• Title/Summary/Keyword: genetic epistasis

검색결과 25건 처리시간 0.023초

Identification and Characterization of a Putative Basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) Transcription Factor Interacting with Calcineurin in C. elegans

  • Lee, Soo-Ung;Song, Hyun-Ok;Lee, Wonhae;Singaravelu, Gunasekaran;Yu, Jae-Ran;Park, Woo-Yoon
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제28권5호
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    • pp.455-461
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    • 2009
  • Calcineurin is a $Ca^{2+}$/Calmodulin activated Ser/Thr phosphatase that is well conserved from yeast to human. It is composed of catalytic subunit A (CnA) and regulatory subunit B (CnB). C. elegans homolog of CnA and CnB has been annotated to tax-6 and cnb-1, respectively and in vivo function of both genes has been intensively studied. In C. elegans, calcineurin play roles in various signaling pathways such as fertility, movement, body size regulation and serotonin-mediated egg laying. In order to understand additional signaling pathway(s) in which calcineurin functions, we screened for binding proteins of TAX-6 and found a novel binding protein, HLH-11. The HLH-11, a member of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins, is a putative counterpart of human AP4 transcription factor. Previously bHLH transcription factors have been implicated to regulate many developmental processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation, sex determination and myogenesis. However, the in vivo function of hlh-11 is largely unknown. Here, we show that hlh-11 is expressed in pharynx, intestine, nerve cords, anal depressor and vuvla muscles where calcineurin is also expressed. Mutant analyses reveal that hlh-11 may have role(s) in regulating body size and reproduction. More interestingly, genetic epistasis suggests that hlh-11 may function to regulate serotoninmediated egg laying at the downstream of tax-6.

Identification of QTLs for Some Agronomic Traits in Rice Using an Introgression Line from Oryza minuta

  • Rahman, Md Lutfor;Chu, Sang Ho;Choi, Min-Sun;Qiao, Yong Li;Jiang, Wenzhu;Piao, Rihua;Khanam, Sakina;Cho, Young-Il;Jeung, Ji-Ung;Jena, Kshirod K.;Koh, Hee-Jong
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.16-26
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    • 2007
  • Wild progenitor species provide potential gene sources for complex traits such as yield and multiple resistances to biotic and abiotic stresses, and thus are expected to contribute to sustainable food supplies. An introgression line 'IR71033-121-15' was derived from a wild species Oryza minuta (2n = 48, BBCC, Acc No. 101141) at IRRI. Introgression analysis using 530 SSR and STS markers revealed that at least 14 chromosomal segments distributed over 12 chromosomes had been introgressed from O. minuta. An $F_{2:3}$ population from the cross between IR71033 and Junambyeo (a Korean japonica cultivar) consisting of 146 lines was used for quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of 16 agronomic traits. A total of 36 single-locus QTLs (S-QTLs) and 45 digenic epistasis (E-QTLs) were identified. In spite of it's inferiority of O. minuta for most of the traits studied, its alleles contributed positively to 57% of the QTLs. The other QTLs originated from either parent, IR71033 or Junambyeo. QTLs for phenotypically correlated traits were mostly detected on introgressed segments. Fourteen QTLs corresponded to QTLs reported earlier, indicating that these QTLs are stable across genetic backgrounds. Twenty-two QTLs controlling yield and its components had not been detected in previous QTL studies. Of these, thirteen consisted of potentially novel alleles from O. minuta. QTLs from O. minuta introgression could be new sources of natural variation for the genetic improvement of rice.

고추 일과중(一果重)의 구성요소(構成要素)에 대(對)한 유전(遺傳) (The Inheritance of Anatomical Components in Red Pepper)

  • 최순호;김은춘
    • Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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    • 제4권
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    • pp.12-17
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    • 1986
  • 고추 육종(育種)의 기초자료(基礎資料)를 얻고자 $342{\times}$김장고추, 馬山${\times}$Hungarian wax 그리고 마산(馬山)${\times}$제주(濟州) 등(等) 3조합(組合)의 친(親), $F_1$, $F_2$ 그리고 $BCF_1$ 세대(世代)에 대(對)해 적숙(赤熟)된 과실(果實)을 수집(收穫)하여 1생(生) 건과중(乾果重)을 구성(構成)하는 형질(形質)들의 잡종강세(雜種强勢), 유전성분(遺傳成分) 및 상관관계(相關關係)를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 평균(平均) Heterosis는 거의 모든 형질(形質)에서 정(正)의 값을 나타내었고 평균(平均) Heterobeltiosis는 $342{\times}$김장고추조합(組合)을 제외(除外)하고는 거의 부(負)의 값을 나타내었다. 또한 근교약세(近交弱勢)도 정(正)의 값을 보여 $F_2$에서의 무게감소가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 형질발현(形質發現)에는 각(各) 조합(組合)의 형질(形質)에 따라 중복적(重複的) 혹(或)은 보족적(補足的)으로 상위성(上位性)이 작용(作用)하였으며 $F_2$에서 과중(果重)과 과육중(果肉重)은 광의(廣義) 및 협의(狹義)의 유전력(遺傳力)이 높았으며 기타형질(其他形質)은 전반적(全般的)으로 낮았다. 각(各) 과중구성요소간(果重構成要素間)의 형질상관(形質相關)은 생(生) 건과중(乾果重)에서 모두 정(正)의 유의(有意)한 상관(相關)을 보였다.

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Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Functional Stay-Green SNU-SG1 in Rice

  • Yoo, Soo-Cheul;Cho, Sung-Hwan;Zhang, Haitao;Paik, Hyo-Chung;Lee, Chung-Hee;Li, Jinjie;Yoo, Jeong-Hoon;Lee, Byun-Woo;Koh, Hee-Jong;Seo, Hak Soo;Paek, Nam-Chon
    • Molecules and Cells
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    • 제24권1호
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    • pp.83-94
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    • 2007
  • During monocarpic senescence in higher plants, functional stay-green delays leaf yellowing, maintaining photosynthetic competence, whereas nonfunctional stay-green retains leaf greenness without sustaining photosynthetic activity. Thus, functional stay-green is considered a beneficial trait that can increase grain yield in cereal crops. A stay-green japonica rice 'SNU-SG1' had a good seed-setting rate and grain yield, indicating the presence of a functional stay-green genotype. SNU-SG1 was crossed with two regular cultivars to determine the inheritance mode and identify major QTLs conferring stay-green in SNU-SG1. For QTL analysis, linkage maps with 100 and 116 DNA marker loci were constructed using selective genotyping with $F_2$ and RIL (recombinant inbred line) populations, respectively. Molecular marker-based QTL analyses with both populations revealed that the functional stay-green phenotype of SNU-SG1 is regulated by several major QTLs accounting for a large portion of the genetic variation. Three main-effect QTLs located on chromosomes 7 and 9 were detected in both populations and a number of epistatic-effect QTLs were also found. The amount of variation explained by several digenic interactions was larger than that explained by main-effect QTLs. Two main-effect QTLs on chromosome 9 can be considered the target loci that most influence the functional stay-green in SNU-SG1. The functional stay-green QTLs may help develop low-input high-yielding rice cultivars by QTL-marker-assisted breeding with SNU-SG1.

고추 역병균의 접종원에 따른 역병 저항성의 유전 양식 (Inheritance of Resistance to Phytophthora capsici by Inoculums in Korean Hot Pepper)

  • 소재우;한경숙;이성찬;이중섭
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.317-323
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구는 국내 고추 주산지의 P. capsici의 균주에 대한 병원성과 균주별 역병 저항성 유전 양식을 구명하고자 수행하였다. 이병성 재료 '#308'과 역병 저항성 재료 'CM334' 및 이들의 $F_1$, $F_2$ 그리고 'Kataguma'(Sakata Korea) 고추 총 5종의 공시 재료에 이천, 음성, 부안, 임실, 영양 지역에서 수집한 P. capsici 각각의 균주와 국립농업유전자원센터에서 분양받은 PA-159(KACC No. 40482)를 포함하여 총 6종의 고추 P. capsici 균주를 사용하여 접종하였다. 접종 농도는 $1{\times}10^5spores/ml$로 관주 접종하였고 이들의 기내 특성, 이병률, $F_2$ 후대 집단의 역병저항성 분리 기대비를 분석하였다. 이병성 재료 '#308'과 저항성 'CM334', $F_1$의 비분리세대는 균주별 군내 비교에서는 각각 고추 역병의 발병도는 4.94-5.00, 1.00-1.07, 1.01-1.08을 보여 P. capsici 균주별 군내 비교에서 공시재료간 역병 저항성 차이는 명확히 구분할 수 있다. 또한 $F_2$ 분리세대의 역병 발병도의 경향은 1.79-2.31을 보여 P. capsici 군내 비교의 차이가 없고 저항성과 이병성 재료간에 유의한 차이를 보여 본 연구에서 사용된 6종의 P. capsici 균주 모두 역병 저항성 검정을 위한 균주로 활용 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 $F_2$ 분리세대의 균주별 군간 비교에서 PA-159 균주를 중심으로 이천 균주, 부안 균주, 임실 균주가 포함된 집단과 이보다 높은 병원성을 지닌 영양 균주와 음성 균주로 구분되었다. 각 균주별 $F_2$ 세대의 역병 저항성에 대한 분리 기대비를 분석하였는데, PA-159 균주는 3:1 또는 9:3:3:1의 분리비를 보여 1-2개의 유전자가 관여하는 것으로 나타났다. 반면 음성 균주와 영양 균주는 11:5, 이천 균주는 12:3:1의 분리비를 보여 유전자간 상호작용이 있는 것으로 나타났다.