• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.79-90
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• 2003

The purposes of this study are to compare data for work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) between Korea and USA, and to investigate status of WMSDs for industrial safety managers. The first part of this study was based on statistical data annually published by Minister of Labor of Korea and Bureau of Labor Statistics of USA. The latter was performed by using questionnaire survey for industrial safety managers in two regions. The results showed that the WMSDs incidence rate was significantly lower in Korea than in USA, and that there is big difference in the distribution of occupational illness by category of illness between Korea and USA. The questionnaire survey revealed that knowledge level about WMSDs was significantly affected depending upon corresponding companies' location and size, and that the low back pain was the most prevalent illness among varying WMSDs symptoms, followed by tendonitis/tenosynovitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, and tennis elbow. Based on this study, it is recommended that the future education/training for WMSDs focus on their preventative measures, methods/tools for identifying their risk factors, and diagnostic criteria for judging suspicious symptoms for industrial accidents, and that the governmental policy for WMSDs be changed towards financial supporting for preventive facilities, establishing objective diagnostic criteria and training for WMSDs.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.20-31
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore ways to define the concept of health inequality. Methods: The concept analysis process by Walker and Avant was used to clarify the meaning of health inequality. Results: Defining attributes of health inequality included differences in health status between individuals or groups, infringement of fundamental rights to health, unfair use of medical services, and social discrimination. The antecedents of health inequality included differences in demographic characteristics (age, gender, education, occupation, residential location), limitations in accessibility to health care, and social exclusion. Consequences of health inequality were increased costs for medical care, decreased health-related quality of life, and lack of ability to cope with health problems resulting in crisis situations, increases in morbidity and mortality, and shortening of life span. The concept was clarified through presentation of model, borderline, related, and contrary cases. Conclusion: Results of this study can be used to guide the direction of future studies through concept analysis in which conceptual attributes in the context of health inequality are examined. Also, based on the result of this study, development of standardized tools to measure health inequality is recommended as well as development of educational programs to reduce health inequalities.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.131-141
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• 2010

This paper aims to review how pre-processing facility of agricultural products can be established and operated. First of all, industry and its enterprises of pre-processing agricultural products are analyzed from the national perspective. Especially, five well-known pre-processing business units operated by producers' organizations are introduced including Ansung Machoom Agricultural Cooperative. Changwon City in Gyeongnam Province was chosen for a case study. Demand for local agricultural products by school feeding and other institutional food service in Changwon area is estimated and it is compared with the supply of agricultural products produced in the region. Questionnaire survey was done for school nutritionists and the main results are summarized. In the final stage, basic ideas for pre-processing facility of agricultural products in Changwon area are proposed considering the previous analyses. These ideas include size of the facility, participants and scope of the business, and location. Virtual profitability analysis is also conducted for the facility. Some suggestions for the proposed facility to be more successful in the future are suggested at the conclusion.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 2006

Replacement of actual stress distribution in a reinforced concrete (RC) flexural member with a simpler geometrical shape, which maintains magnitude and location of the resultant compressive force, is an acceptable conceptual trick. This concept was originally perfected for normal strength concrete. In recent years, high strength concrete (HSC) has been introduced and widely used in modern construction. The stress block parameters require updating to account for special features of HSC in the design of flexural members. In future, more varieties of concrete may be developed and a corresponding design procedure of RC flexural members will be required. The usual practice is to conduct large number of experiments on various sizes of specimen and then evolve an empirical relation. This paper presents a numerical procedure through which the stress block parameters can be numerically derived for a given strain ratio variation. The material model for concrete is presented and computational procedure is described. This procedure is illustrated with several variations of strain ratio. The advantages of numerical procedure are that it costs less and it can be used with new material models for any new variety of concrete.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.127-136
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• 2006

The intent of this study is to propose future planning guidelines and directions of the mixed-use buildings in the residential land development district in country-side cities, based on the concept that the neighborhood facilities are to be strategically laid out in a convenient location and planned in a proper manner for a healthy, safe, friendly and new neighborhood environment. For this purpose, seventeen mixed-use buildings which had been built in Shin-Eum housing development district in Gimcheon from 1995 until 2004 were chosen and investigated in terms of architectural characteristics in that process with surveying and analyzing those. The scope of investigation on case studies was that site size would be below 400 square meters, total area below 1500 square meters, and the number of stories below five stories high on the ground. Method of investigation on those was through field investigation, field photographs, recordings and drawings on those. Investigative contents have been divided and analyzed into the quantitative and qualitative factors in urban and architectural dimension. From results of quantitative investigations, five planning guidelines or directions could be obtained. From results of qualitative investigations, five planning guidelines or directions could be obtained. The criteria will be applied to new architectural developments of the neighborhood facilities linked with the small shops.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.1 s.73
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• pp.161-172
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to grasp actual status and needs of leisure of middle age. The questionnaire survey is used, the subjects are middle age from 40$\~$50's living in seoul. The questionnaire consists of leisure conscious, leisure actual condition, leisure satisfaction and need. Frequency, percent, average, $x^2_test$ and ANOVA are used for data analysis. The results of this study are as following; First, leisure is necessary to elevate quality of life in terms of spiritual, psychological stability and physical health. Second, the subjects are not satisfied with current leisure for unsufficiency of leisure time, cost, facility and program. Third, present leisure behavior characteristics are restrictive and passive. In the near future, however, they showed desire to engage in fivers forms of leisure including active and participant leisure. Fourth, even though current main areas for leisure activity are in their house, they are more likely to change from in the house to around and near there house.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.973-980
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• 2011

In this paper, we gaze upon the movement faces the problem points are difficult to identify a user based on points and that corrective action is needed to solve the identification system is proposed a new eye. Kalman filter, the current head of the location information was used to estimate the future position in order to determine the authenticity of the face facial features and structural elements, the information and the processing time is relatively fast horizontal and vertical elements of the face using the histogram analysis to detect. And an infrared illuminator obtained by constructing a bright pupil effect in real-time detection of the pupil, the pupil was tracked - geulrinteu vectors are extracted.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.43-51
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• 2011

Currently the locations of Unpleasant Facilities, especially surrounding the site selections, have been causing conflicts among the national government, many local governments and local residents. These Unpleasant Facilities must be necessary facilities for people's modern cultural lives, but there is no obvious solution that will make us all pleasant for the locations of them until now. In this study, we'll focused on applying the Floating architecture, one of the variety of marine structures, as an alternative location of Public service facilities accommodating Unpleasant Facilities which are classified as public service facilities. Of course, there should be beforehand studies in which we can define Unpleasant Facilities and analyse the conflicts surrounding the locations of them, and we can suggest that applying the Floating architecture should be the very solution to solve all these problems together. And as our main study, we should research and develop the structure and construction, maintenance and management of the Floating architecture which will be applied to the Unpleasant Facilities, together with the environmental considerations of their emergence on the waters. In future, to secure Unpleasant Facilities sites will become more and more difficult, and so Various kinds of public service facilities will have to be the subject to the floating construction.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.39-47
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• 2000

This study is to investigate the conditions closely related to the establishment of vegetation in the riparian zone: the soil condition, an important factor along with climate and light. Especially, the soil structure of the microtopographical formations in the specific area known as the riparian microtopographical zone investigated. In addition, the effect of the riparian microtopographical features on the ground water level, soil moisture content, and vegetation was studied. The results of this study are as follows; 1) At all sample sites, below the sand layer, a gravel layer is always present. This is the result of past floods. 2) Although Salix koreensis experiences frequent disturbances such as increase in river level and floods, this vegetation establishes itself in the most secure are in the microtopographical zone. 3) The growth of Phragmites japonica is closely related to the underground water level. 4) It is clear that Miscanthus sacchariflorus grows concentrated in dry areas. 5) The soil accumulation conditions differ according to the soil moisture content of each microtopgraphical feature. Accordingly, the moisture content of the soil is clearly different within the microtopographical zone. The continuous and long-term investigation and research on the relation of riparian reproduction and the relevance with location surrounding factors are necessary in the future.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.31-37
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• 2017

Recently Drone technology is emerging as an alternative new way of distribution systems services. Amazon, Google which are global network chain distribution companies are developing an idea of Drone based delivery service and applied for patent for Drone distribution systems in USA. In this paper, we investigate a way to adopt Drone system to Air Cargo logistics, in particular, drone system based on combination of Light ID and RFID technology in the management procedure in stock warehouse. Also we explain the expected impact of Drone systems to customs declaration process. In this paper, we address the investigated limitations of Drone by the Korean Aviation Act as well as suggest the directions of future research for application of Drone to Air logistics industry with investigated limitations.