• Title/Summary/Keyword: grapefruit

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The Natural Ingredient Application Method of Cigarette Filter (천연소재 담배 필터 적용 방법)

  • Kim, Min-Kyu;Yeo, Woon-Hyung;Kim, Soo-Ho;Oh, Kyung-Hwan;Jin, Yong-Sook;Hwang, Eui-Il
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.13-19
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    • 2013
  • The natural ingredient has been utilized variety of the food and medicine. The aromatherapy well known prevent disease and healthy promotion using the essential oil derived extracted plants. In this work, natural ingredient include herb granulated for application of tobacco filter. That used by granulation using fluidized bed granulator(top-spray, bottom-spray and tangential-spray) and wet granule method. According to ingredient can used granulating method selectivity. So, we used fluid-bed granulator and wet granule method. Grapefruit extract coated sugar particle using the bottom-spray method and red ginseng granule granulated red ginseng powder using the tangential-spray method in a fluidized bed. Then, these granules applied the tobacco filter after due consideration add amount and operation efficiency. As a result, wet granule was loaded dual filter because that similarity carbon granule. And it was fitted in added 3mg/mm, per tip in the tobacco end part. Another type, fuidized bed granules was filled cavity filter because it has high hardness, sphere shape.

Naringin Protects against Rotenone-induced Apoptosis in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells

  • Kim, Hak-Jae;Song, Jeong-Yoon;Park, Hae-Jeong;Park, Hyun-Kyung;Yun, Dong-Hwan;Chung, Joo-Ho
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.281-285
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    • 2009
  • Rotenone, a mitochondrial complex I inhibitor, can induce the pathological features of Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, naringin, a grapefruit flavonoid, inhibited rotenone-induced cell death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. We assessed cell death and apoptosis by measuring mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) and caspase (CASPs) activities and by performing 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Naringin also blocked rotenone-induced phosphorylation of Jun NH2-terminal protein kinase (JNK) and P38, and prevented changes in B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and BCL2-associated X protein (BAX) expression levels. In addition, naringin reduced the enzyme activity of caspase 3 and cleavages of caspase 9, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and caspase 3. These results suggest that naringin has a neuroprotective effect on rotenone-induced cell death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.

disinfectant and Inhibitory Effect of Natural Antimicrobial Agent on Vibrio vulnificus in Fish (천연항균성 물질을 이용한 Vibrio vulnificus 의 살균 및 독소생성 억제효과)

  • 조성환;서일원;최종덕;전상수;라택균;정수근;강동훈
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.99-106
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    • 1992
  • To prevent food-poisoning outbreaks by Vibrio vulnificus the antimicrobial efficacy of grapefruit seed extract (GFSE) was examined. Minimal inhibitory concentration (in vitro) for the microorganism was found to be 50∼100 ppm. Transmission electron micrographs of Vibrio vulnificus showed the biocidal action of this natural antimicrobial agent would be related to specific respiratory effect coupled with the destruction of permeable function of microbial cell membrane. After Anguilla japonica GFSE-injected to the body was incubated in the seawater contaminated by Vibrio vulnifiucs the fish meats were taken up, mixed with control diet and used as a diet in the feeding experiment. In this experiment the effect of GFSE treated with fish muscle on body weight, protein efficiency ratio, serum enzymes and serum blood components of broiler chicks was investigated. It is proved from this study that there is neither Vibriosis nor toxicity associated with GFSE itself an fish meats treated with it when it is injected to the fish body at a level of 250 ppm or less.

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Naringenin-Mediated ATF3 Expression Contributes to Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer

  • Song, Hun Min;Park, Gwang Hun;Eo, Hyun Ji;Jeong, Jin Boo
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.140-146
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    • 2016
  • Naringenin (NAR) as one of the flavonoids observed in grapefruit has been reported to exhibit an anti-cancer activity. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is associated with apoptosis in human colon cancer cells. This study was performed to investigate the molecular mechanism by which NAR stimulates ATF3 expression and apoptosis in human colon cancer cells. NAR reduced the cell viability and induced an apoptosis in human colon cancer cells. ATF3 overexpression increased NAR-mediated cleaved PARP, while ATF3 knockdown attenuated the cleavage of PARP by NAR. NAR increased ATF3 expression in both protein and mRNA level, and increased the luciferase activity of ATF3 promoter in a dose-dependent manner. The responsible region for ATF3 transcriptional activation by NAR is located between -317 and -148 of ATF3 promoter. p38 inhibition blocked NAR-mediated ATF3 expression, its promoter activation and apoptosis. The results suggest that NAR induces apoptosis through p38-dependent ATF3 activation in human colon cancer cells.

First Report of Citrus Scab on Trifoliate Orange (Poncirus trifoliata)

  • Choi, Cheol Woo;Hyun, Jae Wook;Hwang, Rok Yeon;Park, Jae Sin;Jung, Kyung Eun
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.57-60
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    • 2020
  • Citrus scab symptoms were observed on leaves of trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) in open field of Citrus Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science. Typical scab pustules were formed and they were elevated protuberances form and light brown to grey. The pathogens were isolated from the symptomatic leaves and then were identified to Elsinoë fawcettii by morphological characteristics, pathogenicity and PCR assay. The morphological characteristics of colonies formed very slow-growing, pulvinate, or raised and deeply fissured, gummy to mucoid or tomentose colonies on potato dextrose agar medium. The pathogens were pathogenic to leaves of Satsuma mandarin, lemon, sour orange and grapefruit with typical scab symptoms. In PCR assay, specific amplified of products of 717 bp with Efaw-1 and 384 bp with Efaw-2 were observed from trifoliate isolates and E. fawcettii as reference but not from E. australis. This is first report of trifoliate orange being positive for citrus scab disease.

Effects of Natural and Chemical Disinfectants to Epithelium and Endothelium of Rabbit's Cornea - Scanning Electron Microscopy (천연보존제와 화학보존제가 가토안의 각막 상피, 내피에 미치는 영향- 주사전자현미경적 관찰)

  • Kim, In-Suk;Jeon, Chang-Jin
    • Applied Microscopy
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.129-134
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    • 2005
  • The cytotoxicity that chemical disinfectants of K products and natural disinfectants of naringin & chitosan well-known preservative, have on endothelium and epithelium of rabbit's cornea were obseved by scanning electron microscope. The main component of naringin is grapefruit seed extract, which is one of the flavonoid widely recognized as natural antioxidants and used as preserved food and cosmetics. The chitosan also wildly distributed epithelium of crustacea, epidermis of insects, mould, fungi and so on. It is no harm of cytotoxicity of human body and recognized of antibacterial for various of bacteria. This study was performed to examine the cytotoxicity of natural and chemical preservative.

A study on the relaxing effects of essence products (에센스 제품의 Relaxing 효과에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Se-Jin;Jeon, Byeong-Bae;Jeong, Eun-Hui;Gu, Jun-Mo;Park, Seong-Bin;Lee, Eun-Ju;Kim, Ji-Yeong;Seo, Hyeong-Je
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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    • 2009.05a
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    • pp.149-152
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    • 2009
  • 향에 대한 심리생리적 효과는 널리 알려져 있으며 다양한 연구방법을 통하여 보고되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 에센스 제품 향에 대한 심리적, 생리적 반응을 조사하고, 심리적 향 이미지와 생리적 변화간의 변화를 알아보았다. 실험은 피실험자의 EEG, ECG, SKT, GSR을 이용하였다. 실험 결과, 향 종류에 따른 중추신경반응을 뇌파로 측정하여 알파파의 활성을 비교한 결과, Relaxing Fragrance(Neuro $Fragrance^{TM}$) 및 뉴로 에센스, Grapefruit 향 조건에서 알파파의 활성 비율이 높았으며, 좌뇌보다는 우뇌에서 알파파의 활성도가 높았고 Relaxing Fragrance(Neuro $Fragrance^{TM}$)와 뉴고 에센스가 고른 알파파의 활성을 보였다. 향 종류에 따른 자율신경반응을 비교한 결과, 평균 R-R 간격은 Relaxing Fragrance(Neuro $Fragrance^{TM}$)와 뉴로 에센스 조건에서 무향에 비해서 증가하였다. 피부온도와 피부전기저항에서는 무향에 비해서 전체적으로 내려가는 경향을 띄였으며, Relaxing Fragrance(Neuro $Fragrance^{TM}$)와 뉴로 에센스 조건에서 가장 낮았다.

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evelopment of biological methods for improving the storage qualities of sweet persimmon harvested in Gyeongsangnam-do (생물학적 처리방법에 의한 경남산 단감의 저장성 향상을 위한 기술개발)

  • 조성환;김영록
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.263-270
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    • 1995
  • In order to promote the prevention of microbial and enzymatic spoilage and to retain the freshiness, sweet persimmons harvested in Gyeongsangnam-do were treated with graperfruit seed extract(GFSE)-CaCO3 mixture and stored in the proper packaging conditions. A low concentration of GFSE showed effective growth inhibition of plant pathological bacteria and fungi, Enterobacter pyrinus and Fusarium sp., which were involved in the decay of fruits and vegetables. GFSE was stable to heat treatment; its antimicrobial activity was not changed by heat treatment upto 10$0^{\circ}C$. However, when the temperature was raised to 12$0^{\circ}C$, about 90% of total activity was retained within 30 min. GFSE was also highly stable to broad pH changes; its activity was not changed in the range of pH 2.0 to pH 12.0. The physiological function of cell membrane in the spores of Bacillus cereus and the hyphae of Fusarium sp. was destroyed by treating with GFSE. It was observed that treating sweet persimmons with GFSE minxture and storing them in strech-wrapped packages could prolong the greshness of sweet persimmons and reduce quality deterioration.

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Inhibitory Effects of Natural Antimicrobial Agenton Postharvest Decay in Fruits and Vegetables under Natural Low Temperature (천연 항균제처리를 병용한 과채류의 자연 저온저장기술 개발에 관한 연구)

  • 조성환;정진환;류충호
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.315-321
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    • 1994
  • In order to prevent the postharvest decay and to promote the freshness retention of fruits and vegetables grapefruit seed extract(GFSE), natural microorganism control agent, was applied to the preservation of fresh fruits and vegetables. Freshfruits and vegetables treated with GFSE and stored in polyethylene film (0.1mm) at 1$0^{\circ}C$-15$^{\circ}C$ of natural low temperature low kept better qualities in color and texture than the GFSE -not- treated control. The treatment using GFSE ina 250ppm to 500ppm concentration seemed to be an effective one for the control of Botrytis cinerea isolated in red wine grapes. After 4 weeks of storage the firmness rate of cucumbers treated with the dilute GFSE was four times higher than that of non-treated ones. GFSE showed effective inhibitory action towards plant pathological bacteria and fungi which were involved in the decay of fruits and vegetables. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of GFSE towards them were in the range of 250ppm to 500ppm .Direct visualization of microbial cells and spores using electron microscopy showed microbial cells and fungal spores the function of which was destroyed by treating with the dilute solutions of GFSE. It was observed that GFSE would reduced disease damages and have bactericide & fungicide properties during the storage of such fruits and vegetables as egg plant, wild edible greens , kumquat, and kiwi fruit.

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Clinical trial of Aromatherapy on Postpartum Mother′s Perineal Healing (아로마테라피가 산모의 회음부 치유에 미치는 효과)

  • 허명행;한선희
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.53-62
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    • 2004
  • Purpose This study was designed to verify the effect of aromatherapy on a postpartum mother's perineal healing. Method The research design was a clinical trial. The methods of aromatherapy were applied sitz bath or soap application using essential oils with Lavender, Myrrh, Neroli, Rose, Grapefruit, Mandarin, Orange, and Roman Chamomile. The subjects of this experiment were postpartum mothers who delivered vaginally with an episiotomy. They were allocated to one of three groups; the aroma-sitz bath group, aroma-soap application group or control group. To evaluate the effect of aromatherapy, the perineal healing status was measured using the REEDA scale and smears of episiotomy wound were obtained. The data were analyzed by repeated measures of ANOVA, ANCOV A, x$^2$- test, and multiple response analysis via SPSS program. Results The REEDA scale was significantly low in the experimental group at postpartum 5th and 7th days (P=.009, P=.003), respectively. Most were observed ‘few’(5-10 bacteria per field) bacteria in the smears of episiotomy wound. The one bacteria was identified in the 50.8% of subjects in pretest and two bacteria in the 60.3% in posttest. Most frequently identified bacteria were Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. Conclusion In conclusion, these findings indicate that postpartum aromatherapy for perineal care could be effective in healing the perineum perineal care could be effective in healing the perineum.