• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2001.04a
• /
• pp.487-490
• /
• 2001

Mobile IP는 HA(Home Agent)와 FA(Foreign Agent)간의 터널링을 이용하여 IP망에서 단말기의 이동성을 지원하는 표준 프로토콜이다. 하지만 이러한 터널링 방법은 현재 제안되고 있는 인터넷 서비스 연구 즉 통합 서비스(Integrated Service) 및 차별화 서비스(Differentiated Service) 등을 적용하기 위해서는 많은 문제점을 가진다. 대표적인 문제점은 통신망에서는 전송되는 IP 패킷의 헤더에 의해서 세션을 구별하게 되는데 터널링 패킷의 경우 실제 세션과 다른 헤더를 사용하므로 망에서 세션에 대한 처리를 하기 위해서는 내재된 패킷의 정보가 터널링 패킷의 헤더에 반영되어야 한다. 본 논문은 이러한 문제점을 도메인 게이트웨이 라우터에 HA/FA 기능을 추가하는 동시에 RSVP(Resource Reservation Protocol) 플로우를 군집하는 도메인 레벨 QoS(Quality of Service)와 이동성 지원 프로토콜에 QoS를 의존하는 마이크로 레벨 QoS를 분리하는 이단계 구조를 통해 단-대-단 QoS를 보장할 수 있는 방안을 제안한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2000.04a
• /
• pp.649-653
• /
• 2000

Mobile IP[1]환경에서 (Mobile Node)[1]는 (Foreign Agent)[1]와 (Home Agent[1])간에 컨트롤 메시지들을 주고 받으며 이러한 컨트롤 메시지들은 인증을 받아야 한다. 그러나 기존의 Mobile IP에서는 키 분배 문제를 고려하지 않고 메시지 인증만을 다루고 있으며 [2,3]에서는 등록 키를 생성하기 위하여 몇 가지 방법을 제시하고 있지만 구체적인 인증 프로토콜은 다루지 않고 있다. 본 논문에서는 Mobile IP 환경에서의 와 간에 공개키 기반 인증 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안된 인증 프로토콜은 와 간의 상호 인증 단계를 거치며, 서로간에 비밀 세션키를 생성하여 데이터의 기밀성을 보장할 수 있다. 또한 공개키에 기반 하므로 전자서명을 통한 메시지의 부인방지 기능을 얻을 수 있다.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.289-296
• /
• 2019

Background: Topical hemostatic agents are used when ligation, electrocauterization, or other conventional hemostatic methods are impractical. Because a hemostatic agent is a foreign body, it can cause foreign body reactions, inflammation, and infections that can interfere with the wound healing process. Therefore, we should select hemostatic agents after considering their effects on wound healing. Here, we compared the effects of hemostatic agents on wound healing in a rectus abdominis muscle defect in rats. Methods: Twelve Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to creation of a $6{\times}6mm$ defect in the rectus abdominis muscle and divided into four groups: control group; group A, Tachosil fibrin sealant patch; group B, Surgicel Fibrillar oxidized regenerated cellulose; and group C, Surgicel Snow oxidized regenerated cellulose. For the histologic analysis, biopsies were performed on the 3rd, 7th, and 27th days. Results: The foreign body reaction was the weakest in group A and most significant in group C. The inflammatory cell infiltration was the weakest in group A and similar in groups B and C. Muscle regeneration differed among periods. The rats in group A were the most active initially, while those in group C showed prolonged activity. Conclusion: Tachosil and Surgicel administration increased inflammation via foreign body reactions, but the overall wound healing process was not significantly affected. The increased inflammation in the Surgicel groups was due to a low pH. We recommend using Tachosil, because it results in less intense foreign body reactions than Surgicel and faster wound healing due to the fibrin action.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.363-390
• /
• 2009

This study investigates the role of private participation in FTA Negotiation in case of US, Mexico and Japan. We utilize Putnam(1988)'s two stage negotiation model, Schelling Conjecture and Principal-Agent(P-A) theory to understand the role of private sector in FTA Negotiation. Those theories are useful to understand the behavior and interaction of key players such as private sector, congress and government in FTA negotiation. Putnam(1988)'s two stage negotiation model divides the FTA negotiation process into two processes: the external negotiation with foreign country and domestic negotiation with domestic interest group. Principal-Agent(P-A) theory provides the theoretical foundation of Putnam's two stage negotiation model, which is that principal's interest is not identical to the interest of Agent. We showed that the private sector and congress play an important role in FTA negotiation in United States. In case of Mexico, the private sector and government occupy the dominant position in FTA negotiation. In particular, the cooperation of industry and government has been successfully established via COECE in Mexico. In contrast to these countries, the role of private participation in trade policy is relatively low in Japan and Korea.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.7 no.6
• /
• pp.224-232
• /
• 1995

Recently, in other.view of underwater concrete construction, special admixture agent of concrete has been developed for antiwashout of concrete under water with easy carrying out method in some foreign nations. They had successful cases in experiment and construction and it trend to use in many cases with many scales. However, in domestic, there was rare record in carrying out. In this paper, reference for successful results of experiment and construction about antiwashout underwater concrete, as variable add of special admixture agent and other agents. We have carried out property tests of fresh and hardened concrete, certified the properties and made the antiwashout underwater concrete have enough strength to endure with ea.sy construction. And we have decided the optimal mix proportion for antiwashout underwater concrete under standard state.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.26 no.12C
• /
• pp.225-232
• /
• 2001

In this paper, we describe a mechanism that supports the mobility service for VPN(Virtual Private Network) users on MPLS(Multiprotocol Label Switching) network. The MPLS VPN considered in this study is controlled by CE(Customer Edge) routers. In such a VPN, CE routers have additional functions to support mobile VPN users, i.e., Home Agent function, foreign Agent function, Correspondent Agent function. This mechanism is applied when a VPN node moves to other site of the saute VPN, or when it moves to other site of a different VPN, or to a non-VPN site. We perform a simulation study to compare the performance of CE based MPLS VPN with that of PE(Provider Edge) based MPLS VPN with mobility support.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.26 no.11C
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2001

The Mobile IP protocol allows IP hosts to move between different networks without changing their IP addresses. The Mobile IP systems supporting the local registration were introduced to reduce the number of times when a home registration with the remotely located Home Agent is needed. The local registration Mobile IP protocol enhanced the performance by processing the MN\`s registration requests at a local agent. However. the local registration approach may consider other aspects of the Mobile IP systems as the FA fault tolerance. In this paper, we will briefly review previous protocols to support the FA fault tolerance in hierarchical local registration Mobile If system and will propose a fault tolerance protocol with backup FA in hierarchical local registration mobile IP t() enhance the efficiency of such systems against Foreign Agent failures.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
• /
• v.36S no.1
• /
• pp.20-28
• /
• 1999

In this paper, we propose a new datagram delivery strategy at the home agent to improve the end-to-end performance by reducing retransmission overheads during handover. Changed routing might be able to cause packet disordering and this in turn could cause unnecessary retransmission at the fixed host and finally results in performance degradation. In our proposal, the home agent begins to buffer received datagrams instead of transmitting them after receiving a registration request message from the foreign agent and then transmits them again after for a certain time. Simulation results show that our proposal may successfully solve this problem at little cost.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.99-123
• /
• 2006

In an effect to composite an optimal supply chain, this study has introduced an agent-based negotiation as a method to assign a lot of orders to a large number of participants. As a resources allocation mechanism to form a strategic cooperation based on information sharing between supply chain members(buyers, manufacturers, suppliers), this agent negotiation provides coordination functions allowing all participants to make a profit and accomplishing Pareto optimum solution from the viewpoint of a whole supply chain. A SET model-based scheduling takes into consideration both earliness production cost and tardiness production cost, along with a competitive relationship between multiple participants. This study has tried to prove that the result of an agent-based negotiation is a Pareto optimal solution under the dynamic supply chain environment, establishing the mathematical formulation for a performance test, and making a comparison with the heuristic Branch & Bound method.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
• /
• v.36S no.7
• /
• pp.25-33
• /
• 1999

This paper proposes a handover algorithm for the mobile host in order to reduce the number of unnecessary retransmissions during handover. In our proposal, the home agent buffers user data after receiving the registration request message form the foreign agent and then transmits them again after a predefined time. We also analyze the packet disordering probability between two user data under an assumption that the home agent generates all user data. One of two user data is the one which has been generated just before the home agent receives the registration request message and the other is generated just after that. Simulation results show that our proposal provides efficient handover for a mobile host by reducing the packet disordering probalility.