• Wind and Structures
• /
• v.10 no.6
• /
• pp.495-510
• /
• 2007

Wind pressure data have been collected on the tiled roof of a full-scale test house at Silsoe in the UK. The tiled roof was of conventional UK construction with a batten-space and bitumen-felt underlay beneath the interlocking concrete tiles. Pressures were monitored on the outer surface of selected tiles, at several locations within the batten-space, and beneath the underlay. Data were collected both with and without ventilator tiles installed on the roof. Little information appears to exist on the share of wind load between tiles and underlays which creates uncertainty in the design of both components. The present study has found that for the critical design case of maximum uplifts it would be appropriate to assign 85% of the net roof load to the tiles and 15% to the underlay when an internal pressure coefficient of -0.3 is used, and to assign 60% to the tiles and 50% to the underlay when an internal pressure coefficient of +0.2 is assumed (an element of design conservatism is inherent in the apparent 110% net loading indicated by the latter pair of percentage values). These findings indicate that compared with loads implied by BS 6399-2, UK design loads for underlay are currently conservative by 25% whilst tile loads are unconservative by around 20% in ridge and general regions and by around 45% in edge regions on average over roof slopes of $15^{\circ}-60^{\circ}$.

• Genomics & Informatics
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.5.1-5.5
• /
• 2020

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have caused severe respiratory disease and death in poultry and human beings. Although most of the avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are of low pathogenicity and cause mild infections in birds, some subtypes including hemagglutinin H5 and H7 subtype cause HPAI. Therefore, sensitive and accurate subtyping of AIV is important to prepare and prevent for the spread of HPAI. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) can analyze the full-length sequence information of entire AIV genome at once, so this technology is becoming a more common in detecting AIVs and predicting subtypes. However, an analysis pipeline of NGS-based AIV sequencing data, including AIV subtyping, has not yet been established. Here, in order to support the pre-processing of NGS data and its interpretation, we developed a user-friendly tool, named prediction of avian influenza virus subtype (PAIVS). PAIVS has multiple functions that support the pre-processing of NGS data, reference-guided AIV subtyping, de novo assembly, variant calling and identifying the closest full-length sequences by BLAST, and provide the graphical summary to the end users.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
• /
• v.28 no.10
• /
• pp.541-547
• /
• 2001

Testing a core-based designed chip requires a full isolation ring to provide fro core test data access to each core. A partial isolation ring replaces the full isolation ring reducing total isolation ring size surrounding. This paper proposes an efficient method to reduce the size of the partial isolation ring and shorten the time to acquire the final solution. For this, a reasonable ordering technique according to testability is introduced and a sorting technique is adopted to reduce the total solution time. Experimental results show that the proposed method can be useful in practice.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
• /
• v.15 no.7
• /
• pp.520-523
• /
• 2009

There are many ways to judge whether the input image is adult-image or not. Until now, adult image detection has been examined by the ratio of skin area in full image. In this paper, we propose a method to extract skin region in YCbCr. Skin region shows unique distribution in YCbCr, and we will separate the skin region from background using the distribution. First, we are going to find Eye zone using Eye-Map. Then we will find out the color value for the distribution of skin region using the color of Eye zone. Next, we will find the distribution of the area through the skin region in full-image.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.56-62
• /
• 2002

A new high speed and low voltage swing on-chip BUS using threshold voltage swing driver and dual sense amplifier receiver is proposed. The threshold voltage swing driver reduces the rising time in the bus to 30% of the full CMOS inverter driver and the dual sense amplifier receiver increases twice the throughput. of the conventional reduced-swing buses using sense amplifier receiver. With threshold voltage swing driver and dual sense amplifier receiver combined, approximately 60% speed improvement and 75% power reduction are achieved in the proposed scheme compared to the conventional full CMOS inverter for the on-chip bus.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.313-323
• /
• 1999

현재 컴퓨터 시장에서는 버스에 기반한 시스템이 주류를 이루고 있다. 프로세서의 속도가 매우 빠른 속도로 증가하고 있기 때문에 버스는 병목현상을 일으키고 , 버스의 속도는 불완전한 전송선의 한계로 인해서 제한된다. 시스템 연구자들은 버스를 고속의 단방향 지점간 링크(point-to-point link)를 사용해서 대체하려고 하고 있다. 이 논문에서 새로운 링 구조의 시스템(PANDA)을 제안하고,이 시스템에 적합한 스누핑 캐쉬 일관성 프로토콜을 제사한다. 또한 제안된 시스템은 SCI 캐쉬 일관성 프로토콜을 채택하는 시스템의 네트워크 인터페이스를 수정함으로써 쉽게 구현될 수 있는 이점을 지닌다. 확률적 모델링과 program-driven simulator를 이용하여 제안된 시스템과 full map 디렉토리 프로토콜을 사용하는 시스템과 스누핑 프로토콜을 사용하는 슬롯 링 시스템(Express Ring)을 분석하였다. 실험의 결과로 제안된 시스템은 부가적 하드웨어가 필요한 full map 디렉토리 시스템에 비해서 대등한 성능을 지니고 슬롯링 시스템에 비해서는 29%까지의 성능향상을 보인다.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.282-291
• /
• 2010

This paper presents a full-CMOS transmitter and receiver for VDSL2 systems. The transmitter part consists of the low-pass filter, programmable gain amplifier (PGA) and 14-bit DAC. The receiver part consists of the low-pass filter, variable gain amplifier (VGA), and 13-bit ADC. The low pass filter and PGA are designed to support the variable data rate. The RC bank sharing architecture for the low pass filter has reduced the chip size significantly. And, the 80 Msps, high resolution DAC and ADC are integrated to guarantee the SNR. Also, the transmitter and receiver are designed to have a wide dynamic range and gain control range because the signal from the VDSL2 line is variable depending on the distance. The chip is implemented in 0.25 ${\mu}m$ CMOS technology and the die area is 5 mm $\times$ 5 mm. The spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) and SNR of the transmitter and receiver are 67.5 dB and 41 dB, respectively. The power consumption of the transmitter and receiver are 160 mW and 250 mW from the supply voltage of 2.5 V, respectively.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
• /
• v.10A no.6
• /
• pp.671-676
• /
• 2003

In this paper, we proposed a new First Partial product Addition (FPA) architecture with new compressor (or parallel counter) to CSA tree built in the process of adding partial product for improving speed in the fast parallel multiplier to improve the speed of calculating partial product by about 20% compared with existing parallel counter using full Adder. The new circuit reduces the CLA bit finding final sum by N/2 using the novel FPA architecture. A 5.14nS of multiplication speed of the $16{\times}16$ multiplier is obtained using $0.25\mu\textrm{m}$ CMOS technology. The architecture of the multiplier is easily opted for pipeline design and demonstrates high speed performance.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.149-159
• /
• 2000

In this paper, we propose a new class of MIN (Multistage Interconnection Network) called SCMIN(ShortCut MIN) which can form a cheap and efficient packet switching interconnection network. SCMIN satisfies full access capability(FAC) and has multiple redundant paths between processor-memory pairs even though SCMIN is constructed with 2.5N-4 SEs which is far fewer SEs than that of MINs. SCMIN can be constructed suitable for localized communication by providing the shortcut path and multiple paths inside the processor-memory cluster which has frequent data communications. Therefore, SCMIN can be used as an attractive interconnection network for parallel applications with a localized communication pattern in shared-memory multiprocessor systems.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.146-158
• /
• 2002

JPEG is good for full color representation but is poor in quality of image because of the small size and the losing compression ways. GIF is a kind of format style made for image - transmission in Compuserve which is a method of PC communication in U. S. A and now is used in world wide web owing to the efficiency of file compression and transmission. But GIF only is used 256 colors, so the images in web has a poorer quality of colors effect to be compared with those of printed catalogues. Also there can be licence problems when the images is used for commercial uses because the possession is Compuserve. The PNG is a way that the total advantages of JPEG and GIF. PNG image file is a more skillful (bitmap display unit), shows a high quality image like TIFF image about, gives superior compression , a 10% to 30% represents full color, 256 color, gray like JPEG. GIF file which uses LZW compression file is a thing which pays licence, In other hands, PNG is free from licence and more skillful image processing method against image error, and it is possible to conserve the color information. Therefore, this treatise is about how various images which are utilized for commercial printings in web, can be made into PNG files about the compression file. And the representation of image by compared the G]U images with JPEG images as well as compression file and the representation of image the superiority of color representation. In addition, 1 check out how much ranges the PNG files are available for electronic publish printing.