• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.199-206
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate snacking behavior in adolescents. We selected one middle school and one high school in 11 school districts in Seoul. The subjects were 1,813 students (904 boys and 909 girls) in 21 schools (11 middle schools and 10 high schools). Subjects reported their snacking behavior: snack frequency, snack type, snack time, with whom to eat snack, place to purchase snack. The subjects were classified into four groups by gender and schooling. The mean snack frequency was 2.8. Girls ate snacks more frequently than boys (p < 0.001). More than half of subjects ate 1 to 3 snacks a day. Only 9.3% of them did not eat any snack. Tangerine was highly ranked in snack type. Each subject groups had different snack time (p < 0.01) and type of snack (p < 0.001). Most snack was consumed alone (46.6%), however they mainly ate fruits and other foods with family. 46.9% of snacks were purchased outside. A typical snack time was 'before dinner' for most snacks except fruits. Unhealthy foods like soft drinks, cookies, chips, candies, chocolates, ice creams had relatively high proportion in snack consumption with friends. In conclusion, adolescents had different snacking behaviors by their age and gender. These results indicate necessities of multi-dimensional efforts at home, school, media and government level considering adolescents' age and gender for their healthy snacking behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
• /
• v.55 no.1
• /
• pp.567-591
• /
• 2021

This study examined the curriculum of 23 graduate schools of archival sciences in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia and 25 graduate schools of archival sciences in Korea, and compared core knowledge categories. The average number of courses in Korea and other countries was similar, but each university in other countries set required courses, and few in Korea. As a result of comparison by knowledge category, all knowledge categories in North America were opened as individual courses, while the UK and Australia did not open knowledge categories of outreach, instruction, advocacy, and knowledge categories of professionalism separately. In Korea, the category of outreach, instruction, advocacy, the knowledge category of professionalism, and the knowledge category of information technology have not been established separately, while courses related to history and administration are subdivided. In order to reform the archival science education in Korea, the knowledge categories for archival professionals should be prepared and the guidelines and certification standards for the education should be established.

• Korea Trade Review
• /
• v.42 no.3
• /
• pp.75-99
• /
• 2017

Quantitatively, there are no problem regarding new doctoral degree holders in the field of international trade, but the quality of the degrees does not meet the level of academic potential expected by recruiters. The purpose of this study is to identify current problems of doctoral education to cultivate future generations of scholars in international trade, and to suggest some alternatives to improve doctoral programs through surveys and focused group Results of this studies show that the major issues are a lack of full-time applicants and a demand for doctoral degree holders, and poor coursework. For doctoral education programs to successfully cultivate next generation academicians in the field of international trade, it is imperative for graduate schools to recruit distinguished full-time students. For this purpose, graduate schools must offer sufficient financial support packages as well as provide their students with good coursework and rigorous procedures on defending their dissertation. In addition, some graduate schools that mainly admit part-time students need to focus more on the quality of their doctoral degrees. Finally, preferential treatment of recruitment procedures might be helpful in expanding employment opportunities for new doctoral degree holders in international trade.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.376-386
• /
• 2011

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbial hazards posed by food utensils and fixtures in food service operations at selected middle and high schools located in Seoul, Korea. Methods: We collected 200 samples of utensils and fixtures including cups, spoons/chopsticks, food trays and tables from five different schools in Seoul. Target microorganisms of this study were divided into two groups: total bacterial count and total coliform as indicators of microbial contamination and Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus as pathogens of food poisoning. We used selective media to quantify microbial concentration and 16S rRNA PCR assay for qualitative analysis. In addition, intensive interviews with nutritionists were conducted and observations were made to identify factors that may affect microbial contamination. Logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the relationship between the microbial concentration and operation characteristics of each operation. Results: The level of microbial concentration in school B and C were significantly lower than in school A, D and E (p<0.05). Some samples from school A, D and E showed over 3.4 log CFU/100 $cm^2$ (total bacterial count) and 1.0 log CFU/100 $cm^2$ (total coliform), which requires immediate hygienic action. The number of customers per staff member, periodicity of hygiene education for staff and daily operation time of sterilizers were also found to be important factors related with the microbial contamination of food service operations. Conclusions: These results suggested that not only a HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) approach, but also efforts to assess internal risk factors within operations be needed to reduce the microbial contamination of food utensils and fixtures. This study is expected to provide preliminary data for assessing microbial hazards in food service operations.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.11 no.6
• /
• pp.131-142
• /
• 2016

Since global circumstances have become competitive, entrepreneurship has been regarded as the most important factors in economic revitalization not only in korea but also internationally. According to these changes, public entrepreneurship education has been started from the year of 2004 establishing Entrepreneurial Graduate School as a part of governmental plan. Although entrepreneurship education history is not long enough in korea, but the need for entrepreneurship education in social is now going ahead of the public education systems such as universities and graduate schools. Therefore, this study is conducted for the purpose of drawing the subject frame for systematized integration curriculum of entrepreneurship education through evaluating the importance of the subjects by Analytic Hierarchy Process analysis after being composed of 6 modularity in the Entrepreneurship subjects. This was structured based on studying the current status for entrepreneurship education in domestic universities and graduate schools. The research findings under the condition of Judgement consistency ratio 0.1 are as follows. The most important factors are in order as following; "Entrepreneurial Issues for Fund"(.242), "Entrepreneurship Plan"(.195), "Entrepreneurship & Entrepreneurship mindset"(.161), "Entrepreneurial Issues for Growth & Development"(.160), "Management Skill & Strategy"(.150), and "Special Entrepreneurship"(.093). Then, these findings also represent subfactors as well. The results of this study provide the practical guidelines where the curriculums needed for the entrepreneurship education at graduate schools by suggesting consistency for the systematic and comprehensive curriculum design. It was reflected the survey result from the graduate students taking the entrepreneurship subjects. Therefore, it will contribute the foundation of the present curriculum of Entrepreneurial Graduate School.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.151-160
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study is to suggest problems and directions for improvement, focusing on the master's course at the Graduate School of Education, among the career guidance counselor training programs. First, in the case of career education counseling major education graduate school fostering system, ① 3 universities in Seoul, 2 in Gyeonggi-do, 1 in Incheon, 1 in Gangwon, 1 in Daegu, 1 in Jeonbuk, 3 in Chungnam, and 1 in Chungbuk, a total of 13 Opened in 20 universities. ② Most schools operate in a dual system. ③ As a major in career counseling, there is a maximum of 26 courses and a minimum of 10 courses for the master's course in the graduate school of education. Second, what are the problems and improvement directions of the career counseling graduate school training system? ① It is necessary to prepare a standardized curriculum. ② It is necessary to operate education to strengthen connection with the local community. ③ There is a need to resolve the level gap between the 13 graduate schools of education and the lack of faculty members at some universities. ④ Career education policy department of the Ministry of Education needs to periodically evaluate 13 education graduate schools. ⑤ The role of the career policy department of the Ministry of Education is to establish a mid- too long-term plan at the national level considering the demand and supply of career guidance counselors nationwide. ⑥ It is desirable to dualize the way to obtain a career guidance counselor license as it is now.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
• /
• v.5
• /
• pp.101-124
• /
• 1978

From the 1957's of the cradle which curricula of library science was applicable to university to the 1978's today of heyday, it has been rapidly developing in the 20 years (1957-1978) and they have 5 junior colleges, 9 undergraduate courses, 5 graduate courses, 1 Ph. D. course. The education of library science above the undergraduate course was given greatly prominence to the theory of library science, information science and foreign languages more than that of the putting first in the practical business and built up the educational system of library science. Today is the informatization period from the 1960's. The fact which the automation of library works was attached in the latter half of the 1970's in Korea is the social need in order to respond to the worldwide tendency. As a result of making an analysis of curricula from junior colleges to graduate schools in this paper, I took the new direction which it is an alternative plan of the point at issue, and I want to be useful in the education of library science forwards.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.158-168
• /
• 2013

Purpose: Elementary schools are regarded as the best community setting for implementing obesity prevention programs and health teachers (HTs) are the main health professionals who can provide obesity prevention services. However, there is insufficient information on the actual conditions of school-based obesity prevention/ management programs in Korean elementary schools. The purpose of the study was to investigate the actual conditions of school-based obesity prevention/management programs, perceived and experienced by elementary school HTs, which may provide basic data for developing effective and sustainable programs for early childhood. We investigated (1) HTs' ratings on the program's importance, the confidence in the program's implementation, and the factors associated with the program's success (2), the correlates of the importance and confidence levels (3), the program's effectiveness and the factors associated with its sustainability, which were evaluated by HTs, and (4) the correlates of the effectiveness levels. Methods: The participants, 147 HTs working for elementary schools in Seoul were asked to fill out self-administrated questionnaires through mail. Results: The participants' rate on the program's importance was 7.1 on average (0~10 scale) and that on the confidence in the program's implementation was 6.2 (0~10 scale). Moreover, > 25% of the participants reported student and parent participation as a factor associated with the program's success. Of the total participants, 45.6% reported they had actually experienced the program, giving 4.8 points (0~10 scale), on average, in the evaluation of the program's effectiveness and > 22.0% of the participants regarded student and parent participation as a factor associated with the program's sustainability. The HTs' confidence in the program's implementation was a strong correlate of the effectiveness evaluated by HTs. Conclusion: School-based obesity prevention/management programs tend to be highly prioritized by HTs in elementary schools. To implement an effective obesity program in elementary schools, educational support for HTs is needed in order to enhance their confidence levels on the program's implementation.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.63-69
• /
• 2008

Character education is an opportunity for students to develop character through teaching values in schools. In the past, students have been taught values at home but contemporary society has strongly encouraged the public schools to provide time for children to learn values because society is facing a crisis of human values that affects the behavior of individuals. According to research findings, the primary benefit of character education is to develop the intellectual, personal, and social aspects of students. However, there are some problems concerning how to teach values and how to evaluate student outcomes in public schools. This article explores the current character education in the U. S. through a review of the literature in order to reach a better understanding of how character education might be included in the Family and Consumer Sciences Education curriculum.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.17-22
• /
• 2018

Purpose - This paper discusses cross-cultural management (CCM) in China and how its business students get prepared by university cross-cultural management courses for an international market. Research design, data, and methodology - It was therefore decided to do an online content analysis looking at CCM courses offered by a number of Chinese universities first, and second to conduct a quantitative survey on CCM courses as well as topics among Chinese undergraduate business students at a large Eastern Chinese university. Results - From fundamental aspects, seven Chinese cultural standards emerge which highly influence the behaviour of the Chinese. There is a tendency to imply the integration of not only local but also cross cultural issues in academic management courses. Besides Hong Kong, there are currently 17 Chinese universities and schools accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) that explicitly requires cross-cultural management competencies in undergraduate and graduate degree programmes. In addition, the study confirmed that two-third of the sample (Chinese undergraduate business students) had taken cross-cultural management courses. Conclusions - The results of this research have made it clear that Chinese universities and schools are aware of the importance of cross-cultural management competencies.