• ETRI Journal
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.534-548
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• 2020

This study presents a new architecture for a field programmable analog array (FPAA) for use in low-frequency applications, and a generalized circuit realization method for the implementation of nth-order elliptic filters. The proposed designs of both the FPAA and elliptic filters are based on the operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) used in implementing OTA-C filters for biopotential signal processing. The proposed FPAA architecture has a flexible, expandable structure with direct connections between configurable analog blocks (CABs) that eliminates the use of switches. The generalized elliptic filter circuit realization provides a simplified, direct synthetic method for an OTA-C symmetric balanced structure for even/odd-nth-order low-pass filters (LPFs) and notch filters with minimum number of components, using grounded capacitors. The filters are mapped on the FPAA, and both architectures are validated with simulations in LTspice using 90-nm complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Both proposed FPAA and filters generalized synthetic method achieve simple, flexible, low-power designs for implementation of biopotential signal processing systems.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.409-434
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• 2009

In this paper, we consider a generalized Riemann problem of the first order hyperbolic conservation laws. For the case that excludes the centered wave, we prove that the generalized Riemann problem admits a unique piecewise smooth solution u = u(t, x), and this solution has a structure similar to the similarity solution u = $U{(\frac{x}{t})}$ of the correspondin Riemann problem in the neighborhood of the origin provided that the coefficients of the system and the initial conditions are sufficiently smooth.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.513-518
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a generalized index independent stability condition for a descriptor systemwithout any transformations of system matrices. First, the generalized Lyapunov equation with a specific right-handed matrix form is considered. Furthermore, the existence theorem and the necessary and sufficient conditions for asymptotically stable descriptor systems are presented. Finally, some suitable examples are used to show the validity of the proposed method.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.61-68
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• 2001

A new approach for motion control of constrained mechanical systems is proposed in this paper. The approach uses a new equations of motion which is proposed by Udwadia and Kalaba and named Udwadia-Kalaba's equations of motion in this paper. This paper reveals that the Udwadia-Kalaba's equations of motion is more adequate to model constrained mechanical systems rather than the famous Lagrange's equations of motion at least for control purpose. The proposed approach coverts most of constraints including holonomic and nonholonomic constraints. Comparison of simulation results of two systems which are well-known in the literature show the superiority of the proposed approach. Furthermore, a special constrained mechanical system which includes nonlinear generalized velocities in its constraint equations, which has been considered to be difficult to control, can be controlled easily. It shows the possibility of the proposed approach to being a general framework for motion control of constrained mechanical systems with various kinds of constraints.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.82-88
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• 1997

This paper derives the generalized stiffness to find dynamic characteristics and its derivatives of a continuous system. And a new sensitivity analysis method is presented by using the amount of change of generalized stiffness and vibrational mode caused by the variation of stiffness. In this paper, to get or detect appropriate results, cantilever beam and stepped beam and stepped beam are used. Deviations of sensitivity coefficient, natural frequency, and vibrational mode are calculated as result, and compared with the theoretical exact values.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.320-325
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• 2011

This paper considers the effects of simultaneous correlated multipath fading and shadowing on the performances of a signal-to-interference ratio (SIR)-based dual-branch selection combining (SC) diversity receiver. This analysis includes the presence of cochannel interference. A generalized fading/shadowing channel model in an interference-limited correlated fading environment is modeled by generalized-K distribution. Closed-form expressions are obtained for probability density function and cumulative distribution function of the SC output SIR, as well as for the outage probability. Based on this, the influence of various fading and shadowing parameter values and the correlation level on the outage probability is examined.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.65-75
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• 2004

This paper presents a generalized predictive control method based on a fuzzy neural network(FNN) model, which uses the on-line multi-step prediction, fur the intelligent control of chaotic nonlinear systems whose mathematical models are unknown. In our design method, the parameters of both predictor and controller are tuned by a simple gradient descent scheme, and the weight parameters of FNN are determined adaptively during the operation of the system. In order to design a generalized predictive controller effectively, this paper describes computing procedure for each of the two important parameters. Also, we introduce a projection matrix to determine the control input, which deceases the control performance function very rapidly. Finally, in order to evaluate the performance of our controller, the proposed method is applied to the Doffing and Henon systems, which are two representative continuous-time and discrete-time chaotic nonlinear systems, res reactively.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.407-427
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• 2024

The purpose of this article is to bring together the Horadam numbers and 3-parameter generalized quaternions, which are a general form of the quaternion algebra according to 3-parameters. With this purpose, we introduce and examine a new type of quite big special numbers system, which is called Horadam 3-parameter generalized quaternions (shortly, Horadam 3PGQs), and special cases of them. Besides, we compute both some new equations and classical well-known equations such as; Binet formulas, generating function, exponential generating function, Poisson generating function, sum formulas, Cassini identity, polar representation, and matrix equation. Furthermore, this article concludes by presenting the determinant, characteristic polynomial, characteristic equation, eigenvalues, and eigenvectors in relation to the matrix representation of Horadam 3PGQ.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.34S no.9
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• pp.50-59
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• 1997

This paper is on the generalized singular perturbation approximation (GSPA) preserving the discrete positive real property. We transform the discrete positive real(PR) system into a stochastically banlanced system and get the reduced order discrete system from the GSPA of the full order stochastically balanced system. eSPECIALLY, WHEN THE FREE PARAMETER OF THE gspa IS .+-.1, we show that the reduced order discrete system retains stability, minimality, and positive real and stochstically balancing properties. And we derived the .inf.-norm error bound with the reduced order discrete strictly positive real(SPR) system by the proposed method. Finally, we give an example to ascertain the properties of the proposed reduced order discrete system and to compare with the conventional methods.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.93-99
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• 2001

This paper presents the automatic recognition system for car number plate. In our country, two types of number plate pattern is used. The one is old type of number plate, the other is new type of number plate. To recognize both new and old type number plates, the system must have flexibility. Therefore, in this paper, automatic recognition system is developed by use of the neural network for good adaptation, good generalization, and modulation. And because the number plate is made of three codes, the multi neural network consists of three networks. Neural network is teamed by GDR(Generalized Delta learning Rule) and it is verified the effectiveness of the method through experimental results.