• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.165-167
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is introduction of social and economic benefits of environmental improvements of Korea green road certification system. Focus of Evaluation Criteria is possibility of quantification on environmental improvements. Proposed evaluation items is noise, air pollution, water quality, ecological and green spaces, waste, and space resistance. The results of this study is expected to be used to support of Green Roads Rating System in korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.181-183
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• 2012

Recently, as part of an effort to realize the low-carbon green growth, the research to measure the degree of greening about the road facility with United States as its center was performed. In addition, the Green-road certification is enforced and applied. In this study, we would like to examine the applicability of the green-road certification to domestic road to promote the settlement of green-road certification system to contribute the related industry development for the green technology development and application and spread in the roads sector.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.78-86
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• 2019

The study analyzed the greenness index that residents experience on the streets of rural areas, where characteristics are different from those of urban areas and the effects of these characteristics were investigated. In Yesan-gun, Chungnam, in order to analyze the greenness indices, the streets were categorized into 7 types. Then, two types of streetscape greenness indices were surveyed, analyzed, and compared. One is the street-trees greenness index which takes into account only the trees lining the street and the other is the street greenness index considering total artificial green, natural green, and productive green surfaces. As a result, using the street-tree greenness index the street greenness index of Yesan-gun was analyzed as 15.93% on national highways, 26.14% for local roads, 28.28% for gun-roads, 24.72% for myun-roads, 40.70% for li-roads, 32.78% for nong-roads, and 18.36% for urban planning roads. Using the street greenness index, the street-trees greenness index was analyzed to be 5.02% for national highways, 9.10% for local roads, 8.55% for gun-roads, 4.51% for myun-roads, 6.92% for li-roads, 2.56% for nong-roads, and 9.39% for urban planning roads. To analyze what factors have an impact on the street-trees greenness index and the street greenness index, the study analyzed the effects of street side-land uses, lane types, street-trees, and sidewalks. As a result, both the street greenness index and the street-trees greenness index responded according to the land use adjacent to the street, lane types, and sidewalks. The street greenness index did not change due to the existence of street-trees, but the street-trees greenness index did. Through comparison with other studies, it was found that Yesan-gun needs to improve its streetscape to improve its greenness index rating.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.34-52
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• 2019

This paper proposes an intelligent system performing an application with assistance of an Internet of Things (IoT) platform to control a traffic lights system. In our proposed systems, the traffic lights can be remotely controlled through the Internet. Based on IoT platform, the traffic conditions at different intersections of roads are collected and the traffic lights are controlled in a central manner. For the software part, the algorithm is designed based on the green wave theory to maximize the green bandwidth of arterial roads while addressing a challenging issue: the rapid changes of parameters including cycle time, splits, offset, non-fixed vehicles' velocities and traffic flow along arterial roads. The issue typically happens at some areas where the transportation system is not well organized like in Vietnam. For the hardware part, PLC S7-1200 are placed at the intersections for two purposes: to control traffic lights and to collect the parameters and transmit to a host machine at the operation center. For the communication part, the TCP/IP protocol can be done using a Profinet port embedded in the PLC. Some graphical user interface captures are also presented to illustrate the operation of our proposed system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.61-72
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• 2014

We implemented ecological linkage assessment, through the connection components of the urban forests, rivers and parks, for the ecological connection of the urban parks which are standing out as the core of the urban green networks, so as to suggest basic data to compare, evaluate and improve urban green networks, as a basic study for the evaluation of the ecological connectabilities between the cities. For the ecological linkage assessment, we analyzed to see if the urban parks of Goyang, Ansan and Yongin, which are the subject cities, are actually ecologically connected with forests and rivers, using distance and roads, which are physical connection elements, in consideration of the mobility of the wild animals, and greening ratios and impervious pavement ratios, which are ecological connectabilities in consideration of the ecological values. The overall result of the ecological linkage assessment the physical connection elements and the ecological connection elements shows that the ecological green network ratio through direct connection states is 36.62% in Goyang, 42.55% in Ansan and 64.00% in Yongin, respectively, giving the ecological connectability ratio of less than half, with the average urban ecological green network ration of 47.72%. The comparison result of the ecological connectabilities between the object cities employing the connection elements indicates that when you set up green networks, you should consider together the physical connection elements, such as the roads, which will lower the ecological connectabilities - rather than do it simply based on areas and distances - while the ecological connection elements with the forests and the streams should be reinforced, so that the ecological connectabilities of the urban parks may be enhanced.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.1173-1180
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• 2013

The construction industry has been a major player in Korean economy growth and it has been accountable for more than 15% of GDP during the last decade. However, fast-growing construction industry has also produced some unpleasant side-effects. Environmental problems are identified one of the main issues in the Korean construction industry and they are closely related to minimizing the carbon emission and delivering environmental-friendly green products. The movement of green construction, now, is considered the next driving force for the industry which has significant impacts on the future. This research investigates this green construction while focusing on governmental policy implications such as green certificate for construction products. Green building has long been recognized as the leading green construction product and the green trends have expanded to infrastructure construction such as road construction. Therefore, this research concentrates on various green road certification processes in the United States in order to develop a framework for Korean green road certification. In doing so, some of the green roads application has also been analyzed. This research intends to provide background information for Korean green construction policies, especially on green road certification.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.55-71
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to propose an evaluation method to assess green environments of streetscapes to improve urban street green spaces in Jeonju City. Through a rapid assessment of urban street green spaces, we suggest an objective basis for expanding street green space as well as for adopting sustainable maintenance and improvement measures. We choose 12 sections of streetscapes (roads and sidewalks) to investigate existing street conditions which have more than four lanes and function as major road axes. Six large roads and six medium roads of Jeonju City center area are investigated as pilot assessment study sites. Site inventory checklists consist of environmental characteristics of streetscape, street tree status, and planting condition evaluation. Environmental characteristics of streetscapes are composed of physical and neighborhood factors. For instance, items for physical factors are types and width of road/sidewalks, paving materials, tree protection materials, and green strip. And surrounding landuse is a neighborhood factor. Assessment items for street tree status are street plant names (tree/shrubs/ground cover), size, and planting intervals. Planting condition evaluation items are tree shape, damage, canopy density, and planting types with existence of adjacent green space. Evaluation results are classified into three levels such as A(maintain or repair), B(greening enhancement), and C(structural improvement). In case of grade A, streetscapes have enough sidewalk width for maintaining green strip and a multi-layered planting(in large road only) with fairly good growing conditions of street trees. For grade B and C, streetscapes have a moderate level of sidewalk width with a single street tree planting. In addition, street tree growing conditions are appeared poor so that green enhancement or maintenance measures are needed. For median, only grade B and C are found as its planting growing foundations are very limited in space. As a result, acquiring enough sidewalk space is essential to enhance ecological quality of urban street green. Especially, it is necessary to have green strip with reasonable widths for plant growing conditions in sidewalks. In addition, we need to consider native species with multi-layer plant compositions while designing street green.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.17-28
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• 2003

The objective of this study is to review and verify whether the functions and effect of roadside trees generally known in theory are actually realized in urban roads and how well they are performed if the function and effect are really realized. The study was conducted with a focus on air purification effect of roadside trees. The m헤r study result is as follows. First, calculation of air purification effect of roadside trees showed that it is minimal. However, 7.4 units of broad-leaved trees is necessary in order to purify $SO_2$ discharged by one passenger car and 1,803.3 trees to purify $NO_2$. Second, regarding pollutant absorption capacity, air pollutant absorption capacity increased as the number of rows planted gets higher (i.e., 2-row plantation absorbs pollutant better than I-row plantation). In particular, "2-row plantation + lower-level shrub + buffer green belt" was as eight times high as "I-row plantation" in absorption capacity. Third, out of 30 roads with over 8 lanes in 15 cities, only 33.3% or a total of ten roads in seven cities had a median strip. Out of these ten roads, nine roads were planted in a double-layer consisting forest trees, shrubs, ground plants (grass). Analysis showed that out of six tree species planted along these roads, about a half of them were weak to air pollution. Also, based on the outcome of this study, charging a "plantation due" when people purchase a new car, improving layout of roadside trees, and reinforcing plantation of air purification tree species when selecting tree species for roadside trees were proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.61-74
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• 2023

The concept of "green infrastructure" emphasizes the close relationship between natural and urban social systems, thereby providing services that protect the ecological environment and improve the quality of human life. The Green View Index(GVI) is an important indicator for measuring the supply of urban green space and contains more 3D spatial elements concerning the green space ratio. This study focused on an area within the Third Ring Road in the city of Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China. The purposes of this study were three-fold. First, this study analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of the GVI in urban streets and its correlation with the urban park green space system using Street View image data. Second to analyze the characteristics of low GVI streets were analyzed. Third, to analyze the connectivity between road traffic and street GVI using space syntax were analyzed. This study found that the Street GVI was higher in the southwestern part of the study area than in the northeastern part. The spatial distribution of the street GVI correlated with urban park green space. Second, the street areas with low GVI are mainly concentrated in areas with dense commercial facilities, areas with new construction, areas around elevated roads, roads below Class 4, and crossroads areas. Third, the high integration and low GVI areas were mainly concentrated within the First Ring Road in the city as judged by the concentration of vehicles and population. This study provides base material for future programs to improve the GVI of streets in Chengdu, Sichuan Province.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.156-161
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• 2016

An R&D project, 'Carbon Neutral Road Technologies Development', sponsored by the Korean Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport was performed and sustainable development is being discussed in relation to global climate change. A draft of the green highway certification system, the green highway design and construction technologies for making low carbon eco-friendly roads, and Green Highway Technology Investment Evaluation System (GTIES) for estimating and managing carbon emissions from roads have been developed from the results of the R&D project. A scheme for expanding the application of these technologies and building sustainable road systems by considering the concept of sustainability was proposed in this research.