• 경영과학
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 1995

The success of cell manufacturing applications in FMS rests on the effective cell formation to maintain the independent relations both between machine cells and between part families. This paper presents an integrated method for concurrent formation of cells and families with no E.E (Exceptional Element) in FMS with alternative routings. To determine the maximum number of cell and family with no E.E, mathematical conditions and properties are derived. New concept of nonsimilarity is introduced for each machine and part based on machine-operation incidence matrix and part-operation incidence matrix. To concurrently form the cells and families, integer programming based mathematical models are developed. For the predetermined number of cell or family, model I is used to identify whether E.E exists or not. Model II forms cells and families considering only nonsimilarity. But model III can consider nonsimilarity and processing times. The proposed method is tested and proved by using numerical examples.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.311-328
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• 2018

In school mathematics, the concept of an average is not a concept that is limited to a unit of statistics. In particular, high school students will learn about arithmetic mean and geometric mean in the process of learning absolute inequality. In calculus learning, the concept of average is involved when learning the concept of average speed. The arithmetic mean is the same as the procedure used when students mean the test scores. However, the procedure for obtaining the geometric mean differs from the procedure for the arithmetic mean. In addition, if the arithmetic mean and the geometric mean are the discrete quantity, then the mean rate of change or the average speed is different in that it considers continuous quantities. The average concept that students learn in school mathematics differs in the quantitative nature of procedures and objects. Nevertheless, it is not uncommon to find out how students construct various mathematical concepts into mathematical knowledge. This study focuses on this point and conducted the interviews of the students(three) in the second grade of high school. And the expression of students in the process of average concept formation in arithmetic mean, geometric mean, average speed. This study can be meaningful because it suggests practical examples to students about the assertion that various scholars should experience various properties possessed by the average. It is also meaningful that students are able to think about how to construct the mean conceptual properties inherent in terms such as geometric mean and mean speed in arithmetic mean concept through interview data.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.139-154
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of dramatic play on the hyperactive-children's self concept and their hyperactivities. The subjects for this study were 144 five-year old children of Y kindergarten in Seoul. Through the Teacher-Questionary modified by Koung-ja OH(1986) 26 children were assigned to the experimental group and the control group 13 hyperactivity-children (boy:11 girl:2) in the experimental group had dramatic play of which the main themes were positive self concept formation. but the 13 children(boy:11 girl: 2) in the control group did not any dramatic activities. Experimental procedures for the self concept test and the hyperactivity test were pre-test experimental treatment and 2 times post-test by 2 months. Self concept test used for pre-test and post-test was The data was analysed using t-test and paired t-test. The result are as follows: 1. In the pre-test for self concept the scores of the control group showed higher than that of the expe imental group. But there were significantly increased difference between pre-test and the first post0-test in the experimental group. 2. In the second post-test for self concept of the experimental group after 2 months there were no significant differences between the first post-test and the second post-test. 3. In the hyperactivity test there were no significant differences in the control group,. But the experimental group showed decreased hyperactivities in the first post-test. 4. In the second post-test for the hyperactive-children's hyperactivities in the experimental group after 2 months there were no significant differences between the first post-test and the second post-test The dramatic play influenced on the hyperactive-children's self concept positively and the decrease of hyperactive-children's hyperacivities.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2022

Nowadays clusters are recognized as an important instrument for promoting industrial development, innovation, competitiveness and growth. An educational cluster is a set of interrelated vocational educational institutions of various levels that are united by industry with each other and are connected by partnership with industry enterprises. This article attempts to develop and describe cluster model of university students' multilingual training. The purpose of this study is to describe multilingual training of university students and their polycultural competencies formation and to define the process of multilingual training in form of a cluster. The authors consider clusters as an integral part of the educational campus within the concept framework of Shadrinsk State Pedagogical University. To determine the essence of the concept of a cluster model of university students' multilingual training, theoretical, empirical, observational, and diagnostic methods were implemented, such as a review of scientific literature, a compilation of best practices, observation, statistical methods, etc. The authors analyzed the programs of partner universities and organized international webinars and internships for bachelors and masters abroad and developed online courses "Foreign language for undergraduate students and masters". Experimental data obtained during the implementation of cluster training show the effectiveness of the formation of students' polycultural competencies.

• 복식
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• 제59권10호
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• pp.98-110
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• 2009

This study has outlined and summarized academic meaning of formative characteristics of Organic Modernism represented by various aspects of design, art, industry and architecture, then has intented to define concept of Organic Modernism Fashion. Eventually, this study is to make a analysis of formative characteristics of Organic Modernism Fashion Design. Based on example of Organic Modernism applied to architectural structure, industrial products and pure paintings, this study has analyzed and researched into formative characteristics of Organic Modernism represented by fashion design. As a consequence of study, its characteristics are defined as below; The first, the beauty of simple formation using delicate curve. The second, the expression of symbolic formation based on surrealism. The third, the expression of continuous 3-dimensional curved surface. And the last characteristic is a providing transformable multi-function. Through those characteristics mentioned above, it may be expected to define a concept of Organic Modernism Fashion Design newly and to set a precedent for providing a basic criteria to classify formative characteristics of Organic Modernism Fashion Design.

• 영미문화
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.185-206
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• 2014

The concept of the "diaspora" has established itself as one of the major topics in literary and cultural studies in the first two decades of the twenty-first century. Contemporary studies on this topic tend to regard is diaspora as either as a liberatory space unmoored from a repressive national identity-formation or as a condition pregnant with challenges to the authority of a nation-state or nationalism. Viewed from within the social realities of multi-ethnic nations, however, diaspora has an alternative, darker face. For, reproduced within the concept itself, is that of a hierarchy: this hierarchy is one in which a dominant group seeks to repress the same ethnic members for their failure to conform. What is more, the cultural difference, which diaspora is believed to preserve, lends the dominant group an excuse to re-ethnicize its immigrants, subsuming them under the same extra-national category as that of the people or homeland they have left behind. By analyzing a range of historical and theoretical models, this study offers itself as an attempt to clarify the current, and often confusing, understandings of the condition of diaspora. By delving into its political potentials and discussing their possible socio-political ramifications, the study suggests that researchers of diaspora need to anchor themselves in historicity lest they end up "speaking for" their chosen subjects.

• 분석과학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.807-814
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• 1995

Accurate measurements of ozone precursors are required to understand the process and extent of ozone formation in rural and urban areas. Nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) have been identified as important ozone precursors. Identification and quantification of NMHCs are difficult because of the large number present and the wide molecular weight range encountered in typical air samples. A major plan of the research team of the Climate and Air Quality Taiwan Station (CATs) was the measurement of atmospheric nonmethane hydrocarbons. An analytical method has been development for the analysis of the individual nonmethane hydrocarbons in ambient air at ppb (v) and subppb(v) levels. The whole ambient air samples were collected in canisters and analyzed by GC-FID with $Al_2O_3$/KCl PLOT column. Our targeted for quantitative analysis 43 compounds that may be substantial contributors to ozone formation. The retention indices and molar response factors of some commercially available $C_2{\sim}C_{10}$ hydrocarbons were determined and used to identify and quantify air samples. A quality assurance program was instituted to ensure that good measurements were made by participating in the International Nonmethane Hydrocarbon Intercomparison Experiments (NOMHICE).

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2004

As the environmental pollution becomes serious global problem, the regulation of emission exhausted from automobiles is strengthened. Therefore, it is very important to know how to reduce the NOx and PM simultaneously in diesel engines, which has lot of merits such as high thermal efficiency, low fuel consumption and durability. By this reason, the new concept called as Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition(HCCI) engines are spotlighted because this concept reduced NOx and P.M. simultaneously. However, there is trade off between output and NOx in a HCCI engine. In this study, output and emission characteristics for a gasoline direct injection type HCCI engine were investigated to clarify the effects of intake air temperature, injection time and mixture formation. From these experiments, we found that the smoke was not produced when the fuel was injected earlier than BTDC 90$^{\circ}$. In addition, the output was increased because of delay of ignition time and NOx emission was decreased because of homogeneous charge of first injection in case of split injection.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.105-109
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine the concept and importance of the hidden curriculum, which has an influence on the learning, culture, and identity formation of medical students, and to examine the student culture related to the hidden curriculum. The hidden curriculum can be defined from various perspectives. However, these definitions commonly include the concept of the whole experience students gain from school life in implicit ways, even though the school does not intend it. The hidden curriculum is related to non-cognitive areas and the culture formation of students in various way, including positive and negative content, and is important since once this curriculum is formed, it has a long-term impact. Therefore, it is necessary to consider not only the formal curriculum but also the hidden curriculum in order to apprehend the overall educational outcome of medical school. For this purpose, schools need to not only support studies on the hidden curriculum but also to endeavor to provide faculty and staff with educational and administrative support so that they can understand the hidden curriculum and be equipped as a role model. Furthermore, medical students need to endeavor to form a positive student culture in order to establish an appropriate identity as a doctor in the future.

• 기독교교육논총
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• 제67권
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• pp.77-116
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 빠른 속도로 고령화가 된 한국교회 노인의 건강한 삶을 위해 종교적 성숙의 과제가 필요함을 주장하고, 이를 위해 종교적 성숙에 있어서 본질적인 요인인 하나님과의 관계를 위해 긍정적인 하나님 이미지 형성 및 개발을 위한 교육적 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 노인을 위한 교회교육에 대한 선행연구 탐색을 통해 노인교육의 방향과 과제가 종교적 성숙이 되어야 할 필요성을 주장하고. 인간 삶의 여러 영역에서 종교적 성숙이 어떤 영향을 끼치는지 관련 변인들을 살펴보았다. 종교적 성숙의 과제를 성취하기 위해 성서적 및 신학적 성숙의 개념과 종교심리학적 성숙의 개념을 정리하였고, 종교적 성숙에 있어서 중요한 하나님과의 관계를 위한 하나님 이미지 개념과 성숙한 인간 삶과 관련 있는 변인들을 살펴보았다. 노인의 종교적 성숙을 위해 하나님과의 관계를 올바르게 맺도록 긍정적인 하나님 이미지 형성 및 개발을 위한 교회교육 방안을 지적, 정서적, 행위적 차원에서 제안하였다. 지적인 차원의 교육으로 성서적 및 신학적 하나님 개념을 교육하는 것과 지속적으로 하나님과의 관계를 맺으며 성장과 성숙이 필요한 존재로 노인 스스로를 인식하도록 교육하는 것을 제안하였다. 정서적 차원의 교육으로 노인들의 하나님 이미지의 기원과 형성 과정에 대한 성찰 및 확인하도록 교육할 것과 왜곡된 하나님 이미지 치유하기 위한 교육 상담적 접근으로 교육할 것을 제안하였다. 행위적 차원의 교육으로 다음 세대의 신앙교육에 있어서 부모와 조부모의 역할에 대해 교육할 것과 하나님과의 관계가 삶으로 나타나도록 실천을 유도하는 교육방법을 사용하여 교육할 것을 제안하였다.