• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.829-835
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• 2011

Purpose: The two major concerns in skin grafting are poor color match in the recipient site and the donor site morbidity. And, glabrous skin on the palmar aspect of the hands and plantar aspect of the feet attributes define the skin on the palm and fingers sole as functionally and aesthetically different from skin on other parts of the body. When there is a glabrous skin defect, it should be replaced with similar skin to restore function and aesthetics. The palmar crease areas were used to minimize these problems. The purpose of this study is to present the precise surgical technique of the full thickness skin graft using distal palmar and midpalmar creases for aesthetic better outcome for hand injuries. Methods: From May 2006 to April 2010, 10 patients with 11 defects underwent glabrous full thickness skin grafting of finger defects. Causes included seven machinery injuries, two secondary burn reconstructions, and one knife injury. Donor sites included ten glabrous full thickness skin graft from the distal palmar crease and one from the midpalmar crease. Results: Follow-up ranged from 3 months to 24 months. All glabrous skin grafts demonstrated complete taking the recipient sites and no incidence of the complete or partial loss. The donor site healed without complications, and there were no incidences of significant hypopigmantation, hyperpigmentation, or hypertrophic scarring. Conclusion: The important aspects of this method involve immediate return of glabrous skin to the defect site and restoration of the recipient site's crease by simple primary closure from adjacent skin. The glabrous skin of the palm provides the best tissue match for the reconstruction of the hands, but only a limited amount of tissue is available for this purpose. Full thickness skin grafting using palmar crease of the defects is the ideal way of reconstructing glabrous skin to restore both function and aesthetics and minimize donor site morbidity.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1980

The grafting studies were concentrated on working out the methodology for radiation of flame retardants to polyester/cotton (65/35) blend fabric. The Fyrol 76 was used as a flame retardant in develping methodology for localizing flame retardants on the surface of the blend fabric. By judicious control of the swelling conditions, time_of contact with the monomer, and dose rate, locating the graft in the fiber became possible. The yield of the graft polymerization was depended upon the total dose and the preswelling conditions. Oxygen Index was used to evaluate the effect of the location of Fyrol 76 and other flame retardants within the surface upon the flame retardance efficiencies. To get a better flame retardance efficiency by :the localized grafting of Fyrol 76 to polyester/cotton blend fabric, a technique of one step processing at room temperature was developed substituting the ordinary two-step processing at high temperature.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.446-452
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• 2005

The interactions between the surface of scaffolds and specific cells play an important role in tissue engineering applications. Some cell adhesive ligand peptides including Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) have been grafted into polymeric scaffolds to improve specific cell attachment. In order to make cell adhesive scaffolds for tissue regeneration, biodegradable nonporous poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) films were prepared by using a solvent casting technique with chloroform. The hydrophobic PLLA films were surface-modified by Argon plasma treatment and in situ direct acrylic acid (AA) grafting to get hydrophilic PLLA-g-PAA. The obtained carboxylic groups of PLLA-g-PAA were coupled with the amine groups of Gly-Arg-Asp-Gly (GRDG, control) and GRGD as a ligand peptide to get PLLA-g-GRDG and PLLA-g-GRGD, respectively. The surface properties of the modified PLLA films were examined by various surface analyses. The surface structures of the PLLA films were confirmed by ATR-FTIR and ESCA, whereas the immobilized amounts of the ligand peptides were 138-145 pmol/$cm^2$. The PLLA surfaces were more hydrophilic after AA and/or RGD grafting but their surface morphologies showed still relatively smoothness. Fibroblast adhesion to the PLLA surfaces was improved in the order of PLLA control

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.9-13
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• 2017

Purpose: Fingertip amputations are the most common type of upper limb amputations. Composite grafting is a simple and cost-effective technique. Although many factors have investigated the success of composite grafting, the success rate is not high. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate whether the microscopic procedure process during composite grafts improves the success rate. Materials and Methods: Thirteen cases of unreplantable fingertip amputation underwent a microscopic resection procedure for composite graft in the operating room. The principle of the procedure was to remove the least devitalized tissue, maximize the clean tissue preservation and exact trimming of the acral vessel and to remove as many foreign bodies as possible. Results: All fingertips in the thirteen patients survived completely without additional procedures. Conclusion: Composite grafting allows for the preservation of length while avoiding the donor site morbidity of locoregional flaps. Most composite grafts are performed as quickly as possible in a gross environment. However, we take noticed the microscopic resection. This process is thought to increase the survival rate for the following reasons. First, the minimal resection will maximize the junction surface area and increase serum imbibition. Second, sophisticated trimming of injured distal vessels will increase the likelihood of inosculation. Third, accurate foreign body removal will reduce the probability of infection and make it possible to increase the concentration and efficiency in a microscopic environment. Although there is a need for more research into the mechanisms, we recommend using a composite graft under the microscopic environment.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.30-35
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• 1998

The cellulose modification can be made in steps, giving a range of new products having properties quite different from the parent cellulose. Effective molecular weight control and narrow molecular weight distribution of the polyacrylonitrile can be accomplished by anionic polymerization technique. Preformed polyacrylonitrile was grafted precisely onto cellulose acetate by SN$_2$ reaction mechanism in a simple and effective way under homogeneous reaction condition. The 3.5g of completely dried cellulose acetate(DS=2.4) dissolved in 50ml of dry THF was transferred to the 215m1 polyacrylonitrile solution. The mixture was stirred vigorously under nitrogen atmosphere for 2 hrs. FTIR spectra of cellulose acetate and grafted cellulose acetate were taken, and their characteristic bands were identified.

• Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.83-91
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• 2011

Mesoporous titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$) thin films were prepared using poly(vinyl chloride)-graft-poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVC-g-PVP) as a templating agent via sol-gel process. Grafting of PVC chains from PVC backbone was done by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) technique. The successful grafting of PVP to synthesize PVC-g-PVP was checked by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The carbonyl group interaction of PVC-g-PVP graft copolymer with $TiO_2$ was confirmed by FT-IR. The porous morphologies of the $TiO_2$ films genereated after calcination at $450^{\circ}C$ was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mesoporous $TiO_2$ films with 580 nm in thickness were used as a photoelectrode for solid state dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) and showed an energy conversion efficiency of 1.05% at 100 $mW/cm^2$.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.520-523
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• 2009

Aortic arch aneurysm generally requires an urgent treatment due to the risk of catastrophic aortic rupture. However conventional surgery for aortic arch repair still carries significant risks of postoperative morbidity and mortality, especially in patients with old age. In an effort to correct the aortic pathology while minimizing the risks of complication, we performed a hybrid technique which comprises the off pump arch aortic stent grafting in an 86-old male patient with an aortic arch aneurysm.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.117-122
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sinus bone graft resorption over 3 years after two-stage implant placement. Materials and Methods: The subjects for this study included 30 patients whose maxillary posterior ridges were too atrophic for implants. Bone-added osteotome sinus floor elevation was used in 15 maxillary sinuses, while the bone graft by lateral approach technique was used in 25 maxillary sinuses. The height from the top of the fixture to the sinus floor was estimated immediately after implant placement and the follow-up period was over 3 years. The surgery was classified with two groups: sinus bone grafting with and without autogenous bone. All implants were placed simultaneously. Results: The mean vertical bone loss was $3.15{\pm}2.95mm$. The survival rate of implants was 94.7%. Conclusion: The amount of bone resorption was not significantly associated with the surgical methods, the type of bone graft materials used, or sinus perforation during surgery.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.242-246
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• 2017

Traumatic abdominal vessel injury is rare, but difficult to manage. Approaching the injured vessel and controlling the bleeding is very hard. We experienced the right iliac artery transection managed by iliofemoral bypass grafting using temporary balloon occlusion. Proximal occlusion of an iliac artery with a temporary balloon cab be an option or bridge technique for a definite operation in case of iliac artery rupture. So, we present our case.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.117-123
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• 2005

The reconstructive modalities for vaginal reconstruction include simple dilatation, skin graft, use of intestinal segments and various methods using flaps. However, skin grafting procedure is the most commonly used technique and the McIndoe procedure is a representative technique among skin grafting procedures. McIndoe procedure is easier, faster and has a lower morbidity compared to other techniques. However the conventional McIndoe procedure has several problems such as incomplete vestibule formation, excessive bleeding during dissection, possibility of recto-vaginal or urethro-vaginal fistula formation, late vaginal contracture and discomfort in wearing hard plastic mold for a long time after operation. To solve these problems, the authors modified the conventional McIndoe procedure in several perspectives. The undeveloped vestibule was incised with X-shaped mucosal incision between the urethral opening and posterior margin of the vestibule and deepened by blunt finger dissection to provide a sufficient diameter & length of the neovagina and to minimize bleeding. A sizable medium thickness split skin graft was harvested and wrapped over a roll gauze-filled condom mold. Applying multiple stab incision on the skin grafted condom mold, it was inserted into the prepared neovaginal canal. Distal margin of the skin graft was secured with tips of the mucosal flaps created by X-shaped vestibular incision to prevent accidental extrusion of the skin grafted mold. During last 15 years, we applied this modification to 20 vaginal agenesis patients and investigated results of the 12 patients who could be followed up serially including hematoma formation and skin graft survival rate, size, depth, presence of late contracture, appearance, comfortness, and hygiene of the neovagina. And they were compared with 8 patients of 20 patients who underwent conventional McIndoe procedures. The modified McIndoe procedure revealed lower complication rate, higher patient satisfaction and better functional results.