• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.140-150
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• 2002

Objectives: The water extract of Omija-tang (OMIT) has traditionally been used for treatment of ischemic heart and brain damage in oriental medicine. However, little is known about the mechanism by which the water extract of OMJT rescues cells from these damages. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the protective mechanisms of OMJT on oxidative stress-induced toxicity in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells. Methods: Treatments of $H_2O_2$, or $ZnC_{12}$ markedly induced death of H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells in a dose-dependent manner. The characteristics of oxidative stress-induced death of H9c2 showed apparent apoptotic features such as DNA fragmentation. OMJT significantly reduced both ${H_2O_2}-induced$ cell death and chromatin fragmentation. The decrease of B치-XL expression by $H_2O_2$ were inhibited by OMJT. In addition, the increase of Bcl-XS expression was also inhibited by OMJT. In particular, Fas expression, which is generally recognized as cell death-inducing signal by Fas/FasL interaction, was markedly increased by H2O2 in a time-dependent manner. Also, the expression profile of proteins in Chang cells were screened by using two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis. Among 300 spots resolved in 2-D gels; the comparison of control versus apoptotis cells revealed that signal intensity of 6 spots decreased and 11 spots increased. Results and Conclusions: Taken together, this study suggests that the protective effects of the water extract of OMJT against oxidative damages may be mediated by the modulation of Bcl-XL/S Fas expression.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.859-863
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• 2003

The effects of shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes) on texture properties of surimi gel were investigated. Surimi gels containing 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% (w/w) of shiitake mushroom were prepared, and then color, rheological properties, and sensory evaluation were analyzed. Increasing the amount of mushroom in the fish paste tended to decrease the lightness in Hunter color value, but to increase the redness and yellowness. All test samples with 3 mm thickness had good flexibility and did not break even after 4 times folds. The sample containing 20% mushroom showed the highest values in strength, hardness, gumminess and brittleness. In sensory evaluation, the higher amounts of mushroom obtained favorite score in color and flavor, and 10% mushroom sample had the best score in overall acceptance. These results suggest that shiitake mushroom can be applied to fish paste for the purpose of high quality.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.307-312
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• 2007

The present study was carried out to investigate differentially expressed chicken muscle proteins using proteomics approach. More than 300 protein spots were investigated for the muscle samples in 2DE gels and the differentially expressed protein spots between pectoralis and peroneus longus muscles from Cornish and White Leghorn breeds were characterized by MALDI-TOF. In pectoralis muscles, PGAM1 protein was detected as differentially expressed between White Leghorn and Cornish breeds. On the other hand, 4 protein spots (SP22, nxf-2, SOD1, TNNI2) were differentially expressed between White Leghorn and Cornish breeds in peroneus longus muscles. These proteins assumed to be related with muscle development, growth, stress, and movements in chicken. In this experimental process, 2D reference map of the chicken muscle proteins was needed and 25 proteins, which were commonly expressed in both pectoralis and peroneus longus muscles in both breeds, were selected and characterized. Upon finishing the exact roles of the differentially expressed proteins, the identified 5 proteins will be used as valuable information for the fundamental mechanisms of muscle biology and underline genetics.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.211-215
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• 2002

The baculovirus/Sf9 cell expression can be employed as a powerful system for producing large amounts of the human erythrocyte glucose transporter, GLUT1 heterologously In order to exploit the system further, it is necessary to develop a convenient method for demonstrating that the transporter expressed in insect cells is biologically active. To achieve this, we have expressed the human CLUT1 in insect cells and photolabelled the expressed protein with [$^3$H] cytochalasin B, a potent inhibitor of the human erythrocyte glucose transporter. Subsequently, the labelled proteins were analysed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Membranes labelled with [$^3$H] cytochalasln B in the presence of L-Glucose yielded a single sharp peak of labelling of apparent $M_r$ 45,000 on SDS/polyacrylamide gels. The mobility of this peak corresponded exactly to that of the band detected by anti-glucose transporter antibodies on Western blots of membranes prepared from insect cells infected with recombinant virus. In addition, the sharpness of the radioactive peak provides further evidence for the conclusion that the expressed protein is much less heavily and heterogeneously glycosylated than its erythrocyte counterpart. No peak of labelling was seen with the membranes prepared from non-infected Sf9 cells. Furthermore, the incorporation of label into this peak was completely inhibited by the presence of 500 mM-D-Glucose during tile photolabelling procedure, showing the stereoselectivity of the labelling. These evidences clearly show that human glucose transporter expressed in insect cells exhibits native-like biological activity, and that photolabelling with [$^3$H] cytochalasin B can be a convenient means for analysing the biological activity of the transport protein expressed in insect cells.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.179-184
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• 2002

Polymer electrolyte films consisting of poly (vinylidenefluoride-hexafluoro-propylene) (PVdF-HFP) $H_3PO_4$and a mixture of ethylene carbonate(EC), $\gamma$-butyrolactone(BL) and dimethylcarbonate (DMC) were examined in order to obtain the best compromise between high protonic conductivity, homogeniety and dimensional stability. Measurements of differential scanning calorimetry and ionic conductivity have been carried out for various compositions. The highest proton conductivity of 7.3 $\times$$10^{-3}Sm^{-1}$ at $30^{\circ}C$ were obtained for a film of 30(PVdF-HFP) + 50EC/DMC + 20H$_3$PO$_4$. From the thermal study, it has been found that the PVdF-HFP gels are stable up to $80^{\circ}C$, and the $H_3PO_4$ enhances the miscibility of the polymer and the solvent by interacting sensitively with polymer segments.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.97-106
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• 2015

Platycodon grandiflorum, commonly known as Doraji in Korea, has a wide range of pharmacologic properties, such as reducing adiposity and hyperlipidemia, and antiatherosclerotic effects. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. In order to profile proteins from the nodal segment, callus, root and shoot, high throughput proteome approach was executed in the present study. Two dimensional gels stained with CBB, a total of 84 differential expressed proteins were confirmed out of 839 protein spots using image analysis by Progenesis SameSpot software. Out of total differential expressed spots, 58 differential expressed protein spots (${\geq}$ 2-fold) were analyzed using MASCOT search engine according to the similarity of sequences with previously characterized proteins along with the UniProt database. Out of 58 differential expressed protein, 32 protein spots were up-regulated such as ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, endoplasmic oxidoreductin-1, heat stress transcription factor A3, RNA pseudourine synthase 4, cysteine proteinase, GntR family transcriptional regulator, E3 xyloglucan 6-xylosyltransferase, while 26 differential protein spots were down-regulated such as L-ascorbate oxidase precursor, late embryogenesis abundant protein D-34, putative SCO1 protein, oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 3. However, frequency distribution of identified proteins using iProClass databases, and assignment by function based on gene ontology revealed that the identified proteins from the explants were mainly associated with the nucleic acid binding (17%), transferase activity (14%) and ion binding (12%). In that way, the exclusive protein profile may provide insight clues for better understanding the characteristics of proteins and metabolic activity in various explants of the economically important medicinal plant Platycodon grandiflorum.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.359-363
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• 2014

Soybean seed is a good source of plant protein in human consumables such as baby formula and protein concentrate. The seeds contain an abundance of storage proteins, namely ${\beta}$-conglycin and glycinin that account for ~ 70-80% of the total seed protein content. Proteome profiling has been proved to be an efficient way that can help us to investigate the seed storage proteins. In the present study, the seeds were removed from the pods and the cotylendonary tissues were separated from the testa for proteome analysis in order to investigate the seed storage proteins. A systematic proteome profiling was conducted through one-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by MALDI-TOF-TOF mass spectrometry in the seeds (cotyledonary tissue) of soybean genotypes. Two dimensional gels stained with CBB, a total of 10 proteins were identified and analyzed using MASCOT search engine according to the similarity of sequences with previously characterized proteins along with the UniProt database. A total of ten proteins such as glycinin Gy4 precursor, glycinin G3 precursor, glycinin G1 precursor, glycinin chain A2B1a precursor, glycinin chain A2B1a precursor were identified in our investigation. However, the glycinin subunit may be considered to play important roles in soybean breeding and biochemical characterization. In addition, the improved technique will be useful to dissect the genetic control of glycinin expression in soybean.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.203-211
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• 2010

Advancements in the field of proteomics have provided great opportunities for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic tools against human diseases. In this study, we analyzed haptoglobin and amyloid A protein levels of vivax malaria patients with combinations of depletion of the abundant plasma proteins, 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), image analysis, and mass spectrometry in the plasma between normal healthy donors and vivax malaria patients. The results showed that the expression level of haptoglobin had become significantly lower or undetectable in the plasma of vivax malaria patients due to proteolytic cleavage when compared to healthy donors on 2-DE gels. Meanwhile, serum amyloid A protein was significantly increased in vivax malaria patient's plasma with high statistical values. These 2 proteins are common acute phase reactants and further large scale evaluation with a larger number of patient's will be necessary to establish the possible clinical meaning of the existential changes of these proteins in vivax malaria patients. However, our proteomic analysis suggests the feasible values of some plasma proteins, such as haptoglobin and serum amyloid A, as associating factor candidates for vivax malaria.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.1152-1157
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• 1998

In this study, an attempt was made to obtain the optimum setting condition of frozen mackerel surimi prepared from alkaline washing under atmospheric, 660 and 560 mmHg pressure. Mackerel surimi were incubated at 15, 25, 35 and $45^{\circ}C$ for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 hr, respectively, followed by heating at $90^{\circ}C$ for 25 min to be cooked gel. The qualities of surimi gels were examined by analyzing the transglutaminase (TGase) activity, gel strength and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For the preparation of mackerel surimi gel, optimum condition of setting was incubation at $35^{\circ}C$ for 6 hr.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.20-27
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• 2015

Background Hypertrophic scars and keloids are associated with abnormal levels of growth factors. Silicone gel sheets are effective in treating and preventing hypertrophic scars and keloids. There has been no report on the change in growth factors in the scar tissue following the use of silicone gel sheeting for scar prevention. A prospective controlled trial was performed to evaluate whether growth factors are altered by the application of a silicone gel sheet on a fresh surgical scar. Methods Four of seven enrolled patients completed the study. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-${\beta}1$, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were investigated immunohistochemically in biopsies taken from five scars at 4 months following surgery. Results In both the epidermis and the dermis, the expression of TGF-${\beta}1$ (P=0.042 and P=0.042) and PDGF (P=0.043 and P=0.042) was significantly lower in the case of silicone gel sheet-treated scars than in the case of untreated scars. The expression of bFGF in the dermis was significantly higher in the case of silicone gel sheet-treated scars than in the case of untreated scars (P=0.042), but in the epidermis, the expression of bFGF showed no significant difference between the groups (P=0.655). Conclusions The levels of TGF-${\beta}1$, PDGF, and bFGF are altered by the silicone gel sheet treatment, which might be one of the mechanisms of action in scar prevention.