• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.547-557
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• 2022

Dune sands are poorly graded collapsible soils lacking fines. This experimental study explored the technical feasibility of sustainable invigoration of fine waste materials to improve the geotechnical properties of dune sand. The fine waste considered in this study is fine marble waste. The fine waste powder was mixed with dune sand at different contents (5, 10,15, 20, 25, 50%), where the gradation, void ratio, compaction, and shear strength characteristics were assessed for each fine marble waste -dune sand blend. The geotechnical properties of the dune sand-fine marble waste mix delineated in this study reveal the enhancement in compaction and gradation characteristics of dune sand. According to the results, the binary mixture of dune sand with 20% of fine marble waste gives the highest maximum dry density and results in shear strength improvement. In addition, a numerical study is conducted for the practical application of the binary mix in the field and tested for an isolated shallow foundation. The elemental analysis of the fine marble waste confirms that the material is non-contaminated and can be employed for engineering applications. Furthermore, the numerical study elucidated that the shallow surface replacement of the site with the dune sand mixed with 20% fine marble waste gives optimal performance in terms of stress generation and settlement behavior of an isolated footing. For a sustainable mechanical performance of the fine marble waste mixed sand, an optimum dose of 20% fine marble waste is recommended, and some correlations are proposed. Thus, for improving dune sand's geotechnical characteristics, the addition of fine marble waste to the dune sand is an environment-friendly solution.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.63-74
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• 2023

All production and consumption activities produce wastes, which often cause damage to our environment and multiple risks to the human health. The valorization of these wastes in concrete technology is a future solution that will allow finding other construction materials sources, optimizing energy consumption and protecting the environment. Among these wastes, there is the marble waste. Every year, huge amount of marble waste is discarded as dust or aggregates form, in open-air storage areas causing serious problems for the environment and public health. In this context, the incorporation of marble waste as a replacement of ordinary aggregates or cement in concrete composition is actively investigated by researchers. This paper presents a comprehensive review of published studies over the last 20 years, dealing the effect of marble waste on fresh and hardened properties of concrete. Most of the studies carried out have used marble waste as dust with substitution rates between 5 and 20%. Besides the economic and ecological benefits, this review showed that marble waste can improve the physical, mechanical and durability properties of concrete. This improvement depends on the form (dust, fine aggregate or coarse aggregate), substitution method (as cement or aggregates replacement) and substitution rate of marble waste. Additionally, the review results showed that the use of 10-15% of marble waste dust as cement substitution can lead to increase the compressive strength.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.67 no.1
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• pp.87-91
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• 2018

Concrete is the most widely used building material all over the world, because of its many technical and economic qualities. This pressure on the concrete resource causes an intensive exploitation of the quarries of aggregates, which results in a exhaustion of these and environmental problems. That is why recycling and valorization of materials are considered as future solutions, to fill the deficit between production and consumption and to protect the environment. This study is part of the valorization process of local materials, which aims to reuse marble waste as fine aggregate (excess loads of marble waste exposed to bad weather conditions) available in the marble quarry of Fil-fila (Skikda, East of Algeria) in the manufacture of self-compacting concretes. It consists of introducing the marble waste as sand into the self-compacting concrete formulation, with variable percentages (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) and to study the development of its properties both in fresh state (air content, density, slump flow, V-funnel, L-box and sieve stability) as well as the hardened one (compressive strength and flexural strength). The results obtained showed us that marble wastes can be used as sand in the manufacture of self compacting concretes.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.1241-1251
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• 2015

Faced with the growing needs of material resources and requirements of environmental protection for achieving sustainable development, it has become necessary to study and investigate all possibilities of exploring crushed and dune sand, reusing industrial wastes and by-product, and also applying new technologies including sand concrete which can replace the conventional concretes in certain structures to surmount the deficit on construction materials, conserve natural resources, lessen the burden of pollutants to protect the environment and reduce the consumption of energy sources. This experimental study is a part of development and valorization of local materials project in Skikda region (East of Algeria). It aims at studying the effects of partial replacement of sand with marble waste as fines on several fresh and hardened properties of sand concrete in order to reuse these wastes in the concrete manufacturing, resolve the environmental problems caused by them and find another source of construction materials. To achieve these objectives, an experimental program has been carried out; it was consisted to incorporate different percentages of marble waste fines (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12%) in the formulations of sand concrete and study the development of several mechanical and rheological properties. We are also trying to find the optimal percentage of marble waste fine replaced in sand concrete that makes the strength of the concrete maximum. Obtained results showed that marble waste fines improve the properties of sand concrete and can be used as an additive material in sand concrete formulation.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.567-573
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• 2012

Compared with the natural marble, the artificial marble has the advantages of excellent appearance, high degree of finish, even color, fine pressure and wear resistance, bear erosion and weathering, etc. It can be widely used in kitchen countertops, bath vanity tops, table tops, furniture, reception desks, etc. However, large amounts of artificial marble waste such as scraps or dust have been generated from sawing and polishing processes in artificial marble industry. Waste from artificial marble industry is increasing according to demand magnification of luxurious interior material. Artificial marble wastes can be recycled as aluminum oxide used as raw materials in electronic materials, ceramics production, etc., and methyl methacrylate(MMA) which become a raw material of artificial marble by pulverization, pyrolysis and distillation processes. The characteristics of artificial marble wastes was analyzed by using TGA/DSC and element analysis. Crude aluminum oxide was obtained from artificial marble waste by pulverization and thermal decomposition under nitrogen atmosphere. In this work, Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the pyrolysis process. The characteristics of crude aluminum oxide was evaluated by chromaticity analysis, element analysis, and surface area.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.69-76
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• 2009

Alumina powder was prepared from heat-treatment of artificial marble waste fine aggregate containing $Al(OH)_3$ for the purpose of the feasibility of its recycling. Artificial marble waste was heat-treated between $500^{\circ}C$ and $1000^{\circ}C$ and XRD, BET surface area, BJH pore size distribution and adsorption of As were analyzed for heat-treated powder. It was found that the adsorption efficiency of As was significantly affected by phase composition of alumina powder rather than its physical characteristic. Heat-treated powder compact was sintered to produce the pellet. Alumina pellet with porosity more than 60% could be obtained after sintering below $1200^{\circ}C$ and also the addition of glass powder as a sintering aid had a positive effect on lowering sintering temperature, led to the high porosity near 60% and adsorption of As over 60% even at $900^{\circ}C$.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.335-346
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• 2022

Geopolymers are an important alternative material supporting recycling, sustainability, and waste management. Durability properties are among the most critical parameters to be investigated; in this study, the durability of manufactured geopolymer samples under the attack of 10% magnesium sulfate and 10% sodium sulfate solution was investigated. 180 cycles of freezing and thawing were also tested. The experimentally obtained results investigate the durability of geopolymer mortar prepared with fly ash (class F) and alkali activator. Three different quarry dust wastes replaced the river sand aggregate: limestone, marble, and basalt powder as fine filler aggregate in three different replacement ratios of 25%, 50%, and 75% to produce ten series of geopolymer composites. The geopolymer samples' visual appearance, weight changes, UPV, and strength properties were studied for up to 12 months at different time intervals of exposure to sulfate solutions to investigate sulfate resistance. In addition, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), EDS, and XRD were used to study the microstructure of the samples. It was beneficial to include quarry waste as a filler aggregate in durability and mechanical properties. The compact matrix was demonstrated by microstructural analysis of the manufactured specimens. The geopolymer mortars immersed in sodium sulfate showed less strength reduction and deterioration than magnesium sulfate, indicating that magnesium sulfate is more aggressive than sodium sulfate. Therefore, it is concluded that using waste dust interrogation with partial replacement of river sand with fly ash-based geopolymers has satisfactory results in terms of durability properties of freeze-thaw and sulfate resistance.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.373-381
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• 2023

Fly ash, granulated blast furnace slag, marble waste powder, etc. are just some of the by-products of other sectors that the construction industry is looking to include into the many types of concrete they produce. This research seeks to use surrogate machine learning methods to forecast the compressive strength of self-compacting concrete. The surrogate models were developed using Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) techniques. Compressive strength is used as the output variable, with nano silica content, cement content, coarse aggregate content, fine aggregate content, superplasticizer, curing duration, and water-binder ratio as input variables. Of the four models, GBM had the highest accuracy in determining the compressive strength of SCC. The concrete's compressive strength is worst predicted by GPR. Compressive strength of SCC with nano silica is found to be most affected by curing time and least by fine aggregate.