• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.502-510
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• 2021

본 연구는 벨라미의 『뒤를 돌아보며』라는 소설을 통하여 유토피아 문학 속에 제시된 젠더 불평등을 알아보고자 하였다. 벨라미가 제시한 2000년의 미국 보스턴은 생산과 분배가 효율적으로 이루어지고, 남성과 여성의 차별이 없이 모든 사람들이 동등한 기회를 통해 일을 할 수 있는 평등한 사회이다. 하지만 사회 구조를 좀 더 자세히 들여다보면, 가사와 육아의 일이 기본적으로 여성의 의무임을 표현하고 있으며, 여성과 남성이 가질 수 있는 직업이 차별화된다는 점에서 진정한 젠더 평등이라고 보기 어려웠다. 그리고, 남성의 기준으로 여성의 외모를 판단하는 미의 관념을 보여주는 등 젠더 불평등적인 요소가 여전히 잔재해 있음을 알 수 있었다. 하지만 벨라미의 『뒤를 돌아보며』는 여성의 지위를 향상시키고, 모든 사람들이 평등하고 인간애가 넘치는 세계를 제시함으로써 19세기 미국인들에게 앞으로 나아갈 사회적 발전의 방향성과 희망을 제시하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 나아가 현대 사회에서는 이러한 젠더 불평등적인 요소가 사라졌는지에 대해서도 알아보았는데, 여전히 가사노동, 직장 및 사회생활에서 젠더 불평등적 요소들이 많이 남아 있었으며, 여성을 성상품화하는 사회현상을 통해 아직까지 완전한 젠더 평등이 이루어지고 있지 않음을 확인하였다. 따라서 여성과 남성의 차이가 차별이 되지 않도록 사회구성원들의 인식 개선과 사회정책의 변화가 이루어져 진정으로 젠더 평등한 사회가 될 수 있도록 모두 함께 노력해야 할 것이다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.41-53
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• 2004

Purpose : In an attempt to analyse gender-egalitarianism related to the general characteristics, sexual consciousness and behavior in middle school students, this study was carried out. This study will provide data that can be used to develop sexuality education programs on the basis of gender-egalitarianism. Method : The subjects were 141 students (70 boys and 71 girls) in 4 classes that were randomly selected from among 8 classes of first graders in a coeducational middle school, in Seoul. For the evaluation of gender-egalitarianism, a Gender Egalitarianism Scale modified by the researcher was used. Results : Major findings were as follows: 1. Gender-egalitarianism was significantly higher in girls compared with boys. All of the boys and girls, had high gender-egalitarianism in the aspect of woman's ability in groups without sexual discrimination, but low gender-egalitarianism in woman's sexual conversation and style of dress. 2. Gender-egalitarianism in boys who had experienced intersexual physical contact, categorized as holding hands, embracing, kissing, and petting, was significantly higher when compared with inexperienced boys. 3. Gender-egalitarianism significantly increased as the father's education level increased as well as the father's open-mindedness. Factors influencing gender-egalitarianism was social acceptance, the mass media, the attitudes of the school teachers, and the attitudes of older and younger student in school. Conclusions : Based on these results, boys' gender-egalitarianism was lower than that of girls. Systematic education on gender-egalitarianism, combined with sexuality education, is necessary for middle school students, especially boys. In the long term, social acceptable the, mass media, school and home life should be changed for the achievement of the equality of the sexes.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권9호
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• pp.229-239
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• 2020

This paper examines the impact of gender on access to debt finance among Vietnamese enterprises. The paper investigates data and variables retrieved from the World Bank Enterprise Survey dataset using five Probit models. The regression results suggest that there exist more unfavourable debt financing conditions for women-led firms (WLF), measured as a lower probability of having loan applications fully approved. Firm's age, working sector, and perception of access to finance as a difficulty are found to have explanatory power on the discrimination. More importantly, the perception of debt finance as a difficulty or firms' level of confidence significantly explains the variance of the dependent variable of probability of loan approval, or gender effect would be more pronounced if the firm already has a low level of confidence. The paper also contributes in testing for the gender effect on Vietnamese enterprises from different sectors and scale, unlike other prior research papers focusing on specific sectors and/or small and medium enterprises only. The findings are highly useful for Vietnamese credit institutions to set out a specific business policy to attract more WLFs and help promoting gender equality in the working environment, especially in debt financing, which is often neglected in existing regulation and policy frameworks.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.214-222
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• 2022

기업의 사회적 책임을 다하기 위해서는 고용평등을 실현해 가는 것이 중요하며, 그 성과를 가늠하기에 가장 적합한 지표는 성별임금격차이다. 우리나라는 OECD 회원국 중에서도 성별임금격차가 가장 심각한 국가로 꼽히고 있으나, 그동안 성별임금격차에 대한 연구는 노동시장의 구조, 정부의 정책, 산업과 같은 거시적 측면에서 설명하려는 시도가 주로 이어져 왔다. 본 연구는 성별임금격차에 영향을 주는 조직 내부요인 중에서도 최고경영자의 특성과 인사제도에 주목하였다. 최고경영자의 경영철학은 조직의 의사결정의 방향을 정하고 제도를 활성화시킨다. 또한 인사제도는 규칙과 절차를 통해 구성원들에게 공정하고 객관적인 조직운영을 가능하게 한다. 그러나 인사제도의 합리화를 추구하는 조직에서도 소수자가 소외되는 상황이 발생하고, 인사제도의 합리화가 기존 의도와는 달리 차별을 정당화시키는 수단으로 사용될 수 있다[1]. 본 연구에서는 합리적 인사제도가 긍정적인 영향을 미치기 위해서는 최고경영자의 경영철학에 기반하여 이뤄져야 함을 제안한다. 즉, 최고경영자의 특성과 합리적 인사제도의 통합적 관점에서 성별임금격차를 완화시킬 수 있는 메커니즘을 탐색하였다. 특히, 실질적으로 인력을 활용하는 기업 내부요인에 기반하여 성별임금격차를 살펴봄으로써 조직이 인사제도를 어떻게 운영해야 하는지에 대한 구체적인 함의를 제공하고자 한다.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1-30
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• 1998

Characteristics of Superior Children as a Screening Test of Gifted students The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of Korean version of checklist for behavioral characteristics of superior children as a screening test for gifted students. Total 397 children were tested KEDI-WISC (Korean version of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children), and their parents or primary caretakers took the checklists for behavioral characteristics of superior children individually. Total subjects were divided into 3 groups based on their Full IQ score of KEDI-WICS. The children of IQ 130 and over was gifted group, and those of IQ 115-130 was superior group, and those of below IQ 115 was average group. The analyses of behavioral checklist scores among the groups, gender, grades differences and item analysis of behavioral checklist were done for the purpose of discrimination among 3 groups. As a result, it was found that the Korean version of checklist for behavioral characteristics of superior children was very useful as a screening test for gifted correlations between checklist scores and verbal, performance and full IQ scores were significantly high, which means that IQ and checklist scores were very related. Twenty out of 50 items were found to be discrimination items between gifted and superior group. However, there was no significant difference between grades and gender on the checklist score.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.565-584
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• 2011

Objective: This study is examined the factors affecting forms of untreated experiences in persons with physical disability. Method: The data collected from 461 persons with physical disability in community. Based on the Behavioral Model of Andersen, predisposing, enabling, and need factors are hypothesized to affect persons with physical disability's untreated experiences. The data were analyzed by statistical methods such as frequency and multiple logistic regression analysis. Result: Participation rates of untreated experiences were 26.7%. The significant factors of persons with physical disability's untreated experiences are predisposing factors (gender, partner, and religion), enabling factors (income, private insurance, information of assistive device, disability discrimination, and subjective discrimination), and need factors(subjective health status health screening and chronic disease). Also untreated experiences related to gender, subjective health status, health screening, and chronic disease factors using multiple logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Implications of the findings were discussed and the recommendations for the improvement of health care utilization, subjective health statue. Especially, development of health education and program should be needed persons with physical disability.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.915-920
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• 2005

본 논문은 우리 나라 해운 기업에 있어서 여성인력활용의 저해요인과 개인능력, 성차별에 대한 인식을 조사함으로써, 여성인력의 중요성과 특수성을 검토하고 해운산업 내 여성인력 활용실태와 성차별을 진단하기 위한 것이다. 즉, 해운산업에 있어서의 여성인력의 활용과 그 저해요인, 개인능력 및 성차별에 대한 인식차이를 분석함으로써, 해운기업들의 여성 인적자원관리상의 문제점과 그 해결방안을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 결론적으로 우리 나라 해운기업들의 인식에 있어서, 실증조사결과, 우리 나라 해운기업들의 인식에 있어서, 여성인력활용의 고용저해요인과 개인능력 및 성차별정도에 대해 남녀간에 통계적으로 유의적인 인식의 차이가 있었다. 그리고 여성인력의 성차별은 직무성과에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 실증분석 되었다. 즉 해운 산업특유의 여성인력활용에 대한 배타적 인식의 수정이 시급히 요구되는 결과를 보이고 있다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.671-681
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• 2019

수사경찰관들은 업무 특성상 사건의 진위를 가려내기 위한 과정에서 지나친 의심을 지닐 가능성이 높고, 이는 2차피해로 이어질 우려가 있으며, 실제로 이러한 우려가 종종 사회적 문제로 드러나기도 한다. 이 연구는 '성폭력수사를 담당하는 경찰관들이 2차피해를 유발하는 요인은 무엇인가?'라는 연구문제를 제시하였다. 아울러 탐색된 영향요인들에 대한 해결방안을 모색하여 수사과정에서의 성폭력 2차피해를 방지 또는 최소화하여 경찰의 신뢰회복에 긍정적으로 기여하고자 함에 그 목적이 있다. 연구결과, 경찰공무원 개인적 특성 중에서 강간통념, 폭력허용도, 적대적 성차별이 의심과 편견에 영향을 미쳤으며, 민감성부족에는 강간통념과 적대적 성차별이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 직장관련 특성 중에서는 재직기간과 성폭력 사건 담당경험이 민감성 부족에 영향을 주는 것으로 조사되었다. 성폭력사건 수사과정에서 2차피해를 감소 예방하기 위해서는 성폭력 사건 관련 법 개정과 제도 개선뿐만 아니라 담당 경찰관들의 성인지감수성을 높이는 것이 중요함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대순사상논총
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• 제21권
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• pp.255-284
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• 2013

There are many discourses about 'religion and women,' but it is no exaggeration to say that there is none about 'religion and men.' This is because the existing religions have been male-centric and have produced legions of male-dominated cultures. In Catholic Church, even today, only men can become the Pope, and women are not allowed to enter priesthood. Meanwhile, in the Islamic cultural areas, the reality is that women are being victimized by men who do not recognize the bad habits such as honor killings, or honor crimes. It is certain that gender discrimination in religious and cultural areas cannot be overlooked. This study focuses on the understanding of women in the thought of Daesoonjinrihoe(大巡眞理會), that is, the Daesoon Thought, which claims to advocate world peace. Daesoonjinrihoe is understood as a thought which tries to overcome gender discrimination prevalent in the existing religions and presents the vision of a new religion which aims to realize a new world of peace by drawing a distinction between the Former Heaven and the Latter Heaven. This study examines the understanding of women by looking at the tenet of Daesoonjinrihoe that consists of 'YeumYangHapDeok(陰陽合德), SinInJoHwa(神人調化), HaeWon-SangSaeng(解冤相生), DoTongJinGyeong(道通眞境).' The tenet is thought of as the basis of creed on which the understanding of women by the Daesoon Thought can be grasped as it basically contains the essence of teaching of the order. In the Daesoon Thought, women have the same status as men; women can become holy and dignified beings by engaging in independent, active, and autonomous spiritual exercises, and serve as a driving force for the realization of the ideal world. This understanding of women by the Daesoon Thought contains the idea of peace which can turn 'the culture of discrimination' into 'the culture of equality,' and 'the culture of life destruction' into 'the culture of life care.'

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the gender division of housework in the Choson period. The gender division in the Choson period has been considered as discriminative because women had to remain indoors and were excluded in social works. But in fact the Confucian idea, which regulated the relation between women and men, emphasized the gender difference and not gender discrimination. Actually it can be seen in genre painting of Choson period that women and men worked complimentarily indoors. So this article intends to explore the possibilities of the new analysis of the traditional gender division of housework by reviewing the paintings. As the results indicate, men in the Choson period were involved in some housework, in contrast to the common idea that they maintained their authority by not participating housework. There is also some evidence that gender division benefited women to protect their own productive territory or to satisfy their needs. So it is suggested that gender division in the Choson period should be considered as a source of power as well as a disadvantage to women. Forth, the employed mens' reemployment decision was affected from their household income, expected income after retirement, pension ownership, and attitude toward retirement. From the findings, it can be concluded that the employed mens' age, economic status, and attitude toward retirement played a important role in the process of retirement and reemployment decision making.