• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.193-216
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• 2004

The management strategies of each company has been changed fundamentally owing to the emergence of digital economics by using internet. Therefore the efficient management of global e-port causes the main issues not only effect the survival and growth of ports but also exert new opportunities and fatal threats on them. Under the circumstances of these change, the Kwangyang port have to introduce e-biz for the purpose of increasing the level of their competition. The focus of this article is to suggest some strategies on the implementation of Kwangyang Global e-port in Korea. To analyse the e-port realities, I first reviewed the trends of e-marketing and e-biz. I chose and analysed website of four ports like Hongkong, Singapore, Antwerp and Hamburg as successful global e-port models. This article is focused to suggest the theoretical background by analysing the strategic points of Kwangyang global e-port which are divided in 6C: Contents, Communities, Connection, Commerce, Communication and Customization. This paper analyses many problems of Gwangyang port and presents various develpment ways to activate Gwangyang port. In order to be a global e-port, first of all Gwangyang port must improve global web-site by 6C. And also Gwangyang port have to constitute logistics hub site, create infrastructure needed to run electronic business more easily over the internet, establish nationwide network of industries, build up marine and port logistics information system.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.141-168
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• 2009

Rapid progress of globalization around the world makes global supply chain management a very important competitive strategy for global corporation. And ports, where international trade cargoes are coming and going through on a large scale, are becoming global supply chain basis for global co게orations. Accordingly, ports' capabilities to support global supply chain activities of global corporation become major tools for the measurement of ports' competitiveness. Recently there have been several studies to find the variables related to port's supply chain function and port's competitiveness. In this study, an effort has been made to identify variables related to port supply chain function and competitiveness. Also, considering the increasing usefulness and rising importance of Incheon port, the supply chain function of Incheon port and it's relationship to Incheon port's competitiveness has been ascertained.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.238-251
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• 2021

It is understood that carriers evaluate several features of ports when fixing the T/S port. Those features can be enumerated as Geographic condition of port, Service network with overseas ports, Level of port productivity, Port infrastructure, Port services level, Port Authority's Policy direction mand Cost competitiveness. The objectives of this study are to: 1) determine if those factors could affect the T/S competitiveness of the port; and 2) to evaluate how Busan port conforms to those determinants factors in such extent. According to results of the analysis after surveying National global carrier, Intra-Asia carriers, Global overseas carriers, Terminal operators, and Busan Port Authority known to be highly influential samples, all factors were proven to be factors affecting the T/S competitiveness of the port. Meanwhile, in the analysis through AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) methodology about the order of weight among those factors, Cost competitiveness was answered as the most important factor. On the other hand, in the analysis to find the situation if Busan port conforms to those factors, Busan port was proven to satisfy those conditions to a moderate extent. In the analysis about the order of strength among those factors, Busan port was answered to have the highest strength in the geographic condition. However, it showed the bottom level of strength in the Cost competitiveness which was answered as the most important factor among samples for determining the T/S competitiveness of the port. This indicates that Government and Port Authority of Busan have to concentrate policy capabilities on the improvement of cost competitiveness of Busan port to enhance the T/S competitiveness. In this paper, four policy recommendations are given : Integration of Busan port operation into New port, Combining multiple operators into one or a few, Attracting Global mega carriers as the New port terminal operators, and Continuous Infrastructure expansion.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.1-24
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• 2009

Transportation decisions of ship liners are crucial for policy formulation in ports and shipping lines. Ship liners' port selection depends on the location characteristic of port. With network theory based, we empirically investigated determinants of global ship liners' port selection focused on major trade ports in China and Korea during 1995-2007. We present a detailed discussion on the related literatures about port selection, and develop hypothesis using network-based view. With conditional logit model, empirical results show that global liners select globally positioned ports rather than domestic oriented ones. Global ship liners select ports which have intra national network centrality, global ship network centrality and global network linkage.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.216-226
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• 2022

The industry trends of major global shipping and ports in the world are changing rapidly because of the spread of COVID-19, resulting in the reorganization of GVCs by global companies, and strengthening of environmental regulations by IMO. Based on these environmental changes, Busan Port was ranked 5th in the global container port rankings in 2013. However, since the outbreak of COVID-19, Busan Port's global container port ranking in 2020 fell to 7th, behind Qingdao Port. In the post-Corona era, for Busan Port to compete with global container ports and gain a competitive edge in the port, it is necessary to accurately identify the competitive factors of Busan Port and establish a comprehensive policy. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze how the competitive factors of Busan Port have changed in the selection of ports by current global shipping companies, compared to the first study conducted in 2005. Additionally, a comprehensive policy plan was established by identifying factors impacting the frequency of future calls as well as the growth potential of Busan Port, through a stepwise multiple regression analysis. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the call preference and growth potential of Busan Port in the post-Corona era are most affected by 'port facilities'. And it was found that the calls frequency in the future is most impacted by 'the geopolitical location' factor.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.75-86
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• 2021

This paper intends to evaluate the policies which are considered necessary to enhance the T/S competitiveness of Busan's port, and thereby present suggestions to the government which would best implement the results of this research. This research first raises the claim that the majority of the following four conditions: location of the port, port productivity/service level, status of network with overseas ports, and cost competitiveness, should be satisfied in order to maintain a competitive T/S port. Based on these four conditions, seven policies, which are individually pertinent to the four conditions, have been drawn up for proposal, and they are also analyzed in the survey, where all the eligible samples participate to ensure if they are effective in enhancing the T/S competitiveness of Busan. Proposed important policies are a) Terminal operator integration, b) port infrastructure expansion, c) global carriers owned terminal operation, d) enhancement of national carrier's competitiveness, e) feeder carriers' owned terminal operation in new port, f) institutional support for effective and convenient environments for handling T/S cargo, and g) volume incentive expansion. From the analysis by which all the relevant parties (Carriers, Terminal Operators, Port Authority) are answered, it was found that all the seven policies have relevance in strengthening the transshipment competitiveness of Busan's port. Whereas in the analysis that uses AHP methodology to compare the significance among the different policies, it was found that terminal operator integration has the highest priority in terms of increasing transshipment competitiveness.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.175-192
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• 2008

Today's individual firms no longer compete as solely autonomous entities, but rather as supply chain. As such the competitive position of a port is not only determined by its internal strengths but also it is also affected by its links in a global supply chin. In other words, port competitiveness is becoming increasingly dependent on external coordination and control of the whole supply chain. The main purpose of this paper is to examine how a port embeds itself into supply chain in order to strengthen its competitive position by focusing on Dubai port case. This paper found that Dubai port used three phases-insertion, integration and dominance-as a strategies for how it can embedded into global supply chain successfully. Dubai's global supply chain strategies give some implications for the further development of the Port of Gwangyang. First, the Port of Gwangyang should fully utilize symbiotic relationship with Gwangyang free Economic Zone. Second, the integration between Korea Container Terminal Authority and GYFEZ can be recommended for fast decision-making and providing a one-stop-service. Finally, Gwangyang should pursue an aggressive supply chain strategy, aims at dominance in the regional port network through port alliance with small and medium ports in neighboring area.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.16
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• pp.205-244
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• 2001

The managing strategies of each enterprise has been fundamentally changed due to the emergence of digital economics by using the internet. Therefore it is indispensable for each enterprise to be changed their business strategies. With a view to meeting the change of new economic paradigm, they are efforting to build a infrastructure for information and communication, induce foreign capital, reconsider their conditions of location, draw the law concerned and reinforce education for experts etc. In consideration of these change, the Pusan port & the KwangYang port have to introduce e-Business for the purpose of increasing the level of their competition. We - our government, the companies - concerned with port management should recognize and use efficiently our core competence and potentiality of our port management. To achieve it, firstly port industries are to handle not only international logistic system but also communication, finance and sightseeing. Secondly, the developed off-line system have to be harmonizing with the on-line. Therefore, this paper are focused to suggest the theoretic background by analyzing the strategic points of e-port which are divided in 6C - Contents, Community, Connection, Commerce, Communication and Customization.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.65-72
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• 2008

This study is aimed to contribute in establishing new port policy by research and analysis in design of global port logistics network in the East Asia region. In order to build such port logistics network, 21 ports located in East Asia among the world's 50th largest ports were selected in this study. Furthermore, the amount of container cargo and the ports of call were analyzed to categorize the subject ports in East Asia. Finally, this study tries to find economic network between the base port in East Asia, EU or North America and feeder ports in terms of logistics cost. As a result, Singapore, Hong Kong, Shanghai, and Busan ports were found as the representative ports in the East Asia that may connect North America and Europe with the minimum logistics expenses. Therefore, to maintain the stable cargo volume in ports, Korea should promote not only the overseas terminal operation which links to the Singapore, Hong Kong, and Shanghai ports, but also establish the global port logistic network connecting the Busan port.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.48
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• pp.27-56
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• 2010

Pollution emissions from international shipping and port activities have a significant impact on public health and global climate changes. The purpose of this paper is to review the status of pollution mitigation measures implemented to date in port industry and find out some implications for Korean ports. For this aim, the clean air strategies of the world major ports including six USA ports (Los Angeles/Long Beach, Now York/New Jersey, and Seattle and Tacoma), two European ports (Rotterdam and Gothenburg) and Busan Port were considered. Various measures to reduce emission from ports are evaluated by sectors-ocean going vessels, cargo handling equipments, truck and rail-, on the basis of categories such as reduction control technologies, operational changes and market-based measures. The policy implications of this paper are as follows. First, Clean Air Act Plans of Korean ports are required as soon as possible. Second, integrated approach is required to reduce emission effectively. Finally, the effect of port-related emission reduction can be maximized when various measures are conducted on a regional basis including neighboring ports. Furthermore, regional or global-based approach is useful to guarantee the level playing field among ports.