• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제26권9호
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• pp.1347-1356
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 소자의 크기에 따른 코발트-저마늄 박막 기반의 galvanic cell의 특성을 조사하고, 이를 물 접촉 감지에 활용하기 위한 아두이노 기반 사물인터넷 센서 네트워크에의 적용을 제시한다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 코발트 저마늄 박막 기반 galvanic cell은 기존의 압전, 열전 에너지 하베스팅 소자와 다르게, 소자의 손상을 줄 수 있는 기계적인 변형이나 온도 구배를 필요로 하지 않는다는 점에서, 자가발전 센서 네트워크를 구축하는데 있어 더욱 적합한 에너지 하베스팅 소자로 적합하다. 본 연구는 스퍼터링 방식으로 증착된 코발트-저마늄 박막 기반의 galvanic cell을 센서로 활용함으로써 향후 자가발전 센서 네트워크의 실현 가능성에 대해 논의함으로써 향후 연구, 개발될 발전된 형태의 센서 네트워크 구축에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2005

This work dealt with the evaluation of galvanic corrosion rate in a corrosion cell having annular gap of 0.5 mm between carbon steel 1018 and alloy 600 as a function of temperature and boron concentration. Temperature and boron concentration were ranged from 110 to 300 $^{\circ}C$ and 2000~10000 ppm, respectively. After the operating temperature of the corrosion cell where the electrolyte was injected was attained at setting temperature, galvanic coupling was made and at the same time galvanic current was measured. The galvanic corrosion rate decreased with time, which was described by corrosion product such as protective film as well as boric acid deposit formed on the carbon steel with time. From the galvanic current obtained as a function of temperature and boron concentration, it was found that the galvanic corrosion rate decreased with temperaturewhilethe corrosionrate increasedwith boronconcentration. The experimental resultsobtained from galvanic corrosion measurement were explained by adhesive property of corrosion product such as protective film, boric acid deposit formed on the carbon steel wall and dehydration of boric acid to be slightlysolubleboric acid phase.Moreoverthe galvaniccorrosionrate calculatedusing initialgalvaniccoupling current instead of steady state coupling current was remarked, which could give us relatively closer galvanic corrosion rate to real pressurized water reactor.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.389-401
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• 2010

이 연구는 화학전지가 외부 회로와 연결되어 있을때 화학전지 외부와 내부의 전극에 대한 인식을 H대학교 교육대학원에 재학 중인 물리학 전공 교사와 화학 전공 교사를 대상으로 검사와 면담을 통해 조사하였다. 화학전지 외부와 내부의 전극 결정에서 물리학전공 교사들과 화학 전공 교사들의 결정이 차이가 났다. 물리학 전공 교사는 화학전지 내부 전극에 대한 명명에 어려움을 많이 가지고 있었고, 화학 전공 교사는 화학전지 외부 전극에 대한 명명에 어려움을 많이 가지고 있었다. 전극 결정의 이유로 대부분의 물리학 전공 교사는 전자의 이동 방향을 제시하였고, 대부분의 화학 전공 교사는 산화 환원 반응을 제시하였다. 이는 교사들의 학부전공이 이론적 배경으로 강하게 작용하는 것을 의미한다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.275-278
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• 2003

Antioxidative activity is an important factor in inhibiting oxidative stress. The usual methods for determining antioxidative activity are time-consuming and cumbersome. They are also indirect processes that use biological material such as brain or liver microsome. This study therefore proposed a new method. Redoxpotential was determined using galvanic cell with or without the addition of various antioxidants or herbal extracts in zinc sulfate solution. The result was compared with the results from the TBA method and the peroxide value from sodium thiosulfate titration. All methods showed significant and dose-dependent enhancement of antioxidative activity by adding ascorbic acid, quercetin, ginseng, or gingko biloba extract. The result of redox potential using galvanic cell showed the smallest standard deviation and took the shortest time among the three methods. Therefore, the antioxidative potential of chemical substances and herbal extracts can be determined simply, directly and accurately in a short period of time using galvanic cell.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.279-284
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• 2016

선광 및 제련과 같은 광산활동 과정에 발생하는 광미는 고농도의 중금속을 함유하고 있고, 그 중 황철석을 함유한 광미는 광산주변 수계 및 토양 오염의 주요 원인이다. 이러한 황철석을 함유한 광미의 무해화를 위해 화학전지 (연료전지)의 개념을 활용할 수 있다. 화학전지에서 황철석의 자발적인 산화, 즉, 갈바닉 산화를 통해 황철석이 용해되면서 $Fe^{3+}$와 황산이 생성되어 pH가 감소하게 된다. 이는 황철석 함유 광미 내 중금속의 용출 촉진 효과를 가져올 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 $23^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 4주 간 산성용액과 갈바닉 반응기를 이용해 황철석을 처리하며 총 용존 철 농도와 용액의 pH를 확인하였다. 또한 주사전자현미경을 이용해 처리 후 황철석 표면을 관찰하였다. 갈바닉 반응기를 이용한 황철석의 용해가 산성용액을 이용한 황철석의 용해에 비해 약 2.9배 높은 총 철을 용출시킨 것을 확인하였고, pH 저감 효과도 더 큰 것을 확인하였다. 또한 표면 분석 결과 갈바닉 반응기 내에서 반응한 황철석의 표면에서 더 많은 홈을 발견되었다. 본 연구를 통해 갈바닉 산화에 의해 황철석의 용해가 촉진된 것을 확인하였으며, 갈바닉 산화가 황철석 함유 광미의 무해화 기술로 사용될 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2003

Generally, material for radiator of automobile is composed of Al-alloy, but part of radiator material is still composed of Cu. Specially, Al-alloy replaces Cu and Cu-alloy as cooling and heating system material for light weight. Therefore, galvanic electronic cell is formed between Al-alloy and Cu for automobile radiator material, and Al-alloy corrosion is accelerated. So, in this study, galvanic corrosion test of Al-alloy coupling with Cu was carried out in distilled water, tap water, polluted environment and non-freezing solution. And thus corrosion potential and galvanic currrent density of Al-alloy coupling with Cu is investigated.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.163-172
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• 1996

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.204-206
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• 1998

The Gibbs free energy of formation of $BaThO_3$ from elemental oxides has been measured at temperatures between 853 and 903 K using a $CaF_2$ solid electrolyte galvanic cell. The galvanic cell consisted of Pt, $O_2, CaO+CaF_2 \parallel CaF_2 \parallelBaThO_3+ThO_2+BaF_2, O_2$, Pt EMF gave the standard Gibbs free energy for the reaction $CaF_2+BaThO_3=CaO+BaF_2+ThO_3$ as $\DeltaG^o$,/TEX>=124111.031-117.597 T(J/mol).

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.172-177
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• 2015

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to evaluate cell toxicity due to ion release caused by galvanic corrosion as a result of contact between base metal and titanium. MATERIALS AND METHODS. It was hypothesized that Nickel (Ni)-Chromium (Cr) alloys with different compositions possess different corrosion resistances when contacted with titanium abutment, and therefore in this study, specimens ($10{\times}10{\times}1.5mm$) were fabricated using commercial pure titanium and 3 different types of Ni-Cr alloys (T3, Tilite, Bella bond plus) commonly used for metal ceramic restorations. The specimens were divided into 6 groups according to the composition of Ni-Cr alloy and contact with titanium. The experimental groups were in direct contact with titanium and the control groups were not. After the samples were immersed in the culture medium - Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium[DMEM] for 48 hours, the released metal ions were detected using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) and analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test (P<.05). Mouse L-929 fibroblast cells were used for cell toxicity evaluation. The cell toxicity of specimens was measured by the 3-{4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl}-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test. Results of MTT assay were statistically analyzed by the two-way ANOVA test (P<.05). Post-hoc multiple comparisons were conducted using Tukey's tests. RESULTS. The amount of metal ions released by galvanic corrosion due to contact between the base metal alloy and titanium was increased in all of the specimens. In the cytotoxicity test, the two-way ANOVA showed a significant effect of the alloy type and galvanic corrosion for cytotoxicity (P<.001). The relative cell growth rate (RGR) was decreased further on the groups in contact with titanium (P<.05). CONCLUSION. The release of metal ions was increased by galvanic corrosion due to contact between base metal and titanium, and it can cause adverse effects on the tissue around the implant by inducing cytotoxicity.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제59권11호
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• pp.2026-2031
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• 2010

The electrical characteristics of galvanic cell which is composed of the cathode electrode(graphite, carbon and copper) and the anode electrode(Zn and Mg) were investigated. For this research as electrolyte 2~12 wt% NaCl aqueous solution were used. At graphite cathode electrodes which use Zn and Mg with the anode electrode, the open circuit voltage was 1.3V most highly. The maximum output power increased as the electrolyte concentration increased, due to a increase in ion density. When Zn and Mg with the anode electrode, the maximum output power respectively was evaluated as 2.2mW and 5.5mW about the graphite cathode electrode in the NaCl 4wt%. The research results indicated that the output power of cell which is composed with graphite with the cathode and Mg with the anode was most excellent and the efficiency of the cell could be enhanced by increasing the electrolyte concentration.