• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제87권2호
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• pp.270-275
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• 1998

송이산의 관리는 송이 균환의 환경관리를 의미한다. 따라서, 송이산의 관리는 송이 균환부를 건강하게 유지시키는 방법에 대한 집중적인 연구를 요구하며, 아울러, 균환부 생태계 내의 실질적인 활성을 평가하는 연구가 요구된다. 본 연구는 송이 균환부를 송이균의 통과 여부에 따라 균환 통과부, 균환부, 균환 예정지의 3개 지역으로 구분하여 토양의 이화학적 특성과 탈수소효소 활성에 차이가 있는지 조사, 고찰한 것이다. 송이 균환의 발달에 따라 토양내 양이온의 함량은 뚜렷한 변화가 없었지만, 유효인산이나 탄소, 질소의 함량은 균환부와 균환 예정지 사이에 차이가 인정되었다. 또한, 송이 균환부 탈수소효소의 활성도는 일반 성숙토양에 비하여 훨씬 낮아 송이 균환부는 성숙도가 낮으며 유가물이 적은 토양에 발달됨을 알 수 있었다. 따라서, 송이산의 관리가 실질적으로는 송이 균환의 관리라는 것을 감안할 때, 송이산 관리의 기준으로 탈수소효소를 지표로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 특히, 낙엽긁기의 처리를 위해서 유기물 분해도의 지표인 탈수소효소의 활성도 측정법을 활용하도록 추천할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.458-460
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• 2009

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 강원도 강릉시 강릉국유림 관리소 관할의 국유림 내에 위치한 27년생 잣나무 조림지를 대상으로 하여 바이오매스 및 바이오매스 구성비, 바이오매스 추정식, 순생산량, 줄기밀도 및 바이오매스 확장계수 등을 조사 분석하는데 있다. 선정된 표준지에 대하여 $20m{\times}20m$ 조사구를 설치한 후 매목조사를 실시하고, 직경급 분포를 고려하여 총 5주의 표본목을 벌채하였으며, 이 중 3주는 뿌리까지 전량 굴취하였다. 27년생 잣나무에 대한 임목 전체 건중량은 117.6 kg/tree로 나타났으며, 잣나무 임분의 지상부 건중량은 59.9 ton/ha, 지하부를 포함한 임목 전체 건중량은 82.4 ton/ha로 나타났다. 뿌리 대 지상부 비율은 0.38이였으며, 순생산량은 지상부 건중량 9.4 ton/ha, 지하부를 포함한 임목 전체 건중량 11.3 ton/ha로 나타났다. 줄기밀도는 $0.49g/cm^{3}$, 지상부 바이오매스 확장계수는1.78, 지상부와 지하부를 포함한 임목 전체 바이오매스 확장계수는 2.19로 나타났다. 이와 같은 자료는 잣나무 조림지에 대하여 바이오매스 및 탄소축적량을 추정하는데 활용될 수가 있다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.315-322
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the sensitivity to environmental stress, and changes in the photosynthesis capacity in Abies koreana seedlings by age and to suggest the most effective age for restoration. To identify these physiological characteristics of A. koreana, the chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic capacity of 1-, 2-, 3-, 5- and 6-year-old A. koreana seedlings were observed from June 2020 to June 2021. The maximum quantum efficiency of Photosystem II (Fv/Fm), a chlorophyll fluorescence measurement parameter, was strongly positively correlated with the monthly average temperature (1-year-old seedling: r=0.8779, 2-year-old seedling: r=0.8605, 3-year-old seedling: r=0.8697, 5-year-old seedlings: r=0.8085, and 6-year-old seedlings: r=0.8316). The Fv/Fm values were the lowest in winter (November 2020-March 2021). In addition, the Fv/Fm values of 1-, 2-, and 3-year-old seedlings in winter were lower than that of 5- and 6-year-old seedlings, while the Fv/Fm values in summer were relatively higher than those in winter. Further, the Fv/Fm values of seedlings of all ages decreased in August 2020, when the monthly average temperature was the highest. In particular, 1-year-old to 3-year-old seedlings showed Fv/Fm values less than 0.8. Further, the photosynthetic capacity measured in August 2020 increased with increasing seedling age. The analysis of variance results for summer Fv/Fm values showed significant differences in age-specific averages (p<0.05), and Duncan's multiple range test showed significant differences between 5- and 6-year-old seedlings and 1-, 2-, and 3-year-old seedlings (p<0.05). These results suggested that the 5- and 6-year-old seedlings were less sensitive to environmental stress and showed better photosynthetic capacity than the 1-, 2-, and 3-year-old seedlings. Therefore, 5-year-old or older A. koreana seedlings can be used as restoration materials because they can show increased adaptability and stable growth during transplantation due to their relatively high environmental resistance and photosynthetic capacity.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2004

Because paper industry spends lots amount of water, the recycling of water is very important in economical as well as environmental aspects. In order to optimize the process water recycling system, the efficiency of unit operation for water circulation, such as save-all system, CDS and settling tank, plays an important role in. In this study, the sedimentation efficiency of process water was evaluated by SS measurement with the different amounts of flocculent addition. 3 different kinds of process water were collected from fine paper mill, and applied in laboratory sedimentation equipment for the measurement of settling efficiency of SS materials. The addition amounts of alum and PAC were resulted in optimum efficiency of sediments in the condition of 100 ppm of alum and 500 ppm of PAC respectively. In the comparison of sedimentation efficiency between alum and PAC, alum showed more economical and efficient results. The SS of spill water and the particle size of suspended materials treated by alum flocculents were below 50 ppm and about 1 $\mu$m. It would be considered that the spill water can be substituted to superclear water grade.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.118-122
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• 2009

Net Radiation ($R_N$) is the major driving force for biophysical and biogeochemical processes in the terrestrial ecosystems, which is one of the most critical variables in both measurement and modeling. Despite its importance, there are only 10 weather stations conducting $R_N$ measurements among the 544 stations operated by Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA; KMA, 2008). The measurement of incoming shortwave radiation ($R_S{\downarrow}$) is, however, conducted at 22 stations while that of sunshine duration is conducted at all the manned stations. In this context, the recent research for estimating $R_N$ using $R_S{\downarrow}$ in Korean peninsula by Kwon (2009) is of great worth. The author used a linear regression and the radiation balance methods. We generally agree with the author that, in terms of simplicity and practicality, both methods show reliable applicability for estimating $R_N$. We noted, however, that the author's experimental method and analysis need some clarification and improvement, that are addressed in the following perspectives: (1) the use of daily integrated data for regression, (2) the use of measured albedo, (3) the use of linear coefficients for whole year data, (4) methodological improvement, (5) the use of sunshine duration, and (6) the error assessment.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2018

국내산 낙엽송 소경각재의 휨 강도 성능을 예측하기 위하여 비파괴적인 지표의 검토가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 낙엽송 소경각재(단면 $89{\times}120mm$)를 초음파법, 종진동법, 소하중법의 비파괴 방법으로 탄성계수를 측정하였다. 실측 탄성계수와 유의성이 높은 비파괴 측정 방법을 결정 후 휨 파괴계수 예측 지표로 적용하였다. 종진동법으로 측정된 탄성계수가 실측 탄성계수와 가장 높은 유의성을 나타냈다. 휨 파괴계수와 실측 탄성계수의 유의성도 매우 밀접하게 측정되었으므로 종진동법에 의한 비파괴 탄성계수로 소경각재의 휨 파괴계수를 예측하였다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.152-160
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the physical characteristics and tranquility of the valleys located in Gangwon region. For this study we analyzed the field survey data 135 valleys using GIS. The elements for measurement of tranquility were divided into visual elements including terrain, objects, forest, water and auditory elements including noise. These elements were divided further into positive and negative factors. The weight of each element and item was calculated by applying the AHP method. The results of this study are as follows. The length of the valley ranged from 126 m to 17 km, and the elevation ranged from 40 m to 1,800 m. Type of mixed forest was common in the valleys. The depth of the water was over 20 cm in 83% of the total area and most of the water was in good condition in visual quality. Regarding the positive factors of tranquility, the weighted scores of the objects, waterfall sounds and visual transparence of the water were of relatively high value. Relatively high values were also shown in closed and curved topography in the landform, forest type and natural forests. In the negative factors, the weights of the objects and forest elements had high values. Within the facility groups, facility of the river produced a considerable negative. After applying the index of tranquility, the natural physical attributes affected the tranquility value, more than the manmade structures to a much greater degree.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.172-192
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• 1983

Light environment and growth of Panax ginseng In habitat and cultivation under natural shade were renewed. Grower's experiences on ginseng stand In relation to light environment were assessed. Change of shading method and grower's concepts on light requirement of ginseng plant in Korea, Manchuria and Japan was counted. Growth of wild ginseng was better under rich light. Optimum crown density index appeared to be 0.7 In natural habitat and 0.4 to 0.7 for the cultivation in forest. Change of light Intensity in forest was greatest in May and reached near to constant value (from 40% to 3% for broad leaf deciduous forest and loom 4% to 2% for pine forest). Insufficient light condition induced long and thin stem, poor flowering and seed bearing, and sequent dormancy. Relation between light and ginseng strand was not clear but light Interception with cool weather was effective. Topography and orientation of bed have been deeply considered for light environment. Panel or bark of won were used for shading in deep forest manly In Manchuria while reed blind and straw thatch were used in Korea. Kinds and number of shades material and seasonal or daily schedule have been simplified probably by labor pressure due to eulargement of plantation. Post height has been greater while width of roof, bed and ditch has changed lisle. Scientific survey in the past omitted important light control methods (complete light hardening etc) which has been practiced in specific areas. The concept and technique of light control in the past in Korea were delicate and intensive including the control of temperature and moisture. For the application of old concept in modem cultivation precise Investigation of the technique including the measurement of light, temperature and moisture is needed.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제101권4호
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• pp.606-612
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• 2012

기후변화협약 제16차 당사국총회에서 결정된 칸쿤 합의문의 REDD+ 결정문과 노르웨이의 인도네시아 REDD+ 국가 전략을 평가하기 위한 중요 요소를 바탕으로 인도네시아의 REDD+ 전략을 사전에 평가하기 위한 4가지 정성적인 기준을 개발하였다. '산림전용 및 산림황폐화의 원인 규명'(평가기준 1)과 '국가 MRV 체계 수립'(평가기준 2)은 REDD+가 성공할 수 있는 토대이다. '실질적인 온실가스 감축'(평가기준 3)은 REDD+의 궁극적인 목적이고 지역주민 및 원주민의 권리를 보장하고 생물다양성을 보장하는 '안전장치의 보장'(평가기준 4)은 REDD+의 보완적인 목적이자 REDD+ 성공의 토대라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서 개발한 REDD+ 평가를 위한 기준 및 지표는 인도네시아뿐만 아니라 개도국의 REDD+ 국가 전략을 이해하기 위한 기본 틀을 제공한다.