• Progress in Superconductivity
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.40-44
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• 2008

A combined process of a mechanical ball milling and liquid glycerin ($C_{3}H_{8}O_3$) treatment of boron (B) powder has been conducted to enhance the superconducting properties of $MgB_2$. The individual aims of the mechanical milling and the glycerin treatment were to reduce the grain size of the $MgB_2$ and to achieve homogeneous carbon (C) incorporation into the $MgB_2$, respectively. Four kinds of B powders of as-received, glycerin treated, 2 h milled, and 2 h milled + glycerin treated were prepared. $MgB_2$ bulks were fabricated by in situ process using the prepared B powders. The mechanical ball milling was effective for a grain refinement, and a lattice disorder was easily achieved by glycerin addition. It was found that the critical current density ($J_c$) values were enhanced in the samples with milled B or glycerin treated B only. In the $MgB_2$ bulk prepared with both milled and glycerin treated B, the $J_c$ was further increased due to a higher grain boundary density and a greater C substitution.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.277-282
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• 1992

This study was designedto investigate changes in phsicochemical properties of rice extrudate with added glycerin fatty acid ester extruded by single screw extruder. According to emulsifier content, expansion ratio and water solubility index were represented minimum in rice extrudate with added 2.0% and 2.5% glycerin fatty acid ester. Extrudate with added 1.5% emulsifier revealed lowest break strength and bulk density, so got a tender and light texture. Meanwhile water absorption index was showed maximum at 1.5% emulsifier content. As emulsifier content increased, lightness raised. By the microstructure obsorved with image analyzer, addition of emulsifier had decreased area and fractarea of air cells of cross section of extrudates. On the results of this research, quality of extrudate with added 1.5% glycerin fatty acid ester was considered very well than 100% rice extrudate, because of tender and light texture, highest water absorption indexand fine structure with higher lightness.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.67-71
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• 1993

This study ws prepared to evaluate sensory characteristics about appearance, color, texture and overall acceptability of rice extrudate with added glycerin fatty acid ester by balance incomplete block design. According to evaluated mean of adjusted treatments, appearance and color were represented maximum value in rice extrudate with added 3.0% and 1.0% glycerin fatty acid ester respectively. Extrudate with added 1.5% emulsifier revealed best texture and overall acceptability among whole treatments. On the results of this research about sensory characteristics, extrudate with added 1.5% glycerin fatty acid ester was considered excellent because of highest score of texture and overall acceptability, and predominent score of appearance and color.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.08a
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• pp.7-7
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• 2008

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2014

Purpose: The physical and optical characteristics of hydrophilic contact lens polymerized with addition of glycerin and PVP(polyvinylpyrrolidone) in the basic hydrogel contact lens material were evaluated. Methods: This study used glycerin and PVP(polyvinylpyrrolidone) with the cross-linker EGDMA (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate), HEMA (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and the initiator AIBN (azobisisobutyronitrile) for copolymerization. Results: Measurements of the physical characteristics of the copolymerized material including PVP(polyvinylpyrrolidone) showed the refractive index of 1.4382~1.4288, tensile strength of 0.3446~2542 kgf and water content and contact angle of sample showed the increase of 13.49% and decrease of 21.44% independently. And also, the physical characteristics of the copolymerized material including glycerin showed the refractive index of 1.4330~1.4328, tensile strength of 0.2974~0.2854 kgf, water content 35.58~36.53% and contact angle of sample showed the decrease of 37.64%. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, the produced copolymers is suitable for conventional lens with high wettability. Also, glycerin minimized the changes of water content and refractive index at the same time, increased the wettability of the hydrogel lens materials.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1584-1592
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• 2014

The objective was to evaluate the ingestive behavior of crossbred heifers finished on a Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pasture receiving four levels of glycerin in their supplementation. Thirty-six crossbred heifers with average initial weight of $264.83{\pm}3.83kg$ and 20 months of age were distributed into a completely randomized design with four treatments and nine replications: control (0%), 4.82%, 10.12%, and 15.56% glycerin in the dry matter. The grazing time reduced linearly (p<0.05), whereas the time spent on activities like rumination, idleness, trough and total chewing time were quadratically affected (p<0.05). Bite rate and number of bites/day were quadratically influenced (p<0.05). The number of bites/swallowed cud and the number of bites/minute, however, increased linearly (p<0.05). Although the time spent on each cud and number of chews per cud were not affected (p>0.05).The number of rumination periods reduced linearly (p<0.05), whereas the number of grazing, idle and trough periods, and the times per grazing, idle, rumination and trough periods were quadratically affected (p<0.05). The feed and rumination efficiencies of the dry matter, non-fibrous carbohydrates, pasture dry matter and concentrate were quadratically affected (p>0.05) whereas the feed efficiency of neutral detergent fiber reduced linearly (p<0.05). Addition of glycerin in substitution of corn in supplements for animals managed on pastures does not influenced feed intake, but reduces the grazing time and increases the idle time. The supplementation also improves feed and rumination efficiencies.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.285-291
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• 2006

The effects of sorbitol mixture as plasticizers on moisture sorption property (MSP), water vapor permeability (WVP), color, tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (E), and total soluble matter (TSM) of soy protein isolate (SPI) films were investigated. Two different types of sorbitols, aqueous and crystalline, were added to film-forming solutions in various ratios of crystalline to aqueous (0:1, 0.25:0.75, 0.5:0.5, 0.75:0.25, or 1:0, based on weight). In addition, the characteristics of the SPI films plasticized by sorbitol mixtures and glycerin were compared with moisture sorption rate against time. Sorbitol-plasticized films had higher in TS, but lower in WVP and E than the glycerin-plasticized films. However the properties of SPI films did not differ appreciably by the type of sorbitol added to film-forming solutions. To explain the high solubility and low WVP of sorbitol-plasticized films, cumulative amounts of moisture content gained during adsorption and lost during desorption of films were compared between sorbitol and glycerin-plasticized films. The result suggest that use of sorbitol as a plasticizer for preparing SPI films improves moisture barrier properties of the films. However the high solubility of sorbitol-plasticized films needs to be reduced for improving the functionality of SPI films in potential packaging applications.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.109-113
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• 2015

Current drying and encapsulation methods for probiotics manufacturing are complicate and cost-burdened processes. The aim of this study was to develop a simple ingredient mixture to make probiotic granules via one-step process, providing not only a cryoprotective effect during freezing and drying but also high survival ratio in gastrointestinal tract. As cryoprotectans, commercially available ingredients including skim milk, monosaccharide (trehalose or glycerin), maltodextrins (with low or high degree of equivalents) were used. Their cryoprotective effect during lyophilization and survival ratios in artificial gastric juice and bile salt were measured against 3 strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) (Lactobacillus plantarum, Lb. brevis, and Lactococcus lactis). As results, 3 mixtures with different compositions showed a cryprotective effect on LAB tested and the best compostion was dependant upon LAB; skim milk 10%, trehalose 15%, glycerin 0.5%, and NaCl 1% was for Lb. plantarum and Lc. lactis, and maltodextrin 10% instead of skim milk was for Lb. brevis. In addition, those mixtures showed similar survival effect on LAB tested. These results demonstrate that skim milk or maltodextrins with trehalose, glycerin, and NACl can be effectively used for onestep lyophilization of LAB as an alternative method of encapsulation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.514-521
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• 2018

Objective: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of crude glycerin from waste vegetable oil (CGWVO) on performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and muscle chemical composition. Methods: Twenty-four crossbred (Thai Native${\times}$Anglo Nubian) uncastrated male goats ($16.8{\pm}0.46kg$ body weight [BW]) were assigned to a completely randomized design and subjected to four experimental diets containing 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% of CGWVO (63.42% of glycerol and 47.78% of crude fat) on a dry matter (DM) basis. The diets were offered ad libitum as total mixed rations twice daily. The feed intake, feeding behavior, growth performance, carcass and meat traits, and muscle chemical composition were evaluated. Results: Based on this experiment, there were significant differences (p>0.05) among groups regarding DM intake, growth performance, and carcass traits where goats receiving 6% of CGWVO had lower daily DM intake, growth performance, and carcass traits than those fed on 0%, 2%, and 4% of CGWVO. There were no effects of CGWVO on carcass length, carcass width, Longissimus muscle (LM) area, Warner-Bratzler shear force, pH and color of LM at 45 min after slaughter, as well as on other carcass cut and muscle chemical composition. Conclusion: In conclusion, the addition of up to 4% of DM in the diets for crossbred finishing goats seems to be the most interesting strategy, since it promotes greatest animal performance. Moreover, this study was a suitable approach to exploit the use of biodiesel production from waste vegetable oil for goat production.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.1711-1717
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• 2017

Objective: This experiment was studied the effects of various levels of crude glycerin (CG) in dairy goat diet on daily intake, milk yield, milk composition, some physical properties and some quality changes of goat milk after sterilization. Methods: Twelve 75% Saanen dairy goats (body weight = $49{\pm}3kg$; days in milk = $60{\pm}12d$) were randomly assigned in a completely randomized design to evaluate the effects of three experimental diets consisting of 0%, 5%, and 10% CG (dry matter basis) which were formulated to meet or exceed the nutrient requirements of goats. Experimental dairy goats were evaluated for feed and milk yield. Milk samples were analyzed for their composition, including fatty acids, casein profile, fat globule size, and color, and were sterilized to evaluate milk heat stability. Results: There were no significant differences between 0% and 5% CG treatments infeed. Increasing CG supplementation from 0% to 5% increased milk yield from $2.38{\pm}0.12$ to $2.64{\pm}0.23kg/goat/d$. In addition, milk samples from 5% CG treatment had the highest total solids, fat content and lactose content, and largest fat globule size. Increasing CG to 10% resulted in a decrease in milk fat. After sterilizing at $116^{\circ}C$, $F_0=3min$, goat milk samples from 5% CG treatment had slightly higher sediment content and comparatively higher degree of browning. Conclusion: Considering milk yield, milk fat content and quality of sterilized milk, 5% CG supplementation in a total mixed ration has a potential for implementation in dairy goats.