• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.211-218
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• 2020

In recent years, the hub and spoke strategy has been strengthened in accordance with the enlargement of ships. As the needs of the port users change, the ports are also becoming larger and modernized. Under these circumstances, changes in existing port operations are expected. One example is the movement to promote economic and operational effectiveness through the joint operation of small and medium-sized operators. This study analyzed the effect of the association of small and medium-sized operators on Busan New Port in terms of economy. Additionally, the issue of cost allocation within the association of operators was presented through the game theory. As a result, in the case of operating jointly rather than divided into five operating companies as of the present, it has been shown to have a cost reduction effect in terms of operating companies. Considering the use of the Proportional method, the Shapley Value, and the Nucleus method in allocating the costs among the operators participating in the coalition, the Shapley Value method was the most suitable method in this study.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.55-61
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• 2023

In this study, a basic research was conducted to establish a maintenance plan considering the environmental factors and deterioration characteristics of port facilities. The precise safety diagnosis reports for Incheon and Busan port facilities were referenced to examine the extent of deterioration and damage. The relationship with the degradation environmental assessment presented in the current guidelines was also analyzed. The analysis of the damage level of Incheon and Busan port facilities revealed that Incheon Port exhibited approximately three times higher damage rate compared to Busan Port. In the case of Incheon Port, reinforcement corrosion and external damage showed similar proportions, while in Busan Port, reinforcement corrosion had a higher proportion compared to external damage. On the other hand, when comparing with the degradation environmental assessment presented in the guidelines, it was found that there were some limitations in performing quantitative evaluation based on the guidelines for assessing port facilities. Therefore, an analysis based on tidal range was conducted by referring to existing literature. The analysis of tidal range in Incheon and Busan regions showed that Incheon had approximately five times higher difference compared to Busan. It is considered that this can be utilized as a differentiated item from existing degradation environmental assessment criteria.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.91-106
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• 2015

This study aims to analyze the effects of service quality offered by automotive Ro-Ro terminal operators on customer satisfaction and loyalty. The results of the research can be used to understand how to enhance the service level in order to manage competitiveness of the terminal operators, finally resulting in global competitiveness of the automobile industry of Korea in both exports and imports. We carried out a survey on two groups: shippers (customers) and providers (related terminal operators and stakeholders). To identify and classify the factors into groups, we conducted Exploratory Factors Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), which showed construct validity and convergent validity. We also calculated Cronbach's alpha for reliability. Five factor groups were identified: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. We found that empathy is the most influential factor group among the five groups, and that the other groups too exhibited similar effects. Based on the results of the survey and analyses, we can conclude that empathy is most important in automotive Ro-Ro terminals. In particular, specialties, training, experiences, and loyalty of employees are crucial factors because automotive Ro-Ro terminals significantly rely on work forces, differently from other bulk terminals and container terminals. Flexible working hours and fringe benefits for work forces can increase empathy, finally resulting in productivity and efficiency. Next, well-designed work schedules are followed, based on visibility through logistics and SCM activities in automobile export and import processes with information and communication networks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2012.06a
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• pp.7-8
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• 2012

Using a questionnaire, this study examined the users' consciousness through the human five senses on the waterside space in the district of Minato Mirai 21, Yokohama located in the east of Kanagawa prefecture, which is well known for its waterfront in Japan. Among the users, the results of the questionnaire showed 52.2% of male, and 29.6% accounted for people in their twenties as the dominant groups. Out of the nineteen questions regarding the consciousness on the waterside space, 'feel the sea breeze' accounted for 237(78.7%) while 'the sea is visible' accounted for 217(72.1%). Then, the contents of the nineteen questions were re-classified into such seven items as the human five senses(sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell), activities, and the existence of facilities, discovering the consciousness of the users. The results demonstrated that touch(22.9%) and sight(20.8%) respectively were the most influential items.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.115-123
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• 2018

This study aims to analyze the importance of activating factors in the companies operating in the free trade zone of Pyeongtaek Port by using hierarchical analytical decision making method and suggest implications according to the analysis results. As a result of analyzing the importance of the five factors, it was found that most of the companies in the free trade zone of Pyeongtaek Port were aware of the infrastructure factor (0.330), finance and budget (0.223), organization and operation (0.188), manpower (0.119) in order of importance. In detail, the expansion of the route was recognized as the most important improvement. and Manufacturing companies were judged to be a more important factor in improving the entry conditions of manufacturers and strengthening the distribution of value added. In logistics companies, the importance of manpower is higher than manufacturing companies. The implications for the results of the analysis are diversification of route in Pyeongtaek Port, improvement of the infrastructure near the free trade zone, and The need for institutional improvements. Also, in the future, we suggest the necessity of activation research for non - residents.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.73-89
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• 2012

As the environment surrounding ports is rapidly changing and ports competition in Southeast Asia has become more severe to secure cargo volumes, ports strive to enhance their competitiveness by improving the efficiency of operations. The operational efficiency of ports, plays a crucial role to improve a nation's. This study aims to analyze the efficiency of container port and its determinants during over five year(2006 to 2010) period using DEA-O and Tobit regression respectively. The results show that firstly, Gamman is the most efficient container terminal, followed by New Gamman container terminal and Hutchison Busan container terminal. Secondly, it is notable that the efficiency of Busan Newport is dramatically increasing, and finally, the yard productivity of the container port is only influencing determinant of all.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.83-94
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• 2016

The primary purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of bilateral Free Trade Agreements on international trade volume of bulk shipment at the port of Busan in Korea using the Gravity Model. Most recently, the total of 15 Korea's FTAs have been enforced since Korea-Chile FTA in 2004 and more than 50 countries became member of Korea's FTAs. Therefore, aggregated trade volume of Korea's FTA members out of the total trade volume in Korea increased from 25% in 2011 to 67% in 2015. Five Korea's bilateral FTA members are concerned as experimental group while top 10 foreign countries base on trade volume of bulk shipment are applied to the model as control group and panel data was used in this study. According to the results, bilateral FTA, GDP and population have positive impacts on trade volume of bulk shipment at the port of Busan. On the other hand, distance between Korea and its trade partner has negative impact. In examining Hausman test and LR test, the random effect model is statistically more appropriate than the fixed effect model for this study.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.243-250
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• 2021

Information on butterflies in the Niger Delta Region is relatively scanty because monitoring of their activities and distribution has not been fully documented and these are paramount to establish their conservation protocols. The study therefore aimed at evaluating the species richness distribution pattern, and relative abundance of butterflies in the University of Port Harcourt. The University Park was purposively selected for this study. The park was stratified into three different habitat types (secondary forest, farmland, and residential/garden). A sampling of each stratum was done three times; twice in the morning between 8:00 am and 12:00 pm as well as once in the evening between 4:00 pm and 6:00 pm along a 100 m line transects for 16 months (May 2017-August 2018). Data collected were analyzed for species diversity indices, evenness, and similarity index. A total of 1,932 individual butterflies belonging to 28 species, 18 genera, and five 5 families were identified in the study area. Species diversity and evenness were higher on farmland (1-D=0.909; H'=2.615; E=0.833), and least in the residential area/gardens (1-D=0.744; H'=1.975; E=0.659). The family Nymphalidae (39.0%) had the highest number of species occurrence while Hesperidae (0.4%) had the lowest composition. Anthene larydas (24.12%) had the highest relative abundance in the entire study area, followed by Acraea serena (17.49%). The study, therefore, recommends continuous monitoring of butterfly species diversity and composition also in other regions.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.13-30
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• 2011

It's vital to establish the competitive comparative advantage as the competitions among global logistics companies have become fierce. The global companies, hence, must innovate their Port Hinterland to hub and spoke in a view of SCM. The Port Hinterland significantly affects its local economy and value added. The task of the Port Hinterland nowadays is to improve its efficiencies by utilizing logistics operations and services. The Korean government has planned to reduce the scale of the Port. The CCR and BCC matrices show that there are nine efficient companies: two companies in Gwangyang Hinterland and five companies in Busan Hinterland, though Masan FTZ was only ranked on the 24th, on the rank of world FTZ. This paper aims at finding the cargo volume necessary for achieving the maximum efficiency. This research proposes an appropriate strategy to keep a certain amount of cargo volume stable and presents the Port Hinterland differentiation strategies of Gwangyang and Busan.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.275-289
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• 2018

It is necessary to develop a bridgehead port for trading with northern countries to promote trade through the East Sea because the East Sea Rim economic bloc around the Northeast Asia including South Korea, China, Russia, Japan, and North Korea has a high growth potential in the future. Therefore, this study aims to suggest a strategic direction to enhance the competitiveness of Donghae Port through reinforcement of container cargoes by conducting Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) for stakeholders of Donghae Port. The analysis results suggest that it is necessary to improve the five evaluation factors: attractiveness of container and bulk volumes, appropriate ratio of export/import container quantities, frequency of vessel entry and diversity of sea routes, convenience of complex linked transportation, and competitiveness of cargo handling equipment. The implications of this study are as follows. First, it is necessary to continuously research the current status of container and bulk cargo volumes of the port and ways to increase the absolute cargo volume. Second, we need to consider realistic alternatives to improve the ratio of export/import container quantities. Third, in terms of network, we should establish a service improvement plan to increase the frequency of port calls and the diversity of sea routes. Furthermore, incentives should be provided to increase the trade volume of Donghae Port through strengthened complex linked transportation function. Finally, it is urgently necessary to provide investment support for container handling equipment as an essential requirement for the activation of the container cargoes in Donghae Port.