• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.215-222
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• 1989

A macromolecular fraction from fresh ginseng root containing mainly polysaccharide showed mild mitogenic activity in human cord blood lymphocytes. 2) When lymphocytes were transformed by Con A or PHA, this fraction could greatly enhance the activity of these lectin mitogens, thus showing a potentiation effect. 3) Although this macromolerular fraction contains saponin and is susceptible to trypsin digestion, it is probably a peptido-glycan in nature on account of its important carbohydrate content and thermal stability. 4) This fraction could not support cancer cell (EAT, K562) growth : its inhibitory effect on these cells remains to be explored.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.199-204
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• 2002

한국의 인삼재배시 연작장해로 인한 생산량 감소가 문제가 되고 있다 이를 극복하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 한국인삼 재배를 위하여 양액재배 시스템을 적용하였다. 최적의 양액재배용 배지를 선발하기 위하여 모래, TSK-2 (S＋T), 피트모스 (P), 재활용 암면 (RR)과 입상 암면 (GR)등의 다양한 배지를 단독 및 혼합처리구로 사용하였다. RR배지의 경우 전반적인 물리화학적 특성은 기존에 보고된 인삼배지의 토양특성과 유사하였다. S＋T배지는 가밀도가 인삼용 토양보다 높았다 인삼의 지상부 생체중은 RR배지와 S＋T배지에서 높았다. 인삼 뿌리의 생체중 및 건물중은 RR배지에서 가장 높았다. 인삼의 뿌리의 품질적 측면에서 vitamin C함량은 양액재배로 생육시킨 인삼이 토양에서 생육한 인삼보다 높았으나, crude saponin과 ginsenosides 함량에서는 차이를 나타내지 않았다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.360-370
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• 2020

Background: Sophora flavescens AIT root is used as a herbal medicine in Asian culture. This study was aimed at selecting the best cultivars, by comparing growth characteristics, active ingredients, and antioxidant activities. Methods and Results: A total twenty nine accessions of S. flavescens were collected from five different regions in Korea. Plant height, leaf length, peduncle length, fresh root weight, and seed weight were the growth characteristics selected. Antioxidant activity was determined by measuring the total polyphenol (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) as well as the radical scavenging activity of DPPH, ABTS and FRAP. Oxymatrine and matrine, active ingredients in S. flavescens were analyzed by HPLC. Results indicated that accession YS-11 had the highest plant height (152.5 cm) and peduncle length (54.0 cm). The fresh root weight was highest in JA-01 at 4.9 kg, while the highest total seed weight was recorded in accession BH-04 at 77.7 g. The YS-03 accession contained the highest oxymatrine and matrine total contents (0.9616% and 0.9638%, respectively). Accessions BH-02, YS-11, YS-05, and MJ-03 had the highest levels of antioxidant activity (p < 0.05). Oxymatrine showed a high correlation with TPC and FRAP. TPC showed high correlations with TFC, DPPH, ABTS and FRAP. TFC showed a high correlation with DPPH. Conclusions: The superior lines can be selected for use as standard variety breeding material by comparing the growth characteristics of the accessions.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2002

Gibberellic acid (GA) was applied to field-grown 3-year-old North American ginseng (Panax quinqueiolius L.) between 1 and 4 times, before and during bloom in 1999. Applications of both GA$_3$ and GA$\sub$4+7/ four times (x4) to the developing inflorescences increased maximum pedicel length, and seed head diameter and height. Treatment with GA$\sub$4+7/ increased mean and total root fresh weight linearly, whereas those treated with GA$_3$ did not show similar increases. Both GA$_3$ and GA$\sub$4+7/ at 50, 100 and 200 mg L$\^$-1/ (x4) increased the incidence of breaking of dormancy of perennating buds with GA$_3$ being twice as effective as GA$\sub$4+7/. Both GA$_3$ and GA$\sub$4+7/ treatments resulted in an increased number of new bud initials forming per root, with the number of new initials per root increased two-fold by the GA$_3$ sprays compared to GA$\sub$4+7/.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.211-215
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• 2002

충청북도 증평의 독농가가 재배한 4년생 인삼의 지상부 및 지하부의 주요 생육특성, 뿌리수량 및 주요 작물학적 특성의 상관을 생육시기별로 조사하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 4년생 인삼의 잎의 생장은 4월 중순(출아기)에서 5월 중순까지 급격히 진행되어 5월 중순이 되면 생육이 대체로 완성되며, 줄기는 8월 중순까지 계속 신장하였다. 2. 근생체중은 4월(20.7g)부터 6월(18.2g)까지는 감소하나 그 이후 10월(45.1g)까지 계속 증가하였다. 3. 칸당 수삼 수량은 4월에 1.5kg이었으나 5월과 6월에 각각 1.2kg 및 1.3kg으로 감소의 양상을 나타내었고, 6월 이후 다시 증가하여 10월에는 2.9kg으로 최대의 수량을 나타내었다. 4. 생육시기별로 수확한 4년생 인삼의 주요 작물학적 생육특성의 조사 형질 중 동장을 제외한 모든 생육 특성은 근중과 고도로 유의한 정의 상관을 나타내었다. 5. 4년생 인삼의 관행적 수확기는 9월-10월로 알려져 있으나 건근중 및 수삼의 수량을 고려할 때10월 중순으로 늦추는 것이 보다 유리한 것으로 조사되었다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.405-409
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• 2010

현재 대부분의 수삼은 흙이 묻은 상태로 유통되고 있는데 소비자의 편이성을 고려하여 수삼을 세척한 후 포장한 상태로 유통시키기 위한 연구의 일환으로 수삼의 세척처리 방법에 따른 표면세척효과 및 미생물 감균 효과를 조사하였다. 수확 직후 수삼의 부위별 생균수는 5.85~6.63 log CFU/ea범위로 뇌두 부위가 가장 많았고 다음으로는 지근과 주근 순이었다. 부위별 곰팡이 수는 3.67~5.12 log CFU/ea범위로 뇌두 부위가 많았으며 주근과 지근은 거의 유사한 수준이었다. 수삼표면을 상압살수, 고압살수 및 솔질 처리를 하였던 바 고압살수처리에 의해 세척도가 증가하고, 표면 미생물을 감소시킬 수 있었으나 그 효과는 솔질처리의 경우보다는 낮았다. 세척한 수삼의 표면 미생물 수를 더 낮추기 위해 부가적으로 에탄올용액, 차아염소산나트륨 용액, 과산화수소용액, 전해산화수, 오존수 및 중온수를 각각 처리하였던 바 전해산화수 처리 시 생균수와 곰팡이 수가 세척한 수삼에 비해 각각 0.79 CFU/ea, 0.51 log CFU/ea 정도 감소하여 다른 처리구에 비하여서는 우수하였으나 처리구간의 통계적인 유의성은 인정되지 않았다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.36-40
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• 1991

A field experiment was conducted to examine the growth of one and two year old American ginseng (Panax guinguefolium L.) in the arid interior of British Columbia, Canada. For both years of plants, early season growth was characterized by rapid stem and leaf dry matter production. Root growth commenced in early June and continued until early September. One year old roots had a dry weight of 0.1 to 0.2g at the end of the growing season. The two years old roots commenced the growing season at 0.Is and increased in dry matter by a factor of ten-fold. Dry to fresh weight ratios for both years were similar for root, leaf and stem samples at the end of the growing season. Leaf area index for both years showed similarities in progression over the growing season. As a consequence of the effectiveness of the microclimate modification employed to permit American ginseng cultivation (elevated shade cloth and surface mulch), plant growth and development was extremely good. This indicates the potential for the cultivation of American ginseng in dryland environments.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.270-284
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• 1985

In order to investigate the change of physicochemical properties of ginseng root starch during storage and heat treatment, the roots were stored for 15 days at 5 $^{\circ}C$, 15 $^{\circ}C$, 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 45$^{\circ}C$, and heated for 15 hours at 6$0^{\circ}C$, 7$0^{\circ}C$, 8$0^{\circ}C$, 9$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. The starch content was decreased from about 40% to 23-26% and sucrose content was increased from 4% to 12-16% during storage for 15 days at 5-45$^{\circ}C$. Maltose, which was not detected in fresh samples, was increased up to 8.5% during storage or heat treatment. Granular size of the starch was decreased and some of the granules were broken during storage. Amylose content in the starch was decreased from 33% to 20%, and blue value and alkali number of the starch were increased slightly, and solubility and swelling power of the starch were decreased during storage. 3 The higher storage temperature and the longer storage time, the starch was more susceptible to gelatinize, and the viscosity of the starch was lowered with the susceptibility of gelatinization. The susceptibility of degradation of the starch by the amylase was increased and amylolytic activities in ginseng root were, also, increased during storage.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.441-445
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• 2011

This research was conducted to investigate the influence of variouis organic substrates on growth and yield of organically grown ginseng seedlings in a shaded plastic house. In the investigation of optimal substrate, the eight substrate were formulated by adjusting blending rate of peatmoss, perlite, coir dust(coco peat), and vermiculite. Then, the changes in physico chemical properties of root substrates as well as their influences on the growth characteristics and yield were determined at six months after sowing. The elevation of the blending rate of peatmoss from 50% to 70% with decrease in the rate of inorganic component (mixture of perlite and vermiculite) from 50 to 30% resulted in the increase in container capacities and decrease in total porosities and air-filled capacities. The concentrations of $NH_4-N$, $P_2O_5$ and K increased as the incorporation rate of castor seed meal, phosphate ore, and langbenite, respectively, were elevated during the root medium formulations. The PPV-1 and PPV-4 substrates produced high stem length, stem diameter, shoot fresh weight, leaf area and root length among eight substrate. Root fresh weight was heaviest in PPV-4 compound nursery media. The results of this experiment will be utilized in the new substrate application for ginseng organic culture in shaded vinyl house.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.353-356
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• 1990

The isolation of volatile compounds by vacuum-distillation with freeze-drying was tested 1 with fresh ginseng roots. The roots were frozen at-8$0^{\circ}C$; they were dried at-4$0^{\circ}C$ tinder vacuum(40 tory), for 24 hours; and the ice condensed at the silrface of condenser in the freeze-dryer was thauved at room temperature. The ether extract of the resulting aqueous solution was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID) or a nitrogen-phosphorils detecto(NPD) and by gas : chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS). More than forty peaks were observed in the CG(FID) profile. and more than ten peaks were observed in the GC(NPD) profile. Among them, thirteen components 1including one aldehyde, four hydrocarbons, two esters, folly alcohols, and two vyrazines were identified: six components the molesuiar ions of which were m/z, 204 were estimated to be a series of azulene compounds; and the other components unidentified were estimated to have molecular weights of lower than 254. Therefore, the freeze-drying technicue is thought to be usefu1 for the isolation of volatile compounds of such low molecufilar weights from vegetables, fruits and biological fluids as well as fresh ginseng roots under the tested conditions.