• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.68-76
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• 2012

Contemporary architecture has a tendency to concretely approach based on the concept of Deuleuze's 'fold' diversity problems creating continuously potential diversities within Post-structural paradigm. Contemporary architecture relates to human life through its relation with human being. The research investigates through case study the possible relation of the concept of Deulezue's 'fold', one of his concepts of 'unfolding' based on Monadology, with logic of creation that constructs a space in contemporary architectural space. Eight contemporary architectural spaces since 1990 with architectural embodiment of Deulezue's 'fold' concept have been selected as cases. Based on the fact that the potential possibility of a space can be embodied by the thinking of 'fold', the research draws four physical activities such as 'properties connection', 'beyond border', 'diversity of circulation' and 'potential opportunity', through which it studies on the principle of actualization of space creation. Consideration of metaphysical theory as a pre-modern and outdated one may lose a huge potentiality. Leibniz's metaphysics can be rediscovered as a model that provides diverse potentiality. The concept of 'fold' in Monadology needs be reconsidered because it possibly suggests a methodology that embodies through the actualization of space the meanings underlain in contemporary architectural space.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.807-812
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• 2007

Purpose: The presence of epicanthal fold and the absence of supratarsal fold are characteristics of Korean eyelids. There has been many surgical procedures to eliminate medial epicanthal fold but those procedures focus on the lengthening of horizontal palpebral fissure and the shortening of intercanthal distance so that the shape of eye had tendency to be sharp. The authors suggest that the supermedial shifting of epicanthal fold enhance the aesthetic result. Methods: From Sep 2006 to May 2007, total 17 women(mean age 22) with Type III epicanthal fold underwent epicanthoplasty using author's modified Uchida method. The design for epicanthoplasty was drawn superolaterally along epicanthal fold and split V-W plasty was done to shift the epicanthal fold superomedially. Also non-incisional double-eyelid operation was underwent. Results: The epicanthal fold was shifted in superomedially, intercanthal distance was shortened and double-eyelid was achieved. The patients were satisfied with the result and no major complication was noted. Conclusion: This method can be effective in correcting the epicanthal fold of Korean eyelid by shifting the epicanthal fold superomedially to make the shape of eye aesthetically without noticeable scar.

• 복식
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.25-43
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• 2003

This study is to classify the types of Jikryung and to look into formative . periodic Characteristics. Results of analyzing can be described as follows. 1. Jikryung in the Chosun Era was classified according to whether it had a side hem. Jikryung which had side hem was reclassified according to the position of the side hem into inside, inside and outside and outside fold types and backward leaning type. Jikryung with no side hem was reclassified into types of closed and opened sides. 2. Concerning formative Characteristics, the type of inside fold was coexisted with the types of short front and long rear, the same front and rear, and narrow sleeves, bean chaff typed sleeves. Inside and outside fold type was used the type of short front and long rear, narrow sleeves. Outside fold type was used the type of same front and rear, bean chaff typed sleeves. Backward leaning type was used the same front and rear, wide sleeves. The types of closed and opened sides transformed from double Sup to single Sup and from narrow sleeves to bean chaff in its form and wide sleeves. 3. Concerning periodic Characteristics, the 1st period of Jikryung with side hem showed up the type of inside and outside fold, the 2nd period did the type of outside fold, The 3rd period did the type of backward leaning. Regarding Jikryung with no side hem, its 1st and 3rd periods saw the type of closed side, while its 2nd period coexisted with the types of closed and opened sides.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.95-99
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• 2017

Schwannoma, also known as a neurilemmomas or neurinomas, is benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors arising from the Schwann cells. About 25~45 % of all schwannomas are found in the head and neck region, and the majority are found in the parapharyngeal space. Schwannoma of the larynx is very rare with an incidence of 0.1~1.5% in all benign laryngeal tumors. Recently, we experienced a case of a pedunculated schwannoma arising from the left aryepiglottic fold in a 80-year-old patient. The tumor was completely excised under direct laryngoscopy with the use of a $CO_2$ laser and subsequently confirmed as schwannoma. So, we report this case with a review of the literatures.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2007년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.118-121
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• 2007

Modem society has been complicated and diverse, and then various paradigms coexist. We can see Postmodernism moving in the flows of modern architecture. Therefore looming large is the Fold architecture that can surmount the limit of design in Postmodernism and Deconstruction and suits to the modern culture as an architectural alternative. So I believe this research can make us perceive the streams of modern interior space by considering the features and meanings of Fold conception which has been noticeable in the overall architecture and culture since the middle of 1990's with analyzing and defining atypical organic Fold characteristics appearing in modern interior since 2000, and also predict the next changing direction.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.229-241
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• 2008

TBTCl에 36주 동안 노출된 대복(Gomphina veneriformis)의 성장과 외투막의 조직학적 변화를 관찰하였다. 대복의 성장은 모든 실험구의 개체들이 12주 이후부터 대조구에 비해 유의적인 차이를 보이며 감소하였다(p < 0.05). 대복의 외투막은 가장자리에 4 개의 주름 (내부 안쪽, 외부 안쪽, 가운데, 바깥쪽)을 가지며, 단층의 원주형 상피층이 결합조직층을 둘러싸고 있는 구조였다. 대복의 외투막은 TBTCl 노출 12주 이후부터 혈림프동이 확장과 근섬유 다발의 분절이 관찰되었다. 노출 20주에는 내부상피층에 존재하는 점액세포들이 대조구보다 유의적인 차이를 보이며 감소하였지만(p < 0.05), 외투막 가장자리에 존재하는 주름들에서는 노출 12주까지 감소하였던 점액세포가 증가하면서 AB-PAS (pH 2.5) 반응시 보라색 (2587c)으로 관찰되는 점액물질이 관찰되었다. 이후 노출 28주에는 가운데 주름 부위의 안쪽 분지에서 상피세포의 변형이 관찰되었고, 외부 상피층에서는 상피세포의 부분적인 파괴가 관찰되었다. 실험 종료시기인 36주에는 바깥쪽 주름 부위에 호산성 과립들이 관찰되었으며, 가운데 주름부위의 바깥 분지에서 상피세포의 변형과 파괴로 인한 상피층의 붕괴가 관찰되었다. 또한 외부 상피층의 상피세포들은 입방형 또는 편평형으로의 변화와 함께 부분적인 상피층의 붕괴가 나타났고, 그로 인하여 상피층의 두께가 감소하였다. 따라서 섬모의 탈락과 점액세포의 감소 그리고 상피층의 파괴는 외투강 정화 기능의 장애로 인한 먹이 섭식의 장애를 유발할 것으로 생각되며, 특히 외투막 가장자리에 존재하는 주름들의 구조적인 변화는 각피층 형성을 억제하여 패각 성장 장애의 직접적인 원인으로 생각되어진다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.249-265
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• 2005

Creative application in elaborate techniques can not only make design constructs productive but also can widen designers' figurative perspectives. There are many techniques applied in fashion design such as folds, patchworks, embroidery, dyeing, industrial treatment, etc. In particular, folds play a significant part in enlightening clothes uniqueness in contemporary fashion design. The primary purpose of this study was to make new suggestion for the production of high value-added fashion goods by reviewing and synthesizing fold expressions. Diverse fold designs were retrieved through a comprehensive literature review on topic-related books, fashion dictionaries, and fashion encyclopedias. Significant cases of fashion designs using folds were retrieved from fashion magazines uploaded from 2000. There are three types of folds applied in fashion design. (1) The folds by needlework like tucks, smocking, shirring, and trimming type folds(ruffle, frill, flounce, and ruche). (2) The folds by chemical or mechanical treatment like permanent pleats and crinkle. (3) The folds of formative dress like drape. From a comprehensive review of the folds design cases after 2000, the following characteristics of folds design were identified: (1) a highlighted role in the whole, (2) mixture and deformation of techniques and materials, (3) 3-D surface effect, (4) creation of a unique figurative beauty, and (5) expression of diverse fashion image.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.106-124
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the three-dimensional (3D) characteristics and reproducibility of the effective expression of North American smocking pleats in the process of making clothes using a 3D virtual clothing system (CLO) and present a method of expression according to the types of North American smocking. In this study, lattice, lozenge, and flower smocking were produced as real smocking and 3D virtual content, and actual muslin properties were measured using a Fabric Kit and reflected using an emulator. The results of this study confirmed that a dense puckered design such as North American smocking could be expressed depending upon the internal line, fold angle, and reinforcement setting for 3D smocking. To partially apply pleats to flat fabrics, it was necessary to set fold lines. The fold line setting could be expressed by designing the internal line in horizontal, vertical, and diagonal directions according to the North American smocking design, and then setting the fold angle for each internal line. By setting fold angles of 0 degrees and 360 degrees according to the folding direction of the set internal line, the fabric was clearly folded and stable pleats were created. This study will contribute to the vitalization of the 3D virtual fashion content industry by analyzing and presenting the optimal expression method of sophisticated and complex pleats generated according to the North American smocking design pattern.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.231-236
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• 2005

Nowadays breast reconstruction with autologous tissues after radical mastectomy is commonly performed, and a natural inframammary fold in the reconstructed breast is considered to be an essential aspect of symmetrical breast shape and location. Total of 104 patients underwent breast reconstruction with free TRAM flap and formation of inframammary fold with free TRAM breast reconstruction was done in 79 patients. No suture fixation for inframammary fold were done in 19 patients. 27 patients(24.0%) were made of inframammary fold with absorbable suture, 52 patients (50.0%) underwent inframammary fold creation with nonabsorbable suture. There were 4 cases(16.0%) of displacement of reconstructed breast and 2 cases(8.0%) of partial disruption of inframammary fold in the group of no suture. There were 2 cases(7.4%) of displacement of reconstructed breast and 3 cases(11.1%) of partial disruption of inframmamary fold in the fixed group with absorbable suture. There was only 1 case(1.9%) of partial disruption of inframammary fold fixed with nonabsorbable suture group. Therefore, we could speculate that the reinforcement of ligamentous structure for making the definite inframammary fold is necessary, and the area of the inframammary fold should not be undermined in immediate breast reconstruction as much as possible in order to preserve the zone of adherence. If the fold is disrupted during the mastectomy, it should be re-created with the non-absorbable sutures. Nonabsorbable suture fixation seemed to be more stable than absorbable suture. Preoperative marking and design are very important to make the symmetrical shape and location of inframammary fold in both of immediate and delayed reconstruction of breasts.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.471-479
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• 2008

Purpose: Sunken eyelid is a deformity of upper eyelid due to atrophy of periocular fat tissue, loss of skin elasticity. It causes the skin retraction of eyelid and unfavorable fold. Sunken eyelid occurs from the results of natural aging process, facial trauma, complication of previous periocular surgery, etc. We acquired a satisfied correction of sunken eyelid and unfavorable fold using autologous fat injection only. The aim of this study is a assessment of autologous fat injection for correction of sunken eyelid accompanied with unfavorable fold. Methods: From August 2002 to March 2006, we performed 37 cases of correction of sunken eyelid with unfavorable fold using autologous fat injection. They were all females with ages ranged from 23 to 63. Fat was harvested from lower abdomen and centrifuged with Coleman system. Multi-layered injection of purified fat was done from orbital fat layer to orbicularis oculi muscle. Results: Overall, improvement of sunken eye and unfavorable fold was observed in the majority of the patients. Discomfort of eye opening was improved in 24 patients. The average injection volume was 1.33 mL in right eyelid, 1.31 mL in left eyelid at first injection. Second injection was done in patients who absorption of injected fat was noted with. No specific complications were observed. Conclusion: Natural and attractive upper eyelid was acquired from fat injection only in sunken eyelid with unfavorable fold. To the authors' knowledge, it is desirable for sunken eyelid accompanied with unfavorable fold to be treated with autologous fat injection at first. Although some shortcomings are substantial, autologous fat injection is easy and effective method for correction of unfavorable fold in sunken eyelid without specific complication.