• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.81-101
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to develop and implement a process-based evaluation program with the theme of school space design in the housing area of the middle school home economics. In order to achieve For thispurpose, a process-based evaluation program based on the theme of school space design was developed following the ADDIE instructional design model, and the program was executed to a total of 93 students. A questionnaire survey and in-depth interview were conducted for the evaluation of the program. The results of this study are as follows. First, based on the results of a 2015-Revised Curriculum analysis, a school space design program evaluation plan was established, and two evaluation tasks were developed. Accordingly, scoring criteria were prepared and 8 evaluation materials for students and 2 evaluation materials for teachers were developed. A total of 9 sessions were developed for teaching and learning activities and evaluation-linked operation procedures to perform evaluation tasks. As a result of an expert validity test for the program, all items were verified to be appropriate in content validity and content composition with an average of 3.6 to 4 points (4 points). Second, after conducting the school space design program, a survey on students were conducted, and as a result, all three areas of school space design class, process-based evaluation, interest scored high in average scores of 4.12 to 4.27 out of 5. According to the survey and interview results, the program provided new learning opportunities for school space design, the students were able to reach the suggested achievement goals, and the self-assessment, peer evaluation and teacher feedback positively affected the students during the learning process so that they could reflect on their learning and actively participate in the subsequent learning activity. This study has a limitation in generalizability in that the program was conducted on a limited number of students, and future studies are expected to expand the scope in terms of research participants, evaluation criteria, and school space design classes. This study laid the foundation for theory and practice by developing and implementing a process-based evaluation program for home economics education, and it has contribution in that it suggested the possibility that teachers and students can take the initiatives in school space design, focusing on the housing content elements of home economics.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.177-201
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• 2022

Following the adoption of the global plant conservation strategies at the Conference of the Parties for Biodiversity Conservation, diligent actions to achieve each targets are actively carried out. In particular, the need for ecological conservation research to achieve targets 2 and 7 of GSPC-2020 has increased. The priority taxa to accomplish the objectives of GSPC-2020 are rare and endemic plants. In particular, endemic plants with limited distribution in specific regions are evaluated to face a high risk of extinction. To address the necessity to preserve endemic plants, we investigated the distribution of Prunus choreiana H. T. Im, a Korean endemic plant. After that, we examined the vegetational environment of the habitat of P. choreiana and evaluated its population structure. The productivity of its fruits and the effects of pollinators on fruit production were evaluated as well. The fruiting ratio was calculated based on the number of flowers produced. Lastly, we observed the annual growth characteristics of P. choreiana. The habitats of P. choreiana did not show a specific type of vegetation. All of them were located in a limestone area of Gangwon-do in the central Korean Peninsula and occupied a site where the coverage of the tree layer and the sub-tree layer was not high or did not exist. The population structure of P. choreiana contained a high proportion of mature plants capable of producing fruits and a low proportion of seedlings and Juvenile plants. We found that the production of fruits required pollinators and was affected by the performance of each plant. Although P. choreiana produces many flowers, only a maximum of 20% and only 2-6% on average bear fruits. These flowering characteristics may be due to pollinators' low abundance and activity during the flowering season (between mid-March and early April), suggesting that many flowers are needed to attract more pollinators. We rarely observed the re-establishment of seedlings in the population of P. choreiana. Despite that, we predict the population to persist owing to its long lifespan and periodic production of numerous fruits. However, if the tree layer and sub-tree layer in competing status with P. choreiana increase their crown density, they are expected to inhibit the growth of P. choreiana and affect the risk of its extinction. Therefore, the current changes in the vegetational environment of the habitats are expected to decrease the number and extent of P. choreiana in the long term. The results of this study may serve as primary and important data necessary for the achievement of GSPC-2020 objectives.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.53
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• pp.5-45
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• 2020

This study aims to deeply analyze the subjective attitude of jazz performance audiences in Korea using Q methodology. In order to establish a population for the research, we decided 'People's mind about jazz performances' as the main topic and finally selected a Q model consist of 38 statements after having a depth interview with corresponding experts. Additionally, from January to February 2019, we implemented a Q-sorting and individual interview to total of 27 people including people majored in music, jazz club members and other citizens. The result were the following. First of all, a musical-interest oriented type. People of this type understood watching jazz performance as a daily leisure activity and went to watch a show more than once a month on overage. Those people obtained information of performances and actors before attending a show using social network such as SNS and jazz clubs. They also had a big desire to have an emotional interaction with jazz musicians while having a fan signing event or performance. Secondly, a general-interest oriented type. This type of people had a tendency of considering watching a jazz performance as a especial experience and not a daily life event. Attending a jazz performance was a novel experience which could be done with their close friends in a special day. Thirdly, people with self-value oriented type. This people were majored in jazz and classic in their universities. As they had a concrete perspective, professional knowledge and experiences, they were more sensitive on the general quality of the performances such as show's sound, light, video, sound system of the theater, player's ability, level of facilities, accessibility, etc. rather than the reputation of an artist. This research did not only revealed jazz audience's subjective tendency using Q methodology but also demonstrated the types of jazz audiences and their characteristics. Therefore, this could be a meaningful study for suggesting a significant implication for the marketing mix of performance planning on each jazz audience type.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.115
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• pp.249-279
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• 2010

The Law of the Heart, which appears in the chapter "B. The Actualization of Rational Self-consciousness Through its own Activity" in Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit represents that the self-certainty of the reason may be the another face of the Madness. The Reason's indubitable certainty is the testimony of the truth for Descartes, and it also plays a role as the moral maxim of the conscience for Kant. But this subjective certainty unavoidably leads to the Madness of self-conceit, which unifies the consciousness and the reality ignoring the difference between them. The typical attitude appearing in the reformer like Don Quixote and also romantic idealists reveals the fact that modern reason and the psychosis can be both faces of one and the same coin. The Mirror Stage, the Imaginary, and the Formula of the Desire in Lacan's Theory shows that the Image of completeness is the result of Mis-understanding. Even if the Mirror stage is necessary for the Formation of the subject, at the same time it should also lead to the next stage, i.e., the Symbolic Order. It is considered as the realm of the Otherness, which refers to the realm of language or that of law. If the Ego can't go through the symbolic castration acted on by the Name of the Father, he will be remained in the prison of the Imaginary. The Madness also shows the similar process. For Hegel the Discipline of the Labor or the Death as absolute Otherness that inevitably delays the Desire plays the same role as the name of Father. It may be the experience of Separation or that of Sublation of the individual towards the universal, which is equivalent to the experience of Symbolic castration in Lacan. Furthermore there may be the difference between Hegel and Lacan as the following; while in Hegel the experience of Separation is founded on the spontaneity of the Spirit, for Lacan it is to be compelled and structured by the absolute Other.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.241-262
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• 2023

The phenomena and game records that occur in sports matches are being analyzed in the field of sports game analysis, utilizing advanced technologies and various scientific analysis methods. Among these methods, social network analysis is actively employed in analyzing pass networks. As football is a representative sport in which the game unfolds through player interactions, efforts are being made to provide new insights into the game using social network analysis, which were previously unattainable. Consequently, this study aims to analyze the changes in pass networks over time for a specific football team and compare them in different scenarios, including variations in the game's nature (Qatar World Cup games vs. A match games) and alterations in the opposing team (higher FIFA rankers vs. lower FIFA rankers). To elaborate, we selected ten matches from the games of the Korean national football team following Coach Bento's appointment, extracted network indicators for these matches, and applied four indicators (efficiency, cohesion, vulnerability, and activity/leadership) from a football team's performance evaluation model to the extracted data for analysis under different circumstances. The research findings revealed a significant increase in cohesion and a substantial decrease in vulnerability during the analysis of game performance over time. In the comparative analysis based on changes in the game's nature, Qatar World Cup matches exhibited superior performance across all aspects of the evaluation model compared to A matches. Lastly, in the comparative analysis considering the variations in the opposing team, matches against lower FIFA rankers displayed superior performance in all aspects of the evaluation model in comparison to matches against top FIFA rankers. We hope that the outcomes of this study can serve as essential foundational data for the selection of football team coaches and the development of game strategies, thereby contributing to the enhancement of the team's performance.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.170-175
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• 2023

In this study, the effect of MnSO₄ on the insecticidal crystal (IC) produced by Bacillus thuringiensis for a rapid detection medium was analyzed. The strains used included one B. thuringiensis reference (KCTC 1511) and nine wild-type strains. The IC in B. thuringiensis was detected following the method published by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in Korea. In the nutrient agar to which 0.005% MnSO₄ was added, IC was observed on two of the three plates after 48 hours of incubation and on all three plates after 120 hours. In AK agar, IC was observed on one and two of the three plates after 48 and 96 hours of incubation, respectively. These results indicated that 0.005% MnSO₄ nutrient agar is more appropriate than AK agar for production of IC in B. thuringiensis. The effect of various MnSO₄ concentrations on IC production was studied after 24 hours of incubation. IC was produced on 1 of the 10 plates with 0.000% MnSO₄ nutrient agar, 2 of the 10 plates with 0.001% MnSO₄ nutrient agar, and 3 of the 10 plates with 0.002% MnSO₄ nutrient agar. IC was not observed for the other nutrient agars containing 0.003%-0.009% MnSO₄. These results indicated that nutrient agar with 0.002% MnSO₄ led to the most rapid production of IC by B. thuringiensis after 24 hours of incubation. However, the conditions for IC production by B. thuringiensis depended on the incubation conditions and strain activity. Therefore, further studies are needed to verify the effects of 0.002% MnSO₄ on the production of IC by various Bacillus thuringiensis strains.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.137-166
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• 2020

While South Koreans overseas travelling rate has been increased every year, domestic travelling rate has been at a standstill for several years. The purpose of this study is to analyze domestic traveling styles of Koreans according to their generations in order to provide generation-specific traveling services. For this purpose, we categorized the survey respondents into four different generations, which are Millennium (age 19~34), X generation (35~54), Baby Boomer (55~64) and senior by following the criterions of the Korea National Tourism Organization. After then, we analyze factors related to travel preparation process, the actual traveling activities and satisfaction after the travel. In this study, 16,713 data collected by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism are used. The results of this study show that Korean people tends to acquire domestic traveling information from their own or acquaintances past experiences. Also, they do not prefer the organized trip for domestic travels, thus do not buy package products a lot. In addition, natural scenery, rich in cultural heritage, and convenient accommodation are the most important determinant factors affecting the overall travel satisfaction of level for all generations. The traveling characteristics for each generation are as follows. Millennium get traveling information from the internet a lot, and more specifically, they refer portal sites and social network services (SNS) in many cases. Also, they tend to travel in summer peak season to popular destinations and pursues active traveling experiences. Generation X has similar traveling patterns with Millennium, however they major transportation method is using their own car. Also, transportation convenience and satisfactory leisure activity are important factors affecting the overall satisfaction level to Generation X. On the other hand, Baby boomer generation has a greater emphasis on appreciation of nature, visiting famous restaurants, and relaxation, rather than actively participating experiencing programs. They travel evenly in summer and spring/fall season to many different areas instead of focusing on popular tourist spots. In addition, shopping and eating delicious food are the important factors affecting the overall satisfaction level for them. Lastly, Senior generation has similar characteristics with Baby boomer in many ways, however, they travel a lot on the same day using public transportations or car rental service. They prefer spring and autumn trips rather than summer peak season, and tend to buy packaged travel products a lot compared with other generations. If these different traveling characteristics of each generation are considered for organizing and customizing tourism services, it is expected that domestic tourism satisfaction level will be ultimately increased.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.500-508
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• 2024

Recently, there has been increasing interest in enhancing the indoor air quality, particularly in response to the growing utilization of public facilities. The focus of this study was on assessing the efficacy and safety of an air sterilizer equipped with electrolytic salt catalysts. To that end, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of the vapor spraying from the air sterilizer and its cytotoxicity in condensed form on human cell lines (HaCaT, BEAS-2B, and THP-1). Against the test organisms, which comprised five bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium) and one fungal strain (Candida albicans), the air sterilizer exhibited relatively high antimicrobial activities ranging from 10.89 to 73.98% following 1 and 3 hr of vapor spraying, which were notably time-dependent. Importantly, cytotoxicity assessments on human cells indicated no significant harmful effect even at a 1.0% concentration. Comprehensive safety evaluations included morphological observations, gene expression (Bcl-2, Bax) tests, and FACS analysis of intracellular ROS levels. Consistent with previous cytotoxicity findings, these estimates demonstrated no significant changes, highlighting the air sterilizer's safety and antimicrobial activities. In a simulated 20-hr operation within an indoor environment, the air sterilizer not only showed an 89.4% removal of total bacteria but also a 100.0% removal of Escherichia sp. and fungi. This research outlines the potential of the developed electrolytic salt catalyst air sterilizer to effectively remove indoor microbial pollutants without compromising human safety, underscoring the solution that it offers for improving indoor air quality.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.485-492
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• 2024

Sea cucumbers contain more than 50% protein in their solid content, and they also possess various bioactive substances such as saponins and mucopolysaccharides. This study analyzed the activities of various enzymes derived from Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria and determined to degrade the components of sea cucumbers. Among the analyzed strains, B. subtilis K26 showed the highest activities in protease and xylanase and relatively high activity in cellulase. Accordingly, samples of sea cucumber and water were mixed in equal proportions, sterilized, and then fermented by inoculating them with B. subtilis K26. Following this, a higher amino acid content was observed between 1.5 and 7.5 hr, a lower residual solid content in this time, and a lesser fermentation odor. The saponin content in fermented sea cucumber powder extracted with butanol was measured to be 1.12 mg/g. The chondroitin sulfate content was evaluated to be 5.11 mg/g in raw sea cucumber. The total polyphenol content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activities were 6.95 mg gallic acid equivalent/g, 3.69 mg quercetin equivalent/g, and 3.69 mg quercetin equivalent/g in raw sea cucumber, respectively. Moreover, the DNA damage protective effect of fermented sea cucumber extract was found to be concentration-dependent, with a very strong effect at very low concentrations. Overall, we suggest that sea cucumber fermented with B. subtilis K26 has a high potential as a food for inhibiting oxidation, enhancing immunity, and improving muscle function in the human body thanks to its high free amino acid content.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.146-154
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• 2023

To develop a multi-functional ingredient, the bioconversion of katsuobushi protein was optimized using Bacillus subtilis HA and Lactobacillus plantarum KS2020. The Dendropanax morbiferus extract (DME) culture with protease activity (102 unit/mL) was prepared by B. subtilis with 2% glucose and 1% skim milk through one day of alkaline fermentation. Katsuobushi protein was effectively hydrolyzed by the DME culture at 60℃ for 3 hours, resulting in a tyrosine content of 156.85 mg%. Subsequently, a second lactic acid fermentation was carried out with 10% monosodium glutamate (MSG) using L. plantarum KS2020 to produce higher levels of GABA. Following co-cultivation for three days, DME exhibited a pH of 8.3 (0% acidity). After seven days, the viable cell count of L. plantarum increased to 9.33 CFU/mL, but viable Bacillus cells were not detected. Taken together, a multi-functional ingredient with enriched GABA, peptides, probiotics, and umami flavor was developed through lactic acid fermentation using hydrolyzed katsuobushi protein. These results indicate that katsuobushi protein could be used as a byproduct to produce a palatable protein hydrolysate using alkaline-fermented DME culture as a proteolytic enzyme source.