• Title/Summary/Keyword: generated load

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Analysis of Electric Power Effect of Piezoelectric Element on Steel-concrete Composite Bridge (강합성 교량에 설치된 압전소자의 전력발생효과 분석)

  • Kim, Sang-Hyo;Jung, Chi-Young;Chung, Ha-Min;Ahn, Jin-Hee
    • Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.411-420
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    • 2010
  • In general, moving vehicles generate continuous and repetitive strain of energy on bridges. The strain energy can convert to electric energy due to its piezoelectric element. However, some factors should be considered in order to reasonably assess the feasibility such as load distribution applied on bridges and the relationship of strains generated according to loads. This study was carried out to estimate the generated voltage when piezoelectric elements were installed to a bridge. A steel-concrete composite specimen was fabricated and loads were applied, considering vehicle load-effects. As a result, the voltage generated in the element was evaluated and compared with the analysis equation of the piezoelectric effect.

The Performance of generated Heating Energy from Interior Lighting Fixtures (실내조명의 발열량 예측에 관한 실험 연구)

  • Choi, Jong-seon;Lim, Hong-Soo;Kim, Kyung-Ah;Lee, Keum-hwan;Koo, Jae-Oh;Kim, Gon
    • KIEAE Journal
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    • v.10 no.6
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    • pp.27-32
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    • 2010
  • Approximately 20 percentage of energy consumptions in buildings is consumed as lighting energy. Thus, most of the corporations of lighting fixture have launched low energy products. However, many researchers focused on the only luminous efficacy for energy conservation and used the evaluating tool of study. This can not gauge the precise cooling load related on generated heat of artificial lighting. In order to assess an effect of the temperature variation of lighting resources, the main purpose of this study is to predict the generated heating energy from lighting by measuring the thermal variation in scale model to reduce external noise. Also this paper used MX100 data logger to record at an interval of 1 minute for 60 minutes for the temperature of interior lightings such as incandescent lamp, fluorescent light, halogen lamp and LED lamp. As a result, LED lamp generated the lowest heat. On the other hand, incandescent lamp did the highest.

Unit Commitment for an Uncertain Daily Load Profile (불확실한 부하곡선에 대한 발전기 기동정지계획)

  • 박정도;박상배
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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    • v.53 no.6
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    • pp.334-339
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    • 2004
  • In this study, a new UC (Unit Commitment) algorithm is proposed to consider the uncertainty of a daily load profile. The proposed algorithm calculates the UC results with the lower load level than the one generated by the conventional load forecast and the more hourly reserve allocation. In case of the worse load forecast, the deviation of the conventional UC solution can be overcome with the proposed method. The proposed method is tested with sample systems, which shows that the new UC algorithm yields completely feasible solution even though the worse load forecast is applied. Also, the effects of the uncertain hourly load demand are statistically analyzed especially by the consideration of the average over generation and the average under generation. Finally, it is shown that independent power producers participating in electricity spot-markets can establish bidding strategies by means of the statistical analysis. Therefore, it is expected that the proposed method can be used as the basic guideline for establishing bidding strategies under the deregulation power pool.

Unit Commitment for an Uncertain Daily Load Profile

  • Park Jeong-Do
    • KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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    • v.5A no.1
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    • pp.16-21
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    • 2005
  • In this study, a new Unit Commitment (UC) algorithm is proposed to consider the uncertainty of a daily load profile. The proposed algorithm calculates the UC results with a lower load level than that generated by the conventional load forecast method and the greater hourly reserve allocation. In case of the worst load forecast, the deviation of the conventional UC solution can be overcome with the proposed method. The proposed method is tested with sample systems, which indicates that the new UC algorithm yields a completely feasible solution even when the worst load forecast is applied. Also, the effects of the uncertain hourly load demand are statistically analyzed, particularly by the consideration of the average over generation and the average under generation. Finally, it is shown that independent power producers participating in electricity spot-markets can establish bidding strategies by means of the statistical analysis. Therefore, it is expected that the proposed method can be used as the basic guideline for establishing bidding strategies under the deregulation power pool.

Behavior of Laterally Cyclic Loaded Piles Driven into Sand (모래지반에서 반복수평하중을 받는 항타말뚝의 거동)

  • Paik, Kyu-Ho;Park, Won-Woo;Kim, Young-Jun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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    • 2009.09a
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    • pp.913-922
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    • 2009
  • Fourteen model pile load tests using a calibration chamber and instrumented model pile were preformed to investigate the variation of the behaviors of driven piles in sands with soil and lateral cyclic loading conditions. Results of the model tests showed that the first loading cycle generated more than 70% of the pile head rotation developed for 50 lateral loading cycles. Lateral cyclic loading also made an increase of the ultimate lateral load capacity of piles for $K_0$=0.4 and an decrease for $K_0$ higher than 0.4. Higher portion of the increase or decrease in the ultimate lateral load capacity by lateral cyclic loading was generated for the first loading cycle due to densification of loosening of the soil around the pile by lateral cyclic loading. It was also observed that a two-way cyclic loading caused higher ultimate lateral load capacity of driven piles than a one-way cyclic loading. When the pile was in the ultimate state, the maximum bending moment developed in the pile increased with increasing $K_0$ value of soil and was insensitive to the magnitude and number of lateral cyclic loading.

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Land Generated Waste Load Unit Estimation Based on Land Use Map with LP Optimization (LP 최적화에 의한 토지피복도 기반 토지계 발생부하 원단위 산정)

  • Park, Kyung Ok;Lee, Chang Hee
    • Journal of Wetlands Research
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.226-231
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    • 2016
  • Land Generated Waste Load Unit(LGWLU) estimation based on land use data is required to understand the impact of land use on water quality. The method of estimating LGWLU based on the monitoring data requires a lot of time and manpower. In this study, we propose a method of land pollution unit load estimation based on land use data with LP optimization. Optimization is the process to obtain the best possible optimal solution in a given condition. This study carried out optimization by using excel solver in Microsoft Excel. This study derived LGWLU of BOD, T-N, T-P in Gongju-Si and Seocheon-Gun by using the 2012 land use map made by ministry of environment based on 2010 satellite image. This study about LGWLU estimation is expected to be able to determine more clearly the water pollution caused by land use changes.

Quality Assessment of the Nationwide Water Pollution Source Survey Results on the Prioritized Toxic Water Pollutants from Industrial Sources in the Geum-River Basin by Exploratory Data Analysis (금강유역 산업계 특정수질유해물질 배출현황에 대한 탐색적 데이터 분석을 통한 전국오염원조사 결과 적합성 평가)

  • Kim, Eun-Ah;Kim, Yeon-Suk;Kim, Yong Seok;Rhew, Doug Hee;Jung, Je Ho
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.30 no.6
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    • pp.585-595
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    • 2014
  • The temporal trends of the prioritized toxic water pollutants generated and discharged from the industrial facilities in the Geum-River basin, Korea were analyzed with the results of the nationwide Water Pollution Source Survey conducted in 2001 - 2012. The statistical results indicated rapid increase in the volume of raw toxic wastewaters whereas the amount of each toxic pollutant kept fluctuating for 12 years. Serious discrepancies in the survey data of the same type of industries demonstrated a low reliability of the survey result, which stemmed from several error factors. A unit-load for each type of industrial facility was devised to estimate the amount of prioritized toxic water pollutant based on the total volume of industrial wastewater generated from the same type of industrial facilities. The supplementary measures with an effective permit issuance policy and adding survey parameters of terminal wastewater treatment plants to use them as references to the Water Pollution Source Survey were suggested as means to minimize the errors associated with the false reports from the industries.

Design of the Reconfigurable Load Distribution Control Allocator

  • Yang, Inseok;Kang, Myungsoo;Sung, Jaemin;Kim, Chong-Sup;Cho, Inje
    • International Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2017
  • This paper proposes the load distribution control allocation technique. The proposed method is designed by combining a conventional control allocation method with load distribution ability in order to reduce the stress acting on ailerons. By designing the weighting matrix as a function of the load distribution rule, the optimal deflection angles of each surface to satisfy both control goal and load distribution can be achieved. Moreover, rule based fault-tolerant control technique is also proposed. The rules are generated by considering both dominant control surfaces and the ratio of load distribution among surfaces. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated through numerical simulations.

Load Control Device for VVVF Inverter Testing (인버터 시험을 위한 부하제어 장치)

  • Kim, Gil-Dong;Lee, Han-Min
    • Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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    • 2007.05a
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    • pp.675-679
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    • 2007
  • The control method of programmable dynamometer for overall test of machine is to load reference torque which is computed from torque transducer into motor under test. But the torque information detected from torque transducer have a lot of noise when the load torque of moter is a small quantity or changing. Thus, torque transducer must have a low pass filter to detect a definite torque information. But The torque delay generated by filter with torque transducer occur a torque trouble for moter torque of programmable dynamometer. Therefore, this kind of system could not perform dynamic and nonlinear load. In this paper, the control method using the load torque observer without a measure for torque transducer is proposed. The proposed system improved the problem of the torque measuring delay with torque transducer, and the load torque is estimated by the minimal order state observer based on the torque component of the vector control induction moter. Therefore, the torque controller is not affected by a load torque disturbance.

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