• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.167-178
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of the goal achievement orientation of the students in dental-hygiene practice classes on their self-efficacy and on their adaptation to and satisfaction with their major. Methods : A survey was conducted among the dental-hygiene students in schools located in the Daegu region on October 24-31, 2011. A total of 212 accomplished questionnaires were gathered as sources of final analytical data. Statistical analysis was conducted on the collected data, using the SPSS 19.0 program. Results : 1. The students who had good personal relationships(p=.000) and who chose their major and school based on their aptitude(p=.029) were found to have a higher degree of satisfaction than those who did not have good personal relationships and who did not choose their major and school based on their aptitude. 2. Self-confidence(p=.004), self-control efficacy(p=.000), mastery approach(p=.000), and performance approach(p=.003) were found to have positive correlations with major adaptation while task difficulty preference(p=.000) was found to have a negative correlation with the same. 3. Self-confidence(p=.004), self-control efficacy(p=.000), mastery approach(p=.000), and performance approach(p=.045) were also found to have a positive correlation with major satisfaction while task difficulty preference(p=.000) was found to have a negative correlation with the same. 4. Mastery approach(p=.000) in goal achievement orientation was found to have a positive effect on self-efficacy while mastery avoidance(p=.001) was found to have a negative effect on the same. Mastery avoidance showed the greatest effect on self-confidence(p=.000) while mastery approach showed the greatest effect on self-control efficacy(p=.000) and task difficulty preference(p=.000). 5. In goal achievement orientation, mastery approach(p=.000) was found to have a positive effect on major adaptation while mastery avoidance was found to have a negative effect on the same. Meanwhile, with regard to self-efficacy, self-control efficacy(p=.037) and task difficulty preference(p=.008) were found to have positive effects on major adaptation. 6. In the case of major satisfaction, mastery approach(p=.000) in goal achievement orientation was found to have a positive effect on it, and in self-efficacy, self-control efficacy(p=.038) and task difficulty preference(p=.002) were found to have positive effects on it. Conclusions : Accordingly, to raise the level of the dental-hygiene students' adaptation to and satisfaction with their major, the students should be given appropriate tasks so that they can raise their mastery goal, and they should be encouraged to raise their approach goal rather than their avoidance goal. In addition, the students should be provided assistance in setting self-expectations and in developing confidence in their capabilities.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권sup2호
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• pp.197-202
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• 2001

Objective : The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare surgical results of pterional(fronto-temporal) approach and interhemispheric approach for the high positioned anterior communicating artery aneurysm with our surgical experience. Methods : During the period between May 1990 and May 2001, 263 anterior communicating aneurysms were treated at the department of neurosurgery of Dong-A university hospital. Among them, 175 patients were operated by same operator. Thirty six out of the 175 cases were high positioned anterior communicating artery aneurysms located more than 15mm above the anterior clinoid process. Results : Pterional approaches were applied in 32 cases and interhemispheric approaches were applied in 4 cases of total 36 cases of the high positioned anterior communicating artery aneurysms. The 32 cases of pterional approach resulted in Good Recovery 20/32(63%), Moderate Disability 6/32(19%), Severe Disability 4/32(12%) and Dead 2/32(6%), and 4 cases of interhemispheric approach resulted in GR 3/4(75%) and MD 1/4(25%). Relatively, pterional approach showed poorer result on high positioned anterior communicating artery aneurysm located more than 19mm above the anterior clinoid process with GR 5/13(39%), MD 3/13(23%), SD 3/13(23%) and Dead 2/13(15%). Conclusion : Interhemispheric approach is preferable to pterional approach for certain cases of high positioned anterior communicating artery aneurysm located more than 19 mm above the anterior clinoid process because it provides adequate orientation to the regional anatomy, less retraction of frontal lobe and preservation of the olfactory tract and gyrus rectus without any surgical complications.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.91-102
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• 1999

There are various kinds of good feelings in indoor environment such as comfort, pleasure, delight, refreshment, geniality, etc. Each feeling is interrelated with other complex elements of senses such as warmth, coldness, calmness, clearness, brightness, etc. In this paper, we described what is good feeling in indoor environment, and developed elements of good feelings using Emotion & Sensibility engineering approach. Resultant elements of good feelings were "comfort," "refreshment," and "freshness." Secondary, we investigated the relationships of these elements with certain elements of senses. "Comfort" is related with "warmth, calmness, brightness, and very clearness in indoor air." "Refreshment" and "freshness" are related with "coldness, moderately calmness, very brightness, and very clearness in indoor air." The relationships were formulated as a fuzzy model. By applying human intuition to this model, we could determine physical ranges of "comfort, refreshment, and freshness."

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제54권12호
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• pp.1045-1054
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• 2016

Purpose : Aim of this study is to describe and compare clinical results and complications epending on the surgical approaches for the mandibular subcondyle fracture Materials and methods : The patients who had been diagnosed as the mandibular subcondyle fracture and underwent open reduction and internal fixation from May 2009 to December 2014 were included. They were divided into two groups depending on the surgical approaches; endoscopically assisted transoral approach and retromandibular approach. Association between the preoperative fracture classification and post-operative results was reviewed depending on the surgical approaches. Results : The number of patients selected in this study was 33. Eighteen patients (male 7, female 11) underwent open reduction and internal fixation via retromandibular approach and fifteen patients (male 12, female 3) underwent open reduction and internal fixation via endoscopically assisted transoral approach. The mean age, follow up period, and operation time were $44.29{\pm}15.19years$, $9.97{\pm}7.82months$, and $161{\pm}89.44minutes$. Post-operative results were all "good" state in the retromandibular approach group regardless of the fracture classification but two patients in the endoscopically assisted transoral approach group underwent re-operation due to "poor" results. The fracture types of two were classified as displacement and lateral override at the same time. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups. Three patients in the retromandibular approach group had experienced facial nerve palsy (17%) temporarily. No one showed malocclusion in this study. There was no significant difference on the complications such as temporomandibular disorder, local infection, and condyle resorption depending on the surgical approaches. Conclusion : In this study, there was no significant difference on the complications between the two groups but retromandibular approach has advantage over endoscopically assisted transoral approach in case of the severely displaced subcondyle fracture.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.283-288
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• 2006

There are several manners for surgical approaches to the mandibular condyle. With the retromandiular approach, the condyle and fracture are exposed directly and allow for good inspection and reduction. The retromandibular scar is very well camouflaged and practically invisible. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical results of retromandibular approach for the reduction and fixation of fractured mandibular condyles. We described postoperative complications such as temporary facial nerve weakness involving the marginal mandibular branch, mouth opening limitation and malocclusion in 13 patients with mandubular condylar fractures; 11 subcondylar fractures and 2 condylar neck fractures. The follow-up period was longer than 6 months in all patients. The retromandibular approach was successful in all subcondylar fracture cases. 2 patients with condylar neck fracture had mouth opening limitation and temporary marginal nerve palsy longer than 3 months. But there were no cases of permanent nerve injury and malocclusion. Our findings indicate that retromandibular approach is an easy and safe technique for subcondylar fracture but not for condylar neck fracture.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.552-556
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• 2006

Purpose: As the use of computed tomographic scanning spread, the diagnosis of blow-out fractures of the medial orbital wall increased. Conventionally, the surgery of blow-out fractures in medial orbital wall was performed by various approaches with external incision or endoscopic approach. Although the field of orbital surgery has progressed significantly during the last decade, accurate realignment and replacement of component is difficult due to lack of visualization of the fracture site, blind dissection of the orbital wall, and difficulty in insertion of implant. In order to overcome these shortcomings, we explored the use of endoscopic transnasal approach together with subciliary approach. Methods: The entrapped periorbital tissues in the ethmoid sinus were completely reduced endoscopically, and the bone defect of medial orbital wall was reconstructed with $Medpor^{(R)}$ insertion via subciliary approach. This technique was applied to 13 patients who had medial orbital wall fracture. Results: The patients were followed-up for 3 to 24 months with an average of 9 months. The postoperative courses were satisfactory in all cases. Conclusion: The conjunction of endoscopic transnasal and subciliary approach technique seems to produce good results in medial orbital wall fracture.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.37-58
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• 1997

An AI approach with tabu search is designed to solve multi-level knapsack problems. The approach performs intelligent actions with memories of historic data and learning effect. These action are developed ont only by observing the attributes of the optimal solution, the solution space, and its corresponding path to the optimal, but also by applying human intelligence, experience, and intuition with respect to the search strategies. The approach intensifies, or diversifies the search process appropriately in time and space. In order to create a good neighborhood structure, this approach uses two powerful choice rules that emphasize the impact of candidate variables on the current solution with respect to their profit contribution. "Pseudo moves", similar to "aspirations", support these choice rules during the evaluation process. For the purpose of visiting as many relevant points as possible, strategic oscillation between feasible and infeasible solutions around the boundary is applied. To avoid redundant moves, short-term (tabu-lists), intemediate-term (cycle-detection), and long-term (recording frequency and significant solutions for diversfication) memories are used. Test results show that among the 45 generated problems (these problems pose significant or insurmountable challenges to exact methods) the approach produces the optimal solutions in 39 cases.lutions in 39 cases.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2007

Recently simulation model becomes an essential tool for analysis and design of a system but it is often expensive and time consuming as it becomes complicate to achieve reliable results. Therefore, high-fidelity simulation model needs to be replaced by an approximate model, the so-called metamodel. Metamodeling techniques include 3 components of sampling, metamodel and validation. Cross-validation approach has been proposed to provide sequnatially new sample point based on cross-validation error but it is very expensive because cross-validation must be evaluated at each stage. To enhance the cross-validation of metamodel, sequential sampling method using candidate points and representative cross-validation is proposed in this paper. The candidate and representative cross-validation approach of sequential sampling is illustrated for two-dimensional domain. To verify the performance of the suggested sampling technique, we compare the accuracy of the metamodels for various mathematical functions with that obtained by conventional sequential sampling strategies such as maximum distance, mean squared error, and maximum entropy sequential samplings. Through this research we team that the proposed approach is computationally inexpensive and provides good prediction performance.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.90-93
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• 2013

Congenital coronary arteriovenous fistulas (CCAFs) are rare coronary artery abnormalities in which blood is shunted into a cardiac chamber or great vessel. If the fistula itself is large and tortuous, it is generally recommended to occlude the fistula to prevent several complications. In approaches of transcatheter occlusion, the transvenous approach is preferred over the transarterial approach. The transvenous approach would enable the cannulation of a relatively larger catheter or sheath without potential damage to the femoral vessels or normal coronary arteries, which can occur in the transarterial approach. The transvenous approach may also minimize the blind pouch after releasing the devices. Herein, we report the success of transvenous proximal closure of a CCAF using an Amplatzer vascular plug (AVP) in a 3-year-old patient with cardiomegaly. Complete occlusion was achieved by a single AVP and thrombus formation of the distal aneurysmal portion of the fistula. We suggest that this strategy of closing the proximal end with a dilated fistula using a single AVP by the transvenous approach may be a good option in treating CCAFs in a young child.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.909-914
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• 1993

Complete and optimal visualization of the mitral apparatus is a prerequisite for accurate repair or replacement of the mitral valve. A vertical left atriotomy just posterior to the interatrial groove is the most commonly used approach. However,exposure can be difficult under certain circumstances,such as small left atrium or reoperation. Other approaches have been advocated to deal with this difficult situations. We used an extended transseptal approach in 10 patients and good clinical results and excellent educational effects were obtained. The extended transseptal approach combines two semicircular atrial incisions circumscribing the tricuspid and mitral annuli anteriorly and superiorly,allowing exposure of the mitral valve by deflecting the ventricular side using stay sutures. The right atrium is opened anteriorly along the atrioventricular sulcus. The atrial septum is incised vertically through the fossa ovalis. Right atrial and septal incisions are joined at the superior end of the interatrial septum and extended across the dome of the left atrium to the left atrial appendage. The mitral valve was replaced in all 10 patients. Four of 10 patients had other simultaneous valve procedure: one had aortic valve replacement: 2 underwent tricuspid annuloplasty: 1 had aortic valve replacement and tricuspid annuloplasty. There was no hospital death and complication. Among the 5 patients who had atrial fibrillation preoperatively,4 had atrial fibrillation postoperatively,1 converted to sinus rhythm. The five patients who were in normal sinus rhythm preoperatively remained in sinus rhythm after replacement. A review of our results with this approach confirms the efficacy and safty of this method. So we recommanded this approach for routine mitral valve procedure,especially difficult situations,such as a small left atrium or the redo operation.