• 환경위생공학
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.45-52
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• 1990

This study is to discuss limiting factors influenced on the removal efficiency of organic materials investigated using the polypropyrene biofilter which appropriate to attach micro-organism in order to apply the contact oxidation proce,:5. The results obtained in the experiment were as follows : 1. In the range o: pH 4.0~ 12.0 was obtained the removal efficiency of COD higher than 85% It was proved that variation of pH(4.0 ~ 12.0) was nothing to do with the removal efficiency of substrate in continuous reactor. 2. Temperature to obtain removal efficiency of COD higher than 85% was $10^{\circ}$ ~$40^{\circ}$. Removal efficiency of COD was no less than those at high temperature if MLVSS concentration was maintained 8,000~ 15,000 m/1. 3. In the continuous reactor, the volumetric loading of COD for removal efficiency higher than 95% had to be 0.5~1.5 kg COD/.d below. And then the HRT was Bhrs. 4. In comparison with the conventional activate sludge process, the contact oxidation process was excellent in removal efficiency, sludge production rate and maintenance.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to determine on optimum ratio of oxidant and catalyst and to evaluate affecting factors such as anions and cations on persulfate oxidation of organic pollutant. Fe(II) activated the persulfate anion to produce a sulfate free radicals and thus effectively used to degrade the target organic pollutant in aqueous system. The chloride ions reacted with sulfate radical produced the $Cl^{\cdot}$ atom and had positive effects on the oxidation of organic pollutant at the initial stage. However, it was observed that chloride ions had the scavenging effects on the rate of oxidation of organic pollutant. Cations and some heavy metals were partly able to activate the persulfate anion to generate a sulfate free radical. However, high levels of cations inhibited the oxidation of organic pollutant.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.197-212
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• 2017

This study aims to investigate factors affecting the intention of continuous use of O2O service by referring new media adoption theory and value-based acceptance model for movie ticketing services. For this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted for users of tickets ticketing service of the cinema online (including mobile) within the last 6 months. A total of 500 copies was collected and 404 copies were analyzed excluding 96 copies because of errors. As a result of the analysis, the ease of use and service ubiquity has a positive effect on perceived functional value and perceived emotional value, and usability has a positive effect on perceived functional value. Compatibility and trialability has a positive effect on both perceived functional value and emotional value. Previous experience has a positive effect on both perceived functional value and perceived emotional value, and inertia has negative effect on perceived functional value. Finally, the perceived emotional value has a positive effect on the intention to continuous use, but perceived functional value appeared to have no significant effect. This study shows a theoretical implication for new technology-based services such O2O. It was suggested to establish a practical marketing strategy and help to activate the O2O service field.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2012

최근 소셜네트워크를 기반으로 하는 소셜커머스(social commerce)가 각광받고 있다. 소셜네트워크와 연동한 소셜커머스 서비스는 소비자간 고도의 소통 수단이 되고 있으며, 유통방식의 새로운 패러다임을 제시하고 있다. 할인의 폭을 크게 하거나 다양한 이벤트를 통한 거래촉진, 동네의 상권 활성화에 기여하는 등의 역할을 하고 있다. 종래의 온라인 상거래와는 달리 역동성, 신속성, 개방성 등을 특성으로 하는 소셜커머스는 사이트의 디자인이 구매의사결정에 영향을 많이 미칠 수 있다고 전제하였다. 본 연구는 소셜커머스를 사용 중인 20대를 대상으로 실증 연구하였으며, 이를 통해 소셜커머스 사이트의 디자인요인이 구매결정요인에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 하였다. 연구 결과 구매 의사결정에 가장 많이 영향을 주는 요인은 사용 용이성임을 시사점으로 제시하였고, 소셜커머스 사이트를 설계하거나 업그레이드를 준비 중인 기업 혹은 책임자에게 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.233-255
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships among the factors that affect technology knowledge, learning strategies with technology, and academic self-efficacy of college students. Technology and its utilizing ability is a critical competency for the learners to acquire to live in the Digital Era of 21st century. However, little is known about how the competency involving technology affects academic self-efficacy. To address the aim of the study, a survey was conducted with 39 questions including technology knowledge, learning strategies with technology, and academic self-efficacy targeting 137 students in A university. The result of the structural equation modeling shows that the technology knowledge of college students indirectly influences the academic self-efficacy. The learning strategies with technology are mediating variable linking technology knowledge with academic self-efficacy. Technology knowledge explains 71% of variance in learning strategies with technology. Therefore, college students need to keep up with knowledge of technology and improve learning strategies with technology to activate academic self-efficacy.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.59-81
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• 2016

It is well established that there is a heritable element of susceptibility to chronic human ailments, yet there is compelling evidence that some components of such heritability are transmitted through non-genetic factors. Due to the complexity of reproductive processes, identifying the inheritance patterns of these factors is not easy. But little doubt exists that besides the genomic backbone, a range of epigenetic cues affect our genetic programme. The inter-generational transmission of epigenetic marks is believed to operate via four principal means that dramatically differ in their information content: DNA methylation, histone modifications, microRNAs and nucleosome positioning. These epigenetic signatures influence the cellular machinery through positive and negative feedback mechanisms either alone or interactively. Understanding how these mechanisms work to activate or deactivate parts of our genetic programme not only on a day-to-day basis but also over generations is an important area of reproductive health research.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.23-39
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate empirically whether the expected effects of smart work in organizations were different between job types and positions. The development of information technology is demanding innovation of working style within the enterprise. There is a tendency to prefer the face-to-face working style in traditional organizations in the case of some positions or job types. However, many companies are carrying out smart work such as teleworking or telecommuting, flexible working time. But many companies still stick to their existing working methods. There is also the causal relationship between accepting attitudes toward smart work and expectation effects, depending on the position and the job types, even within the same organization. As a result of research, causal relationship analysis showed that the significant factors affecting productivity were teleworking and increasing work efficiency. The national social cost savings were influenced by the improvement of quality of life and flexible working hours. In order to activate communication within the organization, there was a positive effect on the increase of work efficiency. Only flexible working hours between the general manager and subordinates showed a significant difference.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제21권4_spc호
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• pp.485-499
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• 2014

Sharing Economy is the modern main item with ICT Development. Of course sharing economic item is the old and long run mainstream, but by the ICT technological development sharing economy is the fostering and affluent factors in the world economic growth. Though, in Korea, till now sharing economy is minimal, that will growth sharply. We can track various business models of sharing economy. Sharing economy is to buy use right not ownership. With the sharing economic business model wee can make also financial sharing model. In finance model we can divide two kind models. First, we can trace small size lending model with p2p type. And second, we can make financial information transaction model. But till now sharing economic system is not activated, because of many reasons. To activate, first we have to set law and various standards, and also government actively support many sharing economy firms and institutions. To catch up developed countries in the field of sharing economy we have to make aggressive and flexible rules and standards.

• BMB Reports
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.360-372
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• 2019

Macrophages play an essential role not only in mediating the first line of defense but also in maintaining tissue homeostasis. In response to extrinsic factors derived from a given tissue, macrophages activate different functional programs to produce polarized macrophage populations responsible for inducing inflammation against microbes, removing cellular debris, and tissue repair. However, accumulating evidence has revealed that macrophage polarization is pivotal in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndromes and cancer, as well as in infectious and autoimmune diseases. Recent advances in transcriptomic and metabolomic studies have highlighted the link between metabolic rewiring of macrophages and their functional plasticity. These findings imply that metabolic adaption to their surrounding microenvironment instructs activation of macrophages with functionally distinct phenotypes, which in turn probably leads to the pathogenesis of a wide spectrum of diseases. In this review, we have introduced emerging concepts in immunometabolism with focus on the impact on functional activation of macrophages. Furthermore, we have discussed the implication of macrophage plasticity on the pathogenesis of metabolic syndromes and cancer, and how the disease microenvironment manipulates macrophage metabolism with regard to the pathophysiology.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.75-84
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• 2014

본 연구는 이동통신시장에 서비스 경쟁을 촉진하고, 소비자에게는 다양한 서비스 및 요금제를 제공할 수 있는 MVNO 서비스의 활성화를 위해 MVNO 서비스 이용 동기와 불만족 요인이 지속적 사용 의사에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 이용 동기 요인으로 '고객 서비스', '사용자 인터페이스', '용이성', '경제성' 등이 그리고 MVNO 서비스 이용자의 불만족 요인으로 '단말기 품질', '고객 서비스', '사회적 영향'이 도출되었다. 이용 동기 가운데 '경제성' 요인, 그리고 불만족 요인 중 사회적 영향이 MVNO의 이용지속 의사에 통계적으로 유의미하게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 정책 당국은 단말기의 유통 구조를 개선하고 MVNO 서비스의 도매대가를 추가로 인하할 수 있는 요인을 발굴해야 할 것이다. MVNO 서비스 제공자는 새로운 수익모델을 적극적으로 개발함으로써 이용자가 MVNO 서비스를 열등재로 인식하지 않고 합리적이고 매력적인 서비스임을 인식할 수 있도록 해야 할 것이다.