• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.236-247
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• 2011

지구온난화로 인한 북서태평양 및 한반도 근해의 미래 해수면 상승을 IPCC AR4 기후 예측모델들의 결과를 이용하여 조사하였다. 본 연구에서는 대부분의 기후모델에서 제시하지 않은 지역적인 열팽창에 의한 해수면 상승을 3차원 수온과 염분 자료를 이용한 역학고도의 계산을 통해 분석하였다. 해수면 자료의 분석결과, 열팽창을 고려한 북서태평양 및 한반도 근해의 해수면 상승률은 전 지구 평균보다 최대 두 배까지 높게 나타났다. 특히, 쿠로시오 확장지역에서 가장 높은 해수면 상승 경향을 보였다. 열팽창을 고려한 A1B 시나리오에 의한 MPI_ECHAM5와 GFDL_CM2.1 모델 결과에서는 향후 100년 동안 북서태평양에서 각각 24 cm와 28 cm 그리고 한반도 근해에서 27 cm와 31 cm의 해수면이 상승하는 것으로 예측되었다. 통계분석 결과, 이러한 해수면 상승은 겨울철 시베리아 고기압의 약화와 북서태평양 해역의 기압장 변화 그리고 이로 인한 바람장 및 해류의 변화로 발생한 수온변화가 그 원인으로 분석된다. 특히, 쿠로시오 확장지역의 북상에 따른 수온 변화가 북서태평양에서 가장 큰 해수면 상승을 유발한 것으로 사료된다.

• 웰빙융합연구
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2024

Purpose: Climate change is greatly affecting the frequency and intensity of fires around the world. The main effects of climate change on fires are rising temperatures, dry seasons and extreme droughts, changes in precipitation, increased strong winds, extended fire danger periods, and changes in natural ecosystems. Several factors due to climate change are increasing the risk of large-scale fires, such as wildfires. Research design, data and methodology: Rising temperatures caused by climate change will make forests and grasslands drier, make it easier for wildfires to occur in drier environments and spread quickly to wider areas, and the generated wildfires will release large amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide (CO₂), and the released greenhouse gases will strengthen the global greenhouse effect, further raising the temperature. As temperatures rise, the risk of wildfires increases in drier environments, and this process is repeated, leading to a vicious cycle of intensifying climate change as more fires occur and more greenhouse gases are released. Results: In conclusion, climate change is increasing the risk of fire occurrence and this phenomenon is expected to become more frequent and severe in the future. Conclusions: In order to cope with the increasing fire risk caused by climate change, fire prevention and management. Fire detection and response systems need to be strengthened, supportive policies and international cooperation are needed to restore ecosystems, and these measures, along with fire prevention, management and countermeasures, should take into account long-term climate change and adaptation as well as short-term responses.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.1657-1671
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• 2015

In this study, the wind direction and the wind speed of the nearest temperature observations point of the National Weather Service was analyzed in order to investigate the rapid rise and drop of water temperature in the East Coast appeared after passing of the 2015 typhoon No. 9 and 11. Then the figures were simulated and analyzed using the WRF(weather research and forecast) model to investigate in more detailed path of the typhoon as well as the changes in the wind field. The results were as follows. A sudden drop of water temperature was confirmed due to upwelling on the East coast when ninth typhoon Chanhom is transformed from tropical cyclones into extra tropical cyclone, then kept moving eastwards from Pyongyang forming a strong southerly wind after 13th and this phenomenon lasted for two days. The high SST(sea surface temperature) is confirmed due to a strong northerly wind by 11th typhoon Nangka. This strong wind directly affected the east coast for three days causing the Ekman effect which transported high offshore surface waters to the coast. The downwelling occurred causing an accumulation of high temperature surface water. As a results, the SST of 15m and 25m rose to that of 5m.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.115-119
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• 2011

The mobility of groundwater in the soil environment has an important role in the soil environment and absorption of plant. Therefore, studies on the mobility of groundwater considering the physical and chemical properties of soil is very important. In this study, movement of water due to change in soil particle size were observed by capillary rise. The height of the capillaries was measured according to capillary diameter, temperature and solution concentration. The inner diameter of each capillary itself is 0.012, 0.016, 0.024, 0.027 cm, and experiments were performed at $22^{\circ}C$. As a result, the height of the capillaries decreased with increasing capillary diameter, and the solution temperature but increased with increasing concentration. Changes in the height of the capillaries are interpreted to related with surface tension by the Young-Laplace equation. Also on the mobility of groundwater, the increase of water and soil temperatures can be significant factors caused by ion strength and global warming as well as pores in the soil particles. The results of this study is considered to provide the basic data on the behavior of groundwater in the soil environment.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2007

최근 지구온난화로 인하여 동해안 어족 자원의 감소와 변화, 해저 식생의 아열대화와 같이 동해 연안 생태계의 급격한 변화가 주목되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 1960년도부터 2005년 사이 지난 45년 동안 매년 월별로 정선해양관측한 수온, 염분, 용존산소 등의 자료를 분석하여 동해 연안에 존재하는 해수 수괴들의 특성과 지구온난화로 인한 수괴별 물리, 화학적 특성 변화를 고찰하였다. 전 수괴의 수온이 지난 45년 동안 상승하였으며, 대마난류계수(약 $1.6^{\circ}C$ 상승)보다 북한한류계수(약 $2.33^{\circ}C$)의 상승폭이 약 1.5배 크며, 기후변화의 직접적인 영향을 받는 대마난류계 표층 수온의 상승폭이 $2.57^{\circ}C$로 기온 변화폭 보다 크다. 이는 육상상태계보다 연안 생태계의 아열대화가 훨씬 빠른 속도로 진행될 수 있음을 암시한다. 반면, 표층수의 염분은 기온상승과 더불어 강수량의 증가 추세로 지난 45년 동안 약 $0.29\%_{\circ}$ 감소하였다. 용존산소농도는 전 수괴에서 감소하는 추세이며, 특히 수온 상승폭이 큰 북한한류계수의 용존산소농도 감소가 년 간 0.021 mg/l로 가장 크다. 동해고유수의 용존산소 감소는 수온 증가와 더불어 동해 내부해양순환 시스템의 변화를 암시하며, 차후, 수온 상승과 함께 연안 수산 생물의 서식환경에 부정적인 요인으로 작용할 것이다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.281-287
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• 2022

The distributions of common minke whales observed in the East Sea in ten surveys in May of 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2015, 2016 and 2020 were investigated using satellite sea surface temperature (SST) derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS). Most of the minke whales were observed in the waters off the Korean Peninsula at 36-38.5° N, which is expected as the highly productive coastal upwelling area. Yet, no minke whale was observed in 2006 when a relatively larger scale coastal upwelling occurred with SST at 11℃. In 2016 and 2020, the warm water higher than 17℃ extended widely in the area, and the minke whales were observed in the offshore waters, deeper than 1,000 m. 87.5% of minke whales observed in May appeared in the SST from 13 to 16℃, and they seemed to avoid relatively high temperatures. This suggests that optimum habitat water temperature of minke whales in May is 13-16℃. The SST in the area had risen 1.67℃ from 2003 to 2021, and it was remarkably higher than in other parts of the surrounding areas. The future temperature rising may change the route and timing of the migration of minke whales in the study area.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2018년도 학술발표회
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• pp.486-486
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• 2018

During the post green revolution era, wheat and rice were the main crops of concern to cater the food security issues of Pakistan. The use of semi dwarf high yielding varieties along with extensive use of fertilizers and surface and ground water lead to substantial increase in crop production. However, the higher crop productivity came at the cost of over exploitation of the precious land and water resources, which ultimately has resulted in the dwindling production rates, loss of soil fertility, and qualitative and quantitative deterioration of both surface and ground water bodies. Recently, during the past two decades, severe climate changes are further pushing the Pakistan's wheat-rice system towards its limits. This necessitates a careful analysis of the current crop water requirements and water footprints (both green and blue) to project the future trends under the most likely climate change phenomenon. This was done by using the FAO developed CROPWAT model v 8.0, coupled with the statistically-downscaled climate projections from the 8 Global Circulation Models (GCMs), for the two future time slices, 2030s (2021-2050) and 2060s (2051-2080), under the two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs): 4.5 and 8.5. The wheat-rice production system of Punjab, Pakistan was considered as a case study in exploration of how the changing climate might influence the crop water requirements and water footprints of the two major crops. Under the worst, most likely future scenario of temperature rise and rainfall reduction, the crop water requirements and water footprints, especially blue, increased, owing to the elevated irrigation demands originating from the accelerated evapotranspiration rates. A probable increase in rainfall as envisaged by some GCMs may partly alleviate the adverse impacts of the temperature rise but the higher uncertainties associated with the predicated rainfall patterns is worth considering before reaching a final conclusion. The total water footprints were continuously increasing implying that future climate would profoundly influence the crop evapotranspiration demands. The results highlighted the significance of the irrigation water availability in order to sustain and improve the wheat-rice production system of Punjab, Pakistan.

• 대기
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.367-380
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• 2019

Global warming causes various problems such as the increase of the sea surface temperature, the change of coastlines, ocean acidification and sea level rise. Sea level rise is an especially critical threat to coastal regions where massive population and infrastructure reside. Sea level change is affected by thermal expansion and mass increase. This study projected future sea level changes in the 21st century using the HadGEM2-AO with RCP8.5 scenario. In particular, sea level change due to water mass input from ice-sheets and glaciers melting is studied. Sea level based on surface mass balance of Greenland ice-sheet and Antarctica ice-sheet rose 0.045 m and -0.053 m over the period 1986~2005 to 2081~2100. During the same period, sea level owing to dynamical change on Greenland ice-sheet and Antarctica ice-sheet rose 0.055 m and 0.03 m, respectively. Additionally, glaciers melting results in 0.145 m sea level rise. Although most of the projected sea level changes from HadGEM2-AO are slightly smaller than those from 21 ensemble data of CMIP5, both results are significantly consistent each other within 90% uncertainty range of CMIP5.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.316-321
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• 2000

In this study, heat collecting performance was study of flat plate solar collector by the angle. A method of study on were made turn out artificial sun by the angle of 0, 15, 30 degrees. The heat performances were measured the tube array surface temperature by thermo-couple. The winter season natural condition for 4 times on the angles of various general and emboss glass at optimum distance(0.68m) calculated of between sun and solar collector. To sum up temperature rise is appear more or less that emboss glass is all the better for general glass. The temperature variable at below of 30 degree was appear very less. The maximum performance of this system at that it is tilt angle of 30 with general glass is appear Q:11.54(kcal/min) and ${\Delta}T=18.9^{\circ}C$.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.71-88
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• 2012

지구온난화는 전 세계적으로 21세기 최대 관심사이며, IPCC 보고서에 의하면 지구의 평균온도와 범위가 점점 증가하며, 이에 따른 불확실성도 증가하고 있다. 이러한 지구온난화의 영향은 인간 삶의 기반과 관련된 여러 부문에 광범위하게 영향을 미치고 있으며, 수자원 분야도 예외가 아니다. 기후변화에 따른 수자원 영향평가는 다른 분야의 기초 자료로도 사용될 만큼 중요한 부분이다. 본 연구에서는 과거 우리나라에서 수행되었던 수자원과 관련한 기후변화 연구에 대하여 총 논문 124편과 보고서 57편을 살펴보았다. 국내 기후변화 연구(보고서 및 연구논문 포함)는 현재 전망이나 영향평가에 매우 편향되어 진행되어 왔다. 수문기상인자의 경향성과 전망 분야에서는 수문변수로 지표수, 홍수 등이, 기상변수로 강수, 온도 등에 집중되어 분석되었다. 이는 우리나라가 계절적 강우 발생의 편차가 크고 수자원 관리가 매우 힘들기 때문에, 강수, 온도, 지표수, 홍수 등 수자원과 직접적 관련이 있는 변수에 초점이 맞추어져 수행이 되어 왔다. 우리나라 미래 수자원 전망에서는 지역적으로 다르겠지만, 과거 강수, 온도, 지표수 등이 대체적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 특히 홍수나 가뭄에서 인명 피해는 줄어드는 반면, 재산 피해는 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 하지만 미래 전망에서 강우 강도, 온도, 유출량 등이 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으나, 아직 이를 이용한 수자원 취약성이나 미래 수자원 유역 관리까지는 수행되지 못하였다. 특히, 우리나라에서 수행된 기후변화 연구 결과들이 상이하여 기후변화 연구 단계별로 많은 불확실성이 발생하고 있음을 파악하였다. 기후변화에 대한 적응전략의 경우, 기후변화 대응에 대한 대국민 인식 및 사회적 기반이 취약하며, 개인 및 기업의 자발적인 대응이 부족하였다. 또한, 정부 차원에서의 기후변화 관련 대국민 홍보와 기업의 자발적인 온실가스 등의 감축에 상응하는 인센티브 제공 등의 법적 또는 제도적인 장치가 부족하였다. 마지막으로 기후변화에 대한 국내 경제성 분석에 대한 연구 사례는 전무하며, 진행 중에 있는 극소수 의 연구 사례가 있었다. 하지만 기후변화에 따른 수자원 부족에 대한 대비 또는 적응전략을 세우기 위해서는 정형화된 경제성 분석이 마련되어야 함을 파악하였다.