Asia-Pacific Journal of Business (아태비즈니스연구)

KNU The Institute of Management & Economy Research (강원대학교 경영경제연구소)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Relationship between Korea Agricultural Productions and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Using Environmental Kuznets Curve

환경쿠즈네츠곡선을 이용한 한국의 농업 생산과 온실가스 배출의 관계 분석

  • Kang, Hyun-Soo (Division of International Trade, Wonkwang University)
  • 강현수 (원광대학교 국제통상학부)
  • Received : 2021.02.28
  • Accepted : 2021.03.25
  • Published : 2021.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Korea agricultural productions and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions based on Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Design/methodology/approach - This study utilized time series data of economic growth, greenhouse gas, agricultural productions, trade dependency, and energy usages. In order to econometric procedure of EKC hypothesis, this study utilized unit root test and cointegration test to check staionarity of each variable and also adopted Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) to analyze the short and long run relationships. Findings - In the short run, greenhouse gas emissions resulting from economic growth show an inverse U-shape relationship, and an increase in agricultural production and energy consumption led to increase in greenhouse gas emission. In the long run, total GHG emissions and CO2 emissions show an N-shaped relationship with economic growth, and an increase in agricultural production has resulted in a decrease in total GHG and CO2 emissions. However, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions showed an inverse U-shape relationship with economic growth, which indicated the environment and production process of agricultural production. Research implications or Originality - Korea agricultural production has different effects on the GHG emission sources, and in particular, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions show to increase as the agricultural production expansions, so policy or technological development in related sector is required. Especially, in the context of the 2030 GHG reduction road-map, if GHG-related reduction technologies or policies are spread, national GHG emission reduction targets can be achieved and this is possible to predict the decline in production in the sector and damage to the related industries.

Keywords

References

  1. 강현수 (2020), "지속가능한 발전을 위한 물-에너지-식량 연계에 대한 실증분석: 한-중-일 3국을 중심으로", 무연연구, 16(2), 281-301.
  2. 김수이, 정경화 (2014), "총요소생산성을 고려한 한국의 CO2 배출량에 대한 EKC 가설 검증: 지역별 CO2 배출량과 GRDP를 중심으로", 자원.환경경제연구, 23(4), 667-688.
  3. 김충실, 이현근 (2009), "농업부문 에너지 소비의 CO2 배출량 분석", 농촌경제, 32(1), 41-61.
  4. 농민신문 (2016.12.09.), "농업계, 2030년까지 온실가스 250만t 감축", https://www.nongmin.com/news/NEWS/POL/ETC/26682/view
  5. 박기현, 김진경 (2013), "부문별 에너지소비와 경제성장의 인과관계 분석", 에너지경제연구, 12(2), 59-83.
  6. 배정환, 정서림 (2020), "신재생에너지의 확산이 대기오염 배출 저감에 미치는 영향 분석", 신재생에너지, 16(3), 13-26. https://doi.org/10.7849/ksnre.2020.0013
  7. 이승호, 임영아, 권오상 (2019), "2030 온실가스 감축 로드맵의 농업부문 감축목표 달성에 필요한 인센티브 분석", 농촌경제, 42(3), 85-112.
  8. 원용걸 (2011), "동아시아 국가들의 실질환율 순수출 및 경제성장간의 상호 인과관계 분석", 비교경제연구, 18(2), 1-49.
  9. 조대형 (2020), "국내 선물시장의 장기기억과 시장의 효율성에 관한 연구", 아태비즈니스연구, 11(4), 255-269.
  10. 최은정, 정현철, 김건엽, 이선일, 이종식 (2016), "1990년부터 2013년까지 농업 분야 국가 온실가스 배출량 평가: 경종부문 중심으로", 한국기후변화학회지, 7(4), 443-450. https://doi.org/10.15531/KSCCR.2016.7.4.443
  11. Alvarez-Herranz, A. and D. Balsalobre-Lorente (2015), "Energy Regulation in the EKC Model with a Dampening Effect", Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 2(3). http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/jreac.1000137
  12. Cole, M. A. (2003), "Development, Trade, and the Environment: How Robust is the Environmental Kuznets Curve?", Environment and Development Economics, 8(4), 557-580. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355770X0300305
  13. Dogan, M. K. (2016), "Agriculture and Environmental Kuznets Curves in the Case of Turkey: Evidence from the ARDL and Bounds Test", Agricultural Economics, 62, 566-574.
  14. Dogan, M. K. (2019), "The Impact of Agriculture on CO2 Emission in China", Panoeconomicus, 66(2), 257-271. https://doi.org/10.2298/PAN160504030D
  15. Grossman, G. M. and A. B. Krueger (1991), "Environmental Impacts of a North American Free Trade Agreement", NBER Working Papers 3914, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. Available from https://ideas.repec.org/p/nbr/nberwo/3914.html
  16. Hashmi, S. H., F. Hongzhong, Z. Fareed and R. Bannya (2020), "Testing Non-Linear Nexus between Service Sectors and CO2 Emission in Pakistan", Energies, 13(3), 1-29.
  17. He, X. and X. Yao (2016), "Foreign Direct Investments and the Environmental Kuznets Curve: New Evidence from Chinese Provinces", Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 53(1), 12-25.
  18. Iwatam H., K. Okada and S. Samreth (2012), "Empirical Study on the Determinants of CO2 Emissions: Evidence from OECD Countries", Applied Economics, 44, 3513-3519. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2011.577023
  19. Kuznets, S. (1955), "Economic Growth and Income Inequality", American Economic Review, 45, 1-28.
  20. Lindmark, M. (2002), "An EKC-pattern in Historical Perspective: Carbon-dioxide Emissions, Technology, Fuel Prices and Growth in Sweden 1870-1997", Ecological Economics, 42(1), 333-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(02)00108-8
  21. Liu, X. (2005), "Explaining the Relationship between CO2 Emissions and National Income: The Role of Energy Consumption", Economic Letters, 87, 325-328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2004.09.015
  22. Panayotou, T. (1997), "Demystifying the Environmental Kuznets curve: Turning a Black Box into a Policy Tool", Environment and Development Economics, 2(4), 465-484. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355770X97000259
  23. Pesaran, M. H., Y. Shin and R. J. Smith (2001), "Bounds Testing Approached to the Analysis of Level Relationships", Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16, 289-326. https://doi.org/10.1002/jae.616
  24. Pretty, J. (2008), "Agricultural Sustainability: Concepts, Principles and Evidence", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. B, 363, 447-465. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2163
  25. Shi, A. (2003), "The Impact of Population Pressure on Global Carbon-dioxide Emissions, 1975-1996: Evidence from Polled Cross-Country Data", Ecological Economics, 44, 29-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(02)00223-9
  26. Stolze, M., A. Piorr, A. Haring and S. Dabbert (2000), "The Environmental Impacts of Organic Farming in Europe", Organic Farming in Europe: Economics and Policy, 6, 1-144.
  27. Toda, H. Y. and P. C. Phillips (1993), "Vector Autoregressions and Causality", Econometrica, 61(6), 1367-1393. https://doi.org/10.2307/2951647
  28. Uddin, M. M. M. (2020), "What are the Dynamic Links between Agriculture and Manufacturing Growth and Environmental Degradation? Evidence from Different Panel Income Countries", Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, 7, 1-12.