• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.545-550
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• 2010

Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome (FSS, also known as "Whistling Face Syndrome") is a rare genetic condition which characteristically includes a small "whistling" mouth, a flat mask-like face, club feet, joint contractures usually involving the fingers and hands, and under-development of the cartilage of the nose. Intelligence is usually normal. Most of the features of this syndrome are due to muscle weakness. The patient, 11 years old boy was consulted from pediatrics to pediatric dentistry due to dental management. After clinical & radiographic examinations, severe multiple problems were found. Dental problems were microsomia(whistling mouth) & micrognathia, perioral muscle contracture, restricted mouth opening, poor oral hygiene & care, generalized dental caries, high palatal vault, severe malocclusion & crowding. And Orthopedic problems, ophthalmic & respiratory, anesthetic problems were found. Then He also had psychiatric problem, hospital(dental) phobia due to previous medical history(frequent hospitalization). And he had genital problem, cryptochidism, too. Due to these intricate problems, he suffered with feeding, swallowing difficulties and showed growth retardation. For enhancing patient's oral health, pediatric dentist, orthodontist, oral surgeon, pediatrician, psychiatrist, orthopedist, they all agree with early, cautious intervention and treatment. So, he has been treated by multidisciplinary care, now he is recovering general health maintenance.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.85-93
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• 2007

Summary of background data: It is researched until now and the researches against the effect of position cold treatment the effect which pain threshold, change of skin temperature, researches the effective stiffness, the coldness in the patient it applied and relax an inflammation do the researches against were insufficient. Purpose: This project was to see how much it gives effect by using the cold air therapy an inflammation relief of rheumatoid arthritis patient. Methods: The medical subjects were 10 people from standard to diagnosis category of American College of Rheumatology(ACR) who had rheumatoid arthritis and to inspect informations about inflammation relief, have inspected ESR(erythrocyte sedimentation rate) and WBC(white blood cells). The experiment method was to let the patient bend the joint and lay down flat and treat with cold air from 10 cm away from joint line repeating 5 minutes treatment 1 minute rest and 3 minutes treatment. ESR and WBC cold air therapy reported with 5 days gap and each patient has been applied for 3 times. Result: The 5th day and 10th days ESR and WBC value shows when using cold air therapy, there was a reduction on rejected group but didn't last long, but 15th day it showed only on WBC it had its attention. Conclusions: So the cold air therapy shows it has positive effects on inflammation relief of rheumatoid arthritis patient.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.30 no.11
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• pp.1092-1101
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• 2003

Most of 3D character animation adjusts the gait of their characters for various terrains, using motion capture data through the motion capture equipments. This motion capture data can be naturally presented as real human motions, which are to be adjusted according to the various types of terrain. In addition, there would be a difficulty applying motion capture data for other characters in which the motion data will be captured again or edited for the existing motion data. Therefore, this paper proposes a method that is to generate walking motion for various terrains, such as flat, inclined plane, stair, and irregular face, and a method that is to calculate the trajectory of the swing leg and pelvis. These methods are able to generate various gaits controlled by the parameters of body height, walking speed, stride, etc. In addition, the positions and angles of joint can be calculated by using inverse kinematics, and the cubic spline will be used to calculate the trajectory of the joint.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.206-214
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• 2014

This study is to evaluate how different bearing surface angles of abutment screw affect the mechanical stability of the joint in the conical seal design implant system. Materials and Methods: Internal connection type regular implants, two-piece cemented type abutments and tungsten carbide/carbon-coated titanium alloy abutment screws were selected. Titanium alloy screws with conical ($45^{\circ}$) and flat ($90^{\circ}$) head designs which fit on to abutment were fabricated. The abutments were tightened to implants with 30 Ncm by digital torque gauge. The loading was applied once to the central axis of abutment. The mean axial displacement was measured using micrometer before and after the tightening and loading (n = 5). The abutment was tightened to implants with 30 Ncm and T-shape stainless steel crown was cemented. Then the change in the amount of reverse-torque was measured after the repeated loading to the central axis, and the place 5 mm away from the central axis. Compressive bending and fatigue strength were measured at the place 5 mm away from the central axis (n = 5). Results: Both groups showed the largest axial displacement when abutment screw tightening and total displacement was greater in the flat head group compared to conical head group (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in reverse torque value, compressive bending and fatigue strength (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the abutment screw head design had no effect on two groups regarding the joint stability, however the conical head design affected the settlement of abutment resulting in the reduced total displacement.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.162-168
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• 2003

Purpose: Primary malignant bone tumors are classified with mesenchymal sarcomas (MS) such as osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma and small round cell sarcomas (SRS) such as Ewing's sarcoma and lymphoma. Radiological examinations for skeletal sarcoma were using MR scan in tubular bone sarcomas and CT scan in flat bone sarcomas recently. Both MR and CT scans show some findings of bone destruction and soft tissue mass but MR scans don't reveal a finding with mineralization relatively. So we investigated bone destructive pattern of skeletal sarcomas on both MR and CT scans for differentiation of MS and SRS. Materials and Methods: There are 28 MS and 26 SRS examined with MR or CT scans. The findings according to bone destructive pattern were divided to eccentric and concentric in 26 cases of tubular bone sarcomas with MR scan and 28 cases of flat bone sarcomas with CT scan. Results: MR images revealed eccentric destruction in 12 cases of 16 MS and concentric in all cases of 10 SRS (p>.01). CT images showed eccentric destruction in 10 cases of 12 MS and concentric bone destruction in 13 cases of 16 SRS (p>.01) Conclusion: The findings divided to eccentric and concentric bone destructive patterns were useful for differential diagnosis of MS from SRS on both MR and CT scans.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.236-241
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• 2015

This paper presents a study on transformable multiple quadruped robots by docking between robots and waist joints. This robot is able to go on a variety of angles because of mecanum wheels. It is also a hybrid design which allows robot use legs to overcome obstacles on complex terrains and wheels to move on flat ground. The robot is applied kinematics of mecanum wheels and walking, and its walking is based on specific patterns. Docking module is located in front and backside of robot, docking algorithm is suggested and fulfilled for docking between 2 robots. A waist joint is at the center of robot body for transformation and after docking and transformation, robot can activate new functions that carry something.

• Laser Solutions
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.14-17
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• 2009

The laser welding was performed for the flange joint of two overlapped coaxial circular pipes which serve as the inlet and connector pipes of STS 316L. The laser welding test finally resulted in a good penetration depth of 1.8 to 2.0 mm. On the way to get the good welding quality, two important parameters were found to be optimized. One is the focal positioning which is the offset of the laser beam focus to the exact welding seam line, which is more critical in the inner flange laser welding. When the beam spot size was deviated more than $200\;{\mu}m$ from the seam line, welding of two pipes is failed. The other is a gap size since a certain amount of gap is inevitable due to fabrication tolerance, or artificial allowances for smooth insertion of a pipe. However, it is required to restrict the gap allowance within 0.2mm to avoid undesirable undercut on a welding bead.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1780-1783
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• 2005

In this paper ZMP was considered in order to get a walking stability, so the gait in the stable domain was realized through putting the stability margin in the sole domain of a foot. It is assumed that the robot's legs have 12 joints to operate a open-loop drive and there was no external disturbance under walking phases, additionally, the robot is walking on the flat plane. It was observed that the robot's walking trajectory, locus of COM and ZMP after imposing the motion to each joint. For realizing the simulation considering ZMP and movement of mass center, it was checked if it is stable for the constraint robot model to walk in stability and the feasibility was estimated about its dynamic gait. Eventually it was shown that a constraint gait algorithm is able to realize. To verify the proper walking process, ZMP(Zero Moment Point) theory is applied and the simulation has been done by ADAMS.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.423-432
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• 2020

In this paper, a novel but practical approach named series/parallel multi-sensing technique was proposed to evaluate the bolt looseness in a bolt group. The smart washers (SWs), which were fabricated by embedding a Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) transducer into two flat metal rings, were installed to the bolts group. By series connection of SWs, the impedance signals of different bolts can be obtained through only one sweep. Therefore, once the loosening occurred, the shift of different peak frequencies can be used to locate which bolt has loosened. The proposed multi input single output (MISO) damage detection scheme is very suitable for the structural health monitoring (SHM) of joint with a large number of bolts connection. Another notable contribution of this paper is the proposal of 3-dB bandwidth root mean square deviation (3 dB-RMSD) which can quantitatively evaluate the severity of bolt looseness. Compared with the traditional naked-eye observation method, the equivalent circuit based 3-dB bandwidth can accurately define the calculation range of RMSD. An experiment with three bolted connection specimens that installed the SWs was carried out to validate our proposed approach. Experimental result shows that the proposed 3 dB-RMSD based multi-sensing technique can not only identify the loosened bolt but also monitor the severity of bolt looseness.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.693-710
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• 1998

This paper concerns studies on the shape formation of post-tensioned and shaped steel domes. The post-tensioned and shaped steel domes, assembled initially at ground level in an essentially flat condition, are shaped to a curved space form and erected into the final position by means of a post-tensioning technique. Based on previous studies on this shape formation principle, three post-tensioned and shaped steel domes have been constructed. The results of the shape formation tests and finite element analyses are reported in this paper. It is found that the first two test domes did not furnish a part-spherical shape as predicted by finite element analyses, because the movements of some mechanisms were not controlled sufficiently. With a revised post-tensioning method, the third dome obtained the theoretical prediction. The test results of the three post-tensioned and shaped domes have shown that a necessary condition to form a desired space shape from a planar layout with low joint stiffnesses is that the movements of all the existing mechanisms must be effectively controlled as indicated by the finite element analysis. The extent of the maximum elastic deformation of a post-tensioned and shaped steel structure is determined by the strength of the top chords and their joints. However, due to the semi-rigid characteristic of the top chord joints, the finite element analyses cannot give a close prediction for the maximum elastic deformations of the post-tensioned and shaped steel domes. The results of the current studies can be helpful for the design and construction of this type of structure.