• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2003

This study was carried out to design, construct, and test a greenhouse monitoring system fur the environment and status of control devices in a greenhouse from a remote site using internet. The measuring items selected out of many environmental factors were temperature, humidity, solar radiation, CO$_2$, SOx, NOx concentration, EC, pH of nutrient solution, the state of control devices, and the image of greenhouse. The developed greenhouse monitoring system was composed of the network system and the measuring module. The network system consists of the three kinds of monitors named the Croup Monitor. the Client Monitor and the Server Monitor. The results of the study are summarized as follows. 1. The measuring module named the House Monitor. which is used to watch the state of the control device and the environment of the greenhouse, was developed to a embedded monitoring module using one chip microprocessor 2. For all measuring items. the House Monitor showed a satisfactory accuracy within the range of ${\pm}$0.3%FS. The House Monitors were connected to the Croup Monitor by communication method of RS-485 type and could operate under power and communication fault condition within 10 hours. The Croup Monitor was developed to receive and display measurement data received from the House Monitors and to control the greenhouse environmental devices. 3. The images of the plants inside greenhouse were captured by PC camera and sent to the Group Monitor. The greenhouse manager was able to monitor the growth state of plants inside greenhouse without visiting individual greenhouses. 4. Remote monitoring the greenhouse environment and status of control devices was implemented in a client/server environment. The client monitor of the greenhouse manager at a remote site or other greenhouse manager was able to monitor the greenhouse environment and the state of control devices from the Server Monitor using internet.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2020

Automotive manufacturers are applying technologies for greenhouse gas reduction such as vehicle weight reduction, engine downsizing, direct injection technology, variable valves and transmission performance improvement to achieve the targets for enhanced greenhouse gas and fuel consumption efficiency. In this paper, compared and analyzed greenhouse emissions according to engine capacity, engine displacement, curb weight and sales volume of hybrid and internal combustion engine passenger vehicles. Hybrid emit 32~39% less greenhouse gas than internal combustion engines through the combined mode test method. Hybrid electric vehicle's curb weight was about 7% heavier on average for the same engine displacement, while greenhouse gas was about 36% lower. It was confirmed that in order to reduce the emission of pollutants of greenhouse gases as well as the air pollutants, it is necessary to expand the supply of eco-friendly vehicles.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.181-190
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• 1998

An elastic analysis under wind load was performed for the double layered plastic greenhouse model developed particularly for minimizing damages under typhoons at Cheju Citrus Research institute in Seagipo city. General EVA film was used for the inner covering and the developed special film which would break the wind pressure down was used for the outer covering. The wind tunnel test showed this special film reduced the wind speed up to 86 to 98% under well controlled situation. Based on the elastic analysis performed in the study, the behavior of the greenhouse was changed significantly due to the boundary conditions. Not like other researchers before we applied dead load of the concrete support to the ground pipe and fixed support boundary conditions at the 4 corner pipes. The analysis shows that the greenhouse was lifted and pulled the pipe out of the ground due to the sucking wind pressure. The behavior of the greenhouse was quite similar to that one real greenhouse failure. Therefore, not only we need to find the realistic boundary conditions for the supports, but also need to find how to rest the pipe supports on the ground without economic loss.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.364-370
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• 2000

In this study, 10th-grade students' conceptions concerning acid rain, ozone layer, and greenhouse effect were investigated. A conception test that asked to explain about the three concepts and the relationships among them was administered to 137 students. Analysis of their responses indicated that students had lack of understanding about the definition of acid rain, the difference between greenhouse effect and global warming, and how to prevent the increase in greenhouse effect. They also confused ozone layer with greenhouse effect. Many students thought that there were causal relationships among the increase of acid rain, the destruction of ozone layer, and the increase in greenhouse effect.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.145-152
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• 2011

In order to heat greenhouse nearby river channel, riverbank filtration water source heat pump was developed for getting plenty of heat flux from geothermal energy. Recharging well, thermal storage tank with separating insulation plate and filtering tank for eliminating iron, manganese were mainly developed for making the coefficient of performance (COP) of heat pump higher. Heating system using riverbank filtration water source heat pump was installed at a paprika greenhouse in the Jinju region where a single fold of vinyl cover and 2 layers of horizontal thermal curtain were installed as a part of temperature keeping and heat insulation with a greenhouse area of 3,185 $m^2$. 320,000 kcal/h was supplied for performing a site application tests. A greenhouse heating test was performed from Feb. 1, 2011 to Apr. 30, 2011. As the result of that, COPh of the heat pump was measured in the range of 4.0~4.5, while COPS of the system was represented as 2.9~3.3. COP measured of the heat pump was very good and well responded to indoor heating temperature of the environment control system of a greenhouse.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.328-334
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• 2021

This study was conducted to analyze the effect of fog cooling during daytime and heatpump cooling at night in greenhouses in summer. During daytime, the average temp. and RH of the control greenhouse which had shading screen were 32.1℃ and 59.4%. and the average temp. and RH of the test greenhouse which had fog cooling were 30.0℃ and 74.3%. At this time, the average outside temp. and RH were 31.4℃ and 57.7%. So, the temp. of the control was 0.7℃ higher than outside temp., but the temp. of the test was 1.4℃ lower than outside and 2.1℃ lower than control. The average RH was 74.3% in the test and 59.4% in control. The average temp. and RH of the control greenhouse which had natural ventilation at night were 25.2℃ and 85.1%, and the average temp. and RH of the test greenhouse which had heat pump cooling were 23.4℃, 82.4%. The average outside temp. and RH at night were 24.4℃ and 88.2%. The temp. of the control was 0.8℃ higher than outside temp., but the temp. of the test was 1.0℃ lower than outside and 1.8℃ lower than control. The average RH was 82.4% in test and 85.1% in control greenhouse. There was no significant difference between the plants growth eight weeks after planting. But after the cooling treatment, the values of stem diameter, plant height, chlorophyll in test were higher than control. The total yield was 81.3kg in test, 73.8kg in control, so yield of test was 10.2% higher than control. As a result of economic analysis, 142,166 won in profits occurred in control greenhouse, but 28,727 won in losses occurred in test greenhouse, indicating that cooling treatment was less economical.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.371-377
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• 1999

In order to evaluate the antimicrobial function of natural herb extracts as antimicrobial agent or packaging material for the preservation of foods and greenhouse produce, the water extract of chopi (Zanthoxylum piperitum DC.) was prepared and its antimicobial activity was determined. In the paper disk test its antimicrobial activity was increased in proportion to its concentraion. The growth of microorganisms was completely inhibited above 500ppm of its concentration. It showed wide spectrum of thermal(40 to 180oC) and pH(4 to 10) stabilities. In the electronic microscopic observation(TEM and SEM) of microbial morphological change it showed to decrease the activation of physiological enzymes and to lose the function of cell membranes. Even in the activation test of galactosidase, it seemed to weaken the osmotic function of cell membranes remarkably in comparison with chloroform and its activation corresponded to 40~50% of toluene. Zanthoxylum piperitum DC. extract seemed to be an excellent antimicrobial for the inhibition of food borne microorganisms as well as the pre servation of greenhouse produces.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.397-403
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• 2023

Wilt symptoms were observed in basil (Ocimum basilicum) plants grown in a vinyl greenhouse located in Gokseong, Korea, during crop disease surveys conducted in August 2022. The symptoms appeared as wilting of the plants and brown to dark brown longitudinal streaks on the stems at or above the soil line. The disease incidence among the plants in the vinyl greenhouse was 5-20%. Six isolates of Fusarium sp. were obtained from stem lesions and identified as Fusarium oxysporum species complex based on their morphological characteristics. Among the isolates, two were used for phylogenetic analysis and pathogenicity test. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these isolates belonged to F. oxysporum. Pathogenicity of the isolates was confirmed through artificial inoculation test. The symptoms induced by the isolates were similar to those observed in basil plants in the investigated vinyl greenhouse. This is the first report of F. oxysporum causing Fusarium wilt in basil in Korea.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.209-223
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• 2021

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Korea agricultural productions and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions based on Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Design/methodology/approach - This study utilized time series data of economic growth, greenhouse gas, agricultural productions, trade dependency, and energy usages. In order to econometric procedure of EKC hypothesis, this study utilized unit root test and cointegration test to check staionarity of each variable and also adopted Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) to analyze the short and long run relationships. Findings - In the short run, greenhouse gas emissions resulting from economic growth show an inverse U-shape relationship, and an increase in agricultural production and energy consumption led to increase in greenhouse gas emission. In the long run, total GHG emissions and CO2 emissions show an N-shaped relationship with economic growth, and an increase in agricultural production has resulted in a decrease in total GHG and CO2 emissions. However, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions showed an inverse U-shape relationship with economic growth, which indicated the environment and production process of agricultural production. Research implications or Originality - Korea agricultural production has different effects on the GHG emission sources, and in particular, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions show to increase as the agricultural production expansions, so policy or technological development in related sector is required. Especially, in the context of the 2030 GHG reduction road-map, if GHG-related reduction technologies or policies are spread, national GHG emission reduction targets can be achieved and this is possible to predict the decline in production in the sector and damage to the related industries.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

As the interest on the air pollution is gradually rising up at home and abroad, automotive and fuel researchers have been working on the exhaust emission reduction from vehicles through a lot of approaches, which consist of new engine design, innovative after-treatment systems, using clean (eco-friendly alternative) fuels and fuel quality improvement. This research has brought forward various main issues : whether PM emissions should be regulated for diesel and gasoline vehicles and whether gasoline and LPG powered vehicles can be further neglected from PM emission inventories. Finally, the greenhouse gas regulation has been discussed including automotive emission regulation. The greenhouse gas and emissions of automotive had many problem that cause of ambient pollution, health effects. Based on various test modes and ambient conditions, this paper discusses the characteristics of LPG on exhaust emissions and greenhouse gases. Also, this paper assessed emission characteristics due to the test temperature. These test temperature were performed by dividing the temperature of the test mode and the lowest local temperature in winter. Through this study, the correlation of vehicle test mode and ambient condition, exhaust emission, greenhouse gas emission was analyzed.