• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2007

To develop an efficient screening method for detection of the transgene in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa spp. pekinensis) utilizing Basta spray, optimal conditions for Basta application were examined in this study. Two transgenic Chinese cabbage lines were obtained through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and used as transgenic positive controls in the Basta screening experiment. Differential concentrations of glufosinate-ammonium were sprayed into three different growth stages of 12 commercial Chinese cabbage cultivars. The results showed that no plants could survive higher than 0.05% glufosinate-ammonium, and plants at the 2-3 leaf stage were most vulnerable to glufosinate-ammonium. On the other hand, no damage was observed in the transgenic control plants. Reliability of the Basta spray method was proven by showing perfect co-segregation of the tolerance to glufosinate-ammonium and the presence of the bar gene in T₁ segregating populations of the transgenic lines, as revealed by both PCR and Southern blot analyses. Using the developed Basta screening method, we tried to investigate the transgene flow through pollen dispersal, but failed to detect any transgene-containing non-transgenic Chinese cabbages whose parents had been planted adjacent to transgenic Chinese cabbages in field conditions. However, the transgene was successfully detected using Basta spray from the non-transgenic plants bearing the transgene introduced by hand-pollination. Since the Basta spray method developed in this study is easy to apply and economical, it will be a valuable tool for understanding the mechanism of gene flow through pollen transfer and for establishing a biosafety test protocol for genetically modified (GM) Chinese cabbage cultivars.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.4
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• pp.58-83
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• 1995

The small scale industries which have less than 30 employees occupy 86.5% of total number of industries in Korea. And though they have higher accident rate and lower environmental condition than big industries, it has been not mandatory to appointing health care manager at factory. So, from 1993, government subsidizes to the health care management of small industries. The purpose of this study is to identify the real feature of health care status in small industries, and to evaluate the level of health care management, before and after the subsidiary program. 65 small plating industries which have been managed by the same health care management support institution in 1993 were selected for study. Of the 65 industries, 3 which have not taken both environmental evaluation and health screening in 1994, and 9 which have closed were excluded from study sample. And the remaining 53 were analyzed by using the results of environmental evaluation and health screening, reported to the Ministry of Labor, before and after the subsidiary program, the analysis was done by the comparison of the two year paired data of the same industry. Over-permissible-limit rate, health screening implementation rate, above grade C rate were calculated and compared. The status of health care management ; 1. Of the sample industries, 96.9% provide protective equipment and 80.0% set up ventilating system. Protective gloves (89.2%) and protective clothing (80.0%) are widely provided, but ear plugs (4.6%) are rarely provided. 21.5% of the protective equipment are well put on, and 40.4% of the ventilating systems function well. 2. In 1993, 35 industries, 53.8% of the sample, checked working environment twice. Over-permissible-limit rates of heavy metal (12.2%), suspended particle (11.1%), noise (5.5%) were high. To put on protective equipment and to set up local ventilating system were pointed out by the examiners. 3. General health screening was done at 63.1% of the sample industries and 35.3% of total workers were examined. Specific health screening was done at 93.8% of the sample industries and 75.4% of workers were examined. 15.5% of workers was provided to be above grade C and to have digestive system disease (43.3%), circulatory disease (18.9%), and hematopoietic disease (14.2%), etc. 4. In 1993, the subsidiary program of health care management was provided in forms of health education, health counseling, and rounding check of working field. And 61.5%, 83.0%, 55.4% of sample industries respectively received it. The average visit per industry was 1.8. Comparisons of the level of occupational health before and after the subsidiary program ; 1. Over-permissible-limit rates of hazardous factors of 1993 and that of 1994 were compared. The rates of suspended particle, noise, organic solvent of 1994 (37.5%, 13.4%, 24.2% respectively) were higher than that of 1993 (25.0%, 6.0%, 6.3% respectively). In the case of acid, there was no difference between the rate of 1993 and that of 1994. Only the rate of heavy metal decreased from 12.9% in 1993 to 3.0% in 1994. 2. General health screening was done at 38.7% of the sample industries in 1993 and at 44.6% in 1994. But the implementation rate of specific health screening decreased from 72.4% in 1993 to 64.6% in 1994. 3. The implementation rate of specific health screening was analyzed by some health factors. The rate of suspended particle increased from 61.8% in 1993 to 91.2% in 1994. But the rates of the others-noise, organic solvent, heavy metal, specific chemical substances-decreased. 4. Above grade C rate in health screening increased from 27.8% in 1993 to 35.5% in 1994. But that of endocrine disorders and pulmonary disease decreased.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.52-61
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• 2005

Transcript profiling is a particularly valuable tool in the field of steroid receptor biology, as these receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors and therefore exert their initial effects through altering gene expression in responsive cells. Also, an awareness of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and their potential screening methods to identify endocrine activity have been increased. Here we developed an in-house cDNA microarray, named KISTCHIP-400 ver. 1.0, with 416 clones, based on public database and research papers. These clones contained estrogen, androgen, thyroid hormone & receptors, sex hormone signal transduction & regulation, c-fos, c-myc, ps2 gene, metabolism related genes etc. Also, to validate the KISTCHIP-400 ver. 1.0, we investigated gene expression profiles with reference hormones, $10^{8}\;M\;17{\beta}-estradiol,\;10^{-7}\;M\;testosterone\;and\;10^{-7}\;M$ progesterone in MCF-7 cell line. As the results, gene expression profiles of three reference hormones were distinguished from each other with significant and identified 33 $17{\beta}-estradiol$ responsive genes. This study is in first step of validation for KISTCHIP-400 ver. 1.0, as following step transcriptional profile analysis on not only low concentrations of EDCs but suspected EDCs using KISTCHIP-400 ver. 1.0 is processing. Our results indicate that the developed microarray may be a useful laboratory tool for screening EDCs and elucidating endocrine disrupting mechanism.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.180-180
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• 2003

Transcript profiling is a particularly valuable tool in the field of steroid receptor biology, as these receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors and therefore exert their initial effects through altering gene expression in responsive cells. Also, an increased awareness of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EBCs) and their potential to affect wildlife and humans has produced a demand for practical screening methods to identify endocrine activity. Here we developed an in-house cDNA microarray, named KISTCHIP-400, with 401 clones, hormone related genes, factors, and ESTs, based on public database and research papers. Theses clones contained estrogen, androgen, thyroid hormone St receptors, sex hormone signal transduction ＆ regulation, c-fos, c-myc, ps2 gene, metabolism related genes etc. And to validate the KISTCHIP-400, we investigated gene expression profiles with reference hormones, 10$\^$-8/ M 17be1a-estradiol, 10$\^$-7/ M testosterone, 10$\^$-7/ M progesterone, and thyroxin in MCF-7 cell line. Although it is in first step of validation, low doses and combinations of EDCs need to be tested. Our preliminary results that indicate the developed microarray may be a useful laboratory tool for screening EDCs and elucidating endocrine disrupting mechanism.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.211-238
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• 2016

This study examines indicators and factors for identification of ASD(Autism Spectrum Disorder) characteristics of infants and toddlers and early screening of children with ASD by day care teachers. Focus group interviews were conducted with 11 teachers by a semi-structured questionnaire developed by the authors. The findings are: 1) key problems and indicators of behavioral characteristics of children with ASD included problems with social communication and interactions, restricted and unusual interests, outstanding ability in specific areas, insistence on sameness and ritualized patterns, problems with language development and communication, sensory abnormalities; 2) counseling with parents of children with ASD revealed a lack of recognition of parents, negative expressions of emotions and resistance, and difficulties in referral to and association with experts; 3) needs for ASD in the child care field included visiting by experts, provision of test scales, training of child care teachers and parents, and building cooperative systems; and 4) demands of development and execution of a Korean-style scale for early screening of children with ASD.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.181-187
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• 1999

The most important progress in diagnostic sciences is the increased sensitivity and specificity in diagnostic procedures due to the development of newer micromethodologies and increasing availability of immunological and molecular biological reagents. The outcome of researches in this field has already provided DNA probes and antibodies which can be used for diagnosing various kinds of diseases including inherited ones. This development can be also applied to diagnose diseases in oral and maxillofacial regions. Technological advances have yielded highly sensitive test methodologies so that low analyte concentration and small sample volume are no longer limiting factors. Therefore, saliva can be useful test fluid for an array of analytes. Salivary constituents of diagnostic significance include steroid hormones, antibodies, drugs, and tumor markers. Of the proteins present in saliva, viral-specific immunoglobulins are of the greatest diagnostic interest. The development of conjugates and antigens by recombinant DNA technique and peptide synthesis is necessary for clinical application. Several kits developed for the purpose of blood testing should be modified to permit their application to saliva. The final practical outcome of researches in diagnostic sciences will be various diagnostic agents which can be used for detection of bacteria and viruses, screening and diagnosis of diseases, genetic screening for forensic individual identification. For these purposes, collaboration researches and development between institutions and companies are essential.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.79-83
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• 2005

Rice and weed interference in the paddy field caused by resource competition and allelopathy. Evaluation method of active weed suppressive behavior of rice to weed was developed by eliminating light competition at soil condition. Twenty eight days old rice seedlings (6-7 leaf stage) which was grown at saturated, no drainage pot were clipped above $3\~4cm$ from the soil surface. Weeds seeded around clipped rice stem, named ratoon seeding screening method, showed varietal suppressive difference to Echinochloa crus-galli, Echinochloa crusgalli var. praticola and Monochoria vaginalis. Potential allelopathic rice varieties, Sathi, AC1423 and PI312777 showed better suppressive activity to weed seedling growth than Nonganbyeo and Keumobyeo. Weed suppression of one plant of rice cultivars could be evaluated by the cell size of $2.5\times2.5cm$ at rice clipping of seedling 29 days after rice seeding.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.14-16
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• 2015

Due to the considerable development of the technology of second generation high-temperature superconductors and a significant improvement in their mechanical and transport properties in the last few years it is possible to use HTS tapes in the magnetic levitation systems. The advantages of tapes on a metal substrate as compared with bulk YBCO material primarily in the strength, and the possibility of optimizing the convenience of manufacturing elements of levitation systems. In the present report presents the results of the magnetic levitation force measurements between the stack of HTS tapes containing $n=2{\div}200$ of tapes $12mm{\times}12mm$ and NdFeB permanent magnet in the FC and ZFC regimes. It was found a non- linear dependence of the levitation force from the height of the array of stack in both modes: linear growth at small thickness gives way to flattening and constant at large number of tapes in the stack. Established that the levitation force of stacks comparable to that of bulk samples. The numerical calculations using finite element method showed that without the screening of the applied field the levitation force of the bulk superconductor and the layered superconductor stack with a critical current of tapes increased by the filling factor is exactly the same, and taking into account the screening force slightly different.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.126-130
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• 2004

This study is to identify the physiological traits of submergence-tolerant varieties of rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) in Yeongnam area, southeastern part of Korea, where the reduction of rice yield due to submergence is remarkably severe. In the present study, two tolerant varieties of rice plants were selected from over 30 rice varieties grown in under a 10-day period. The tolerant varieties selected from a submerged paddy field. As a control, one intolerant variety of rice plant was chosen. Of the tolerant variety Samgangbyeo, rather than Haepyungbyeo, had a lower dissolved oxygen consumption and maintained a higher dry weight than the intolerant variety. The leaf photosynthetic rates (LPS) of the two tolerant varieties were significantly higher than that of the intolerant-variety after four days of submergence treatment. These results indicate that lower dissolved oxygen consumption in a limited pool is prevented by ethylene formation in the tolerant varieties, which may be a mechanism of submergence tolerance.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.231-243
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• 2020

Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most destructive rice diseases worldwide. The aim of this study was to screen bacterial isolates to efficiently prevent the occurrence of rice blast. A total of 232 bacterial isolates were extracted from nonrhizospheric rice soil and were screened for antifungal activity against M. oryzae using a leaf segment assay. Strains S170 and S9 showed significant antagonistic activity against M. oryzae in vitro and in leaf disk assays, and controlled M. oryzae infection under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that strains S170 and S9 could effectively control rice leaf blast and panicle neck blast after five spray treatments in field. This suggested that the bacterial strains S170 and S9 were valuable and promising for the biocontrol of rice disease caused by M. oryzae. Based on 16S rDNA, and gyrA and gyrB gene sequence analyses, S170 and S9 were identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and B. pumilus, respectively. The research also demonstrated that B. amyloliquefaciens S170 and B. pumilus S9 could colonize rice plants to prevent pathogenic infection and evidently suppressed plant disease caused by 11 other plant pathogenic fungi. This is the first study to demonstrate that B. amyloliquefaciens and B. pumilus isolated from nonrhizospheric rice soil are capable of recolonizing internal rice stem tissues.