• 한국조경학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2003

Connectivity is a quantitative indicator of landscape structure, and connectivity of urban green areas is an indicator of ecological integrity in urban landscapes. The purposes of this study are to assess the connectivity of urban green areas in Seoul, and to develop a method of siting new green areas for better connectivity. Diverse methods for connectivity assessment and indices of connectivity are reviewed and applied to the connectivity assesment of green areas in Seoul. The indices of connectivity of green areas in Seoul turned out to be higher than expected, maybe because many of them are rather evenly distributed, serving as stepping stones, and because there are many riparian corridors, including the Han River. Analysis also shows the optimum location of new green space patches or corridors will be those spots that would link the mainland, or large green areas outside the city, and existing green areas in the city. Restoration of urban streams as ecological corridors will significantly enhance connectivity. Three different scenarios with increasing numbers of new green areas in the city were then prepared. The changes of connectivity were measured and the possible success rates of animal dispersal were simulated. The results revealed that restoration of streams will increase the connectivity and success rates of animal dispersal.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.14-23
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• 2002

Daejeon is a large city in Korea and very high-speedly developing city. Recently urban area is expanding and large forest patch is fragmenting into small habitats because of urban sprawl. The fragmentation of large forest patch decreases the size of habitats and increases the loss of biodiversity in urban area. This study is to analysis the connectivity of green space of Daejeon metropolitan city, and suggest the optimum location of greening site and corridor in order to increase the connectivity of green space of Daejeon metropolitan city. The findings of this study are as follows; (1) The result of this study showed that ${\alpha}$ and ${\gamma}$ index are -0.24 and 0.20. A ${\alpha}$ index is very low and a ${\gamma}$ index is relatively low. (2) The dispersion was very high, for urban forest patches were isolated through fragmentation. Therefore, it needed ecological corridors in order to connect the patches. (3) A urban streams were very important in connectivity of urban green space. Urban riparian corridor must be preserved and restored. (4) A urban green space policy and planning must be prepared to increase the connectivity and assessment of alternatives must be accomplished from perspective of connectivity. The results of this study show the practical implications in perspective of green space planning and policy in Daejeon metropolitan city. The suggestions by findings of this study are to connect green space between large forest patch in urban fringe and island green space in inner city. Also, It is required that urban stream is restored to natural feature for use of corridor by wildlife.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.18-36
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• 2006

The purpose of this research was to establish a green-networks from the perfective of landscape ecology in order to improve the function of urban green spaces. The study site was Dalsu-Gu in Daegu City. This research consisted of three phases. In the first phase, field surveys were carried out in order to understand existing distribution pattern of green spaces in the study site. 533 green spaces surveyed in the first phase were classified into 7 patterns and 24 types. The total area of the green spaces in Dalsu-gu was 3,329ha. Specifically the area of the 'urban nature parks' type was 57.49% of the total area of green spaces in Dalsu-gu, and it was expected that 'urban nature parks' type can play important roles in the green-networks in Dalsu-gu. Two analysis with green spaces in 9 types including 'urban nature parks', 'rivers' and 'neighborhood parks' were performed to establish a basic network frame of the green-networks. In the second phase, 'mutual connectivity analysis' and 'mutual matrix analysis' were performed to select core green spaces of a green-networks using 'areas of each green space and a distance between each space' and 'a rate of green spaces and a rate of water permeable pavement'. The results of the second phase indicated that, in mutual connectivity analysis, large green spaces apart from each other were evaluated as having higher mutual connectivity than small green spaces near to each other. In mutual matrix analysis, the green spaces with higher mutual connectivity and the small green spaces near to each other were evaluated as having better mutual matrix. In the last phase, we structured a basic frame of the green-networks in Dalsu-Gu. The results suggested that the basic frame of the green-networks in Dalsu-Gu was composed on four green-network axes and its shape mirrored a cruciform(+) of northwest${\longleftrightarrow}$southeast directions and southwest${\longleftrightarrow}$northeast directions, The Duryu neighborhood park is at the central point of this green-networks.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2019

Urban green areas are generally composed of relatively small and fragmented patches, but it is a critical factor for the quality of an urban environment. They have positive effects such as increasing green connectivity, reducing runoff, and mitigating urban heat. But, there is a lack of urban greening plans that consider the comprehensive effects of green space in real urban areas. To fill this gap in this literature, this study identifies a planning model that determines the optimal locations for maximizing green areas' multiple effects(e.g., heat mitigation and enhancement of connectivity) by using unused lots. This model also considers minimizing costs using meta-heuristic optimization algorithms. As a results, we finds 50 optimal plans that considers two effects within the limited cost in Nowon-gu. The optimal plans show the trade-off effect between connectivity, heat mitigation and cost. They also show the critical unused land lots for urban greening that are commonly selected in various plans. These optimal plans can effectively inform quantitative effectiveness of green space and their trade-off. We expect that our model will contribute to the improvement of green planning processes in reality.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.412-420
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• 2011

본 연구는 1975년부터 2006년까지 서울시 녹지 연결망의 시계열 변화를 그래프 이론을 적용하여 공간의 다중규모(multi-scale)에서 정량적으로 분석하였다. 분석대상 시기 동안, 서울시 녹지 연결망의 변화가 크게 나타난 공간 규모는 녹지 간 1,000 ~ 1,600 m 거리였다. 1990년 이후 난개발로 단편화되고 훼손되었던 녹지들과 연결망이 점차 복원되고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 2006년 개별 녹지의 연결망 분석을 통해, 핵심 녹지와 징검다리 녹지의 두 가지 유형의 녹지 연결망 분포를 확인하였다. 서울시 녹지 분포는 연결성 중요도 지수와 상관관계가 높아서, 남쪽과 북쪽의 가장자리에 핵심 녹지가 분포하고 동쪽, 서쪽, 중앙에 매개 중심성이 높은 징검다리 녹지가 분포함을 정량적으로 표현할 수 있었다. 따라서 서울시 녹지 연결망은 그래프 이론을 적용하여 연결 중심성, 매개 중심성, 연결 중요도 지수 등으로 정량적으로 표현될 수 있다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.241-249
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• 2024

Human development activities have led to changes in land cover, resulting in the loss of green spaces such as forests and agricultural lands. This loss accompanies issues of habitat reduction and hindrance to wildlife movement. Due to the decrease in urban green spaces, urban green connectivity is reducing. This study aims to analyze changes in green space connectivity through structural and functional changes in green spaces caused by land cover changes. Quantitative analysis of landscape patterns using landscape indices through Fragstats model was employed to analyze the structural changes in green spaces. This study used seven landscape indices to assess the fragmentation and isolation of green spaces. The analysis was focused on changes occurring in agricultural lands, forests, and grasslands within Yongin-si, South Korea, over 20 years from 1989 to 2019. Among the landscape indices for forests, PLAND showed a decrease of approximately 8.2% from 1989 to 2009, while NP exhibited a decline of about 2,025 patches. This indicates both a reduction in the total area of green spaces in Yongin-si. Also, we analyzed functional changes based on landscape index variations in forest land within the study area between 2009 and 2019, and least-cost path (LCP) analysis was conducted using Linkage Mapper. Results yielded 18 and 16 links for 2009 and 2019, respectively, with 12 common links. It was observed that five links showed a slight decrease, indicating partial deletions of links, contributing to the fragmentation and discontinuity of forests.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.25-38
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• 2022

Urban problems are constantly occurring around the world due to rapid industrialization and population decline. In particular, as the number of vacant houses is gradually increasing as the population decreases, it is necessary to prepare countermeasures. A plan to utilize vacant houses has emerged to restore the natural environment of the urban ecosystem where forest destruction, damage to habitats of wild animals and plants, and disconnection have occurred due to large-scale development. Through connectivity analysis, it is possible to understand the overall ecosystem flow based on the movement of species and predict the effect when vacant houses are converted into green spaces. Therefore, this study analyzed the green area network to confirm the possibility of greening of vacant houses neglected in Jeonju based on circuit theory. Using Circuitscape and Least-cost path, we tried to identify the connectivity of green areas and propose an ecological axis based on the analysis. In order to apply the resistance values required for analysis based on previous studies, the 2020 subdivision land cover data were integrated into the major classification evaluation items. When the eight forests in the target site were analyzed as the standard, the overall connectivity and connectivity between forests in the area were high, so it is judged that the existing green areas can perform various functions, such as species movement and provision of habitats. Based on the results of the connectivity analysis, the importance of vacant houses was calculated and the top 20 vacant houses were identified, and it was confirmed that the higher the ranking, the more positive the degree of landscape connectivity was when converted to green areas. In addition, it was confirmed that the results of analyzing the least-cost path based on the resistance values such as connectivity analysis and the existing conceptual map showed some differences when comparing the ecological axes in the form. As a result of checking the vacant houses corresponding to the relevant axis based on the width standards of the main and sub-green areas, a total of 30 vacant houses were included in the 200m width and 6 vacant houses in the 80m width. It is judged that the conversion of vacant houses to green space can contribute to biodiversity conservation as well as connectivity between habitats of species as it is coupled with improved green space connectivity. In addition, it is expected to help solve the problem of vacant houses in the future by showing the possibility of using vacant houses.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.15-31
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 도시공간의 녹지환경에 대한 통합적 평가를 통해 지속가능한 녹지계획의 방향을 설정하고자 하였다. 연구대상지는 대구광역시의 7개 행정구 중 녹지의 공간적 불균형이 가장 심화된 지역인 달서구를 선정하였다. 녹지환경 평가를 위한 세 가지 기능은 자연생태적, 환경조절적, 이용적 기능으로 설정하였다. 자연생태적 기능의 평가에서는 '녹지연결성'과 '동물이동성'을 지표로 활용하였으며, 환경조절적 기능 평가에서는 '열환경'과 '기온저감기능', 이용적 기능 평가에서는 '녹지의 서비스공급량'을 지표로 이용하였다. 분석결과를 살펴보면, I등급 지역인 녹지환경 우수지역은 달서구 전체면적의 44.8%를 점하며, 대부분 남동쪽의 앞산과 비슬산, 북쪽의 궁산과 와룡산의 산림녹지를 따라 분포하는 것으로 평가되었다. 반면, IV등급 지역인 녹지환경 단절지역은 감삼동과 죽전동의 주거지역, 월성1동과 진천동의 주거 및 공업지역 등으로 나타났으며, 전체면적의 5.5%를 점하는 것으로 평가되었다. 이상의 분석결과들은 향후 도시기본계획 수립 시 녹지 조성 및 배치를 위한 계획기준으로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.26-41
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 대구광역시의 도시공원을 대상으로 환경특성을 고려한 공원의 유형을 분류하고, 공원 유형별 관리방안을 제시하는 것이다. 연구대상 공원은 총 68개의 근린공원으로 설정하였으며, 공원 내 외부의 환경인자를 토대로 유형분류를 수행하였다. 공원의 유형분류 결과, 68개 공원이 총 5개의 유형으로 분류되었다. 평지시설-주거지인접형 공원에는 41개소가 분류되었으며, 산지자연-주거지인접형 공원에는 12개소가 포함되었다. 또한, 평지시설-상공업지인접형 공원에는 6개소, 평지시설-농지인접형 공원에는 3개소, 산지시설-농지인접형 공원에는 6개소의 공원이 분류되었다. 근린공원의 유형별 생태 및 이용적 특성 분석 결과를 살펴보면, 평지시설-주거인접형 공원은 공원접근성이 우수하고, 공원 주변의 이용권 인구밀도가 가장 높게 나타났다. 산지자연-주거지인접형 공원은 공원 내 자연녹지의 존재하고 있어 식생활력이 높은 반면, 공원접근성은 낮은 것으로 평가되었다. 평지시설-상공업지인접형 공원은 식생활력도 및 녹지연결성이 매우 낮으며, 공원접근성과 이용권인구밀도는 높지 않은 것으로 평가되었다. 평지시설-농지인접형 공원은 식생활력도 및 녹지접근성 낮으며, 공원접근성은 매우 취약한 것으로 평가되었다. 산지자연-농지인접형 공원은 식생활력도 및 녹지연결성이 높은 유형의 특성을 가지는 것으로 분석되었다. 이상의 결과들은 향후 도시내 근린공원을 장기적인 관점에서 리모델링 또는 관리 계획을 마련코자 할 경우 효율적인 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.105-116
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• 2018

POPS(Privately Owned Public Spaces) is one of the major component that vitalize the city by private sectors providing open-spaces to the public. It holds great significances and possibilities within CBD(Central Business District) which lack open-space and green-space. Despite of its importance, a large number of problems such as deficient accessibility for the public and being unpractical from constructing only with formality occur in existing POPS. POPS should be for both owners and public because it is a public space located within a private estate. To vitalize POPS, functions like "diversity", "accessibility and connectivity", and "usability" are essential. Providing diverse types of spaces makes dynamic city, and the spaces must have easy access by public and variety of functions. Managements by diverse types of POPS are necessary to improve availability and to provides suitable spaces. To make diverse types of POPS, advanced classifications of type and clear criteria are required. From aspect of accessibility and connectivity, firstly detailed instructions for the arrangement are necessary for reinforcement. Specific research on means of connection such as how many faces of POPS should adjoin streets and in which direction it should be facing should be applied. Purposes of POPS must be specified depending on the type of POPS. By connecting adjacent buildings with POPS, one of the main principal of vitalizing POPS, inflow of people can be increased. Accordingly, improvements of design guidelines in "diversity", "accessibility and connectivity", and "usability" can be suggested to vitalize POPS. With these concerns in mind, this paper analyzes problems of current Seoul POPS guidelines with three aspects.