• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.99-105
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• 2012

The main challenges for the development of agricultural bio-degradable mulching film concern the degradation during the lifetime of cultivated crops. A set of rice by-product (rice-hull and rice-bran) based bio-degradable mulching films was developed and tested, following the measurement of standard bio-degradability rate and adaptability in a large scale field experiment. The standard bio-degradability of bio-film passed the KS (Korea standard) regulation. The result of mechanical analysis of bio-degradable mulching film presented a higher mechanical strength and elongation rate compared with polyethylene film. In addition, bio-film could be degraded into fragments within 4 months under the field condition of several upland crops. Bio-degradable mulching film indicated great potential as a new source of agricultural bio-degradable material.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.187-201
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• 2017

This study was conducted to elucidate the effect of mulching materials on growth characteristics, saponin contents and antioxidant activity of Platycodin grandiflorum Ridix roots for organic farming. Plastic film, sawdust and rice bran were treated by mulching with several different methods after transplanting P. grandiflorum Radix. In root length, when plastic film plot, sawdust plot and rice bran plot were treated, root length was recorded the highest scores (24.0~27.5 cm) in plastic film plot and sawdust plot. Root width was recorded the highest score (30.0 mm) in plastic film plot. Also, the number of fine-roots was the highest in plastic film plot (36.0). Fresh weight, which affects directly yield, was the highest in plastic film plot (130 g/plant). The contents of platycodin D3 and deapioplatycodin D were shown to 111.2 and 48.1 mg/100 g, the highest values were observed in sawdust plot. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were recorded the highest scores (11.0 and 8.6 mg/g, respectively) in plastic film plot. In this study we confirmed that there were differences among mulching materials in growth characteristics, saponin contents and antioxident activity of P. grandiflorum roots.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2010

Characteristics of mixing biodegradable polymers and polymer impregnated paper for mulching mat for seedling were investigated. The mixed film of 70% PLA was most easily biodegradable. The surface of polymer films were changed to more rough due to enzymatic degradation of lipase. Tensile strength and breaking elongation of PLA mixed films were increased to the 0.04-0.31 kN/m and the 0.17-0.96%, respectively. With higher PLA contents, intensities of ester originated carboxyl group(about $1,748cm^{-1}$) were increased. Physical properties of prepared mulching mats were increased with PLA contents and stiffness of mulching mat was not so much changed.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.112-116
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• 1993

The experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of rhizome size and mulching materials on some agronomic characters and flower-head yield of Gingiber mioga ROSCOE. The larger the size of rhizome was, the more the number of leaves developed, and the higher the yield was. The most suitable rhizome size for planting was found to be from I2cm to 15cm. Rice straw and polyethylene film mulching materials increased the soil porosity and reduced change of the soil moisture content. The yield of flower-head was highest in the straw-mulching plot, indicating that straw would be the best mulching material for growth and yield of flower-head in Gingiber mioga ROSCE.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1994.06a
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• pp.128-129
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• 1994

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.125-135
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• 1994

Field experiment was carried out in order to clarify effects of plastic film mulching on temperature and moisture of rhizosphere soil and their subsequent effects on seedling emergence, earlier growth, vegetative growth and grain yield of sesame. The textural class of the experimental field soil was the sandy loam(Bonyang series) and the variety of sesame planted was "Ansan-ggae". The experiment was conducted by combining four sowing dates of April 25, May 10, May 25, June 10 and two mulching treatments(mulching, non-mulching) over two year of 1991 and 1992. The results were summarized as follows : 1. The daily mean soil temperature of 5cm deep soil was increased by 1.4 to $2.8^{\circ}C$ by plastic film mulching. The average soil water content was increased by 0.5 to 3.0%(V/V) in the drier season, while decreased by 1.0 to 2.0%(V/V) in the rainy season by mulching. 2. The establishment rate of sesame seedling was very sensitive to soil temperature. For normal seedling emergence, from the seeding date to the 7th date after sowing, the daily mean soil temperature higher than $21.0^{\circ}C$ was required at the experimental field conditions. 3. The average soil water content in the range of 14.0 to 21.0%(V/V) at 5cm deep soil seemed not to be limiting for the germination and emergence of sesame. The effect of soil water content on seedling establishment was very small in this range, but the optimum level of soil water content ranged from 14.0 to 15.0%(V/V) in the experimented sandy loam. 4. The wetter the soil profile was, the larger the gap of soil temperature between the mulched and non-mulched condition was. The effect of mulching on the establishment rate of sesame seedlings was much greater in the lower air temperature conditions. However, when the sowing of sesame came earlier than at the date with the daily mean air temperature below $19.0^{\circ}C$, the effects of earlier sowing and mulching were offsetted by the retarded seedling growth due to the low air temperature, and thus earlier sowing with mulching did not enhance the grain yield of sesame.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.184-187
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• 2004

In case of a semi-forcing culture for vegetable perilla, the following research results on the effect of black polyethylene mulching, the optimum sowing season, and the seedling stand improvement method were drawn. Soil temperature was higher and the emergence was faster in a black polyethylene mulching culture than in a non-mulching culture. However, the mature was late, the main stem were larger, and the seed yield, as well as the leaf yield, was greater in a mulching culture than in a non-mulching culture. Considering growth and chilling injury, the stable sowing season of vegetable perilla was judged to be the early in January. The covering materials for improvement of the seedling stand can be a non-woven fabric and hyaline polyethylene. However, the non-woven fabric seemed to be quite suitable in view of the stability and convenience of control after the emergence of perilla.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.383-389
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• 2005

The effect of different mulching materials on mungbean production was studied. The general objective was to assess the ecological effects of mulching materials in sustainable mungbean production. Specifically, the study aimed to determine the effects of different mulching materials on the chemical, physical and biological soil properties, on weed control and yield, and to identify mulching materials that are environmentally friendly in mungbean production. The experiment was conducted at the Fruit and Vegetables Seeds Center, Science City of $Mu/tilde{n}oz$, Nueva Ecija, Philippines from May to July 2004. The initial soil chemical properties were: pH of 6.4, 2.0 percent organic matter content, 0.10 percent total nitrogen, 22 ppm phosphorus, and 370 ppm available potassium. The soil microbial loads were $8\times10^4\;CFU\;g^{-1}$ for bacteria and $14\times10^4\;CFU\;g^{-1}$ for fungi. Mushroom spent mulch increased soil organic matter with an average of 3.13 percent, nitrogen with an average of 0.16 percent and the highest number of bacterial count with $3.4\times10^8\;CFU\;g^{-1}$. Use of mulch, except rice straw mulch, generally increased mungbean yield. The best mulching material for high yield production of mungbean was black polyethylene plastic film, although environmentally unfriendly.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.67-74
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• 1979

Peanut was cultured with varying planting density and sowing date with and without vinyl-film mulching. Vinyl-film mulching raised soil temperature 4.6$^{\circ}C$ higher than the non-mulched during April and early May, but later-on the soil temperature was similar between the two treatments. The ripening and slender grain ratio increased with closer spacing and earlier sowing. Compared with ordinary cultural practices of May 10th sowing without mulching the peanut yield increased by 9% by mulching sown May 10th, and by 49% by mulching and early sowing April 20th.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.39-43
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• 1995

In the culture of Vinyl mulching and Non mulching, growth, yield, and cotton hair's growth are studied at the different planting density to get a basic material for cotton culture and high yield bumper crop in the region of the South. And the results are following. Vinyl mulching is the best one at the strength, the number of boll bearing branches, the num-ber of bolls, the number of bolls per $m^2$ and all the other characters. Vinyl mulching and Non mulching have the greatest number of bolls per $m^2$ at the planting density of 70${\times}$10cm. Vinyl mulching has the highest seed cotton yield and the highest seed cotton yield per boll. Especially when planted at the density of 70${\times}$l0cm, Vinyl mulching and Non mulching have the highest seed cotton yield. Vinyl mulching's value is accepted in fiber length and lint percentage, the wider spacing in the row is, the longer fiber length is.