• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.568-578
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Successful Aging Inventory (SAI-K) to determine its suitability for use with older Korean adults. Methods: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were utilized to assess the factor structure and the construct validity of the SAI-K. First- and second-order Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were conducted to identify the most adequate model. Cronbach's alpha was used to test the reliability. Results: Using a second-order CFA, a four-factor structure was validated (${\chi}^2$=122.82, p<.001, GFI=.92, AGFI=.88, SRMR=.06 RMSEA=.07, 90% CI=.05-.09, CFI=.93). The four-factor SAI-K showed reliable internal consistency with a Cronbach's alpha for the total scale of .86. Conclusion: The four-factor, 13-item SAI-K showed satisfactory reliability and validity and, thus, has the potential to be an appropriate instrument for measuring successful aging in older Korean adults.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.211-217
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• 2000

The Curriculum Determinant Factors of Information Management are identified Manpower Demand Factor, Department Associate Perception Factor, Imitation Factor, Education Demand Factor. The result of This Study proposed that Computer Science Field, IT Field, Internet Field had to Include to Curriculum of Information management. In Addition, The Result of This Study is identified that Curriculum Determinant Factor is related to Composition Factor. Manpower Demand factor Department Associate Perception Factor are important to Curriculum Determinant. And IT Field, Computer Science Field are critical to curriculum of Information Management.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 1987

Effect of Rolling factor on the growth and thatch accumulation in tall fescue was studied from the viewpoint of estimate the rolling factor to obtain the highest values of growth characters and analysis of thatch accumulation. Rolling factors were 1.82, 3.33, 4.29 and 4.85, respectively. The results are may he summarized as follows ; 1. Rolling factor was affected to obstructive on the growth of tall fescue. Thus, the rolling factor ( RF) had significant negative correlated with the dry weight of plant ( DW ), leaf weight (LW), stem weight (SW), dry weight of thatch (Th), number of tillers (NT) and C / F ratio. 2. Rolling factor of 1.82 was an adequate rolling factor for the growth. 3. The dry weight of thatch(Th) had significant positive correlated with DW, LW, and NT, but negative correlated with the dry weight of thatch per a tiller ( th / NT). 4. Thatch accumulation system can be shown in following diagram. yield compnents - DW ~ Th - Rf (LW, SW, NT, C/F) th/NT 5. The dry weight of thatch per a tiller(th / NT) was a concerning factor for the losses of thatch.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.171-176
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• 1998

This study was conducted to evaluate water quality utilizing principal component analysis in the Nakdong River Estuary. From the results of analysis, water quality in the Nakdong River Estuary could be explained up to 65.3 Percente by three factors which were Included In river loadlnwastes from the Nakdong River and rainfalls : 39.1%1, sediment resuspension(13.7BS) and metabolism(12.5%). In the eastern part of estuary In flowing the Nakdong River, river loading factor score(factor 1 Pas higher than that In western part. Sediment resuspension factor score(factor 2) was high in shallow water, while metabolism factor score(factor 3) was high in deeper water. For seasonal variations of factors score, factor 1 was h19h- 1y related to rainfall season.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.284-286
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• 2003

The low load power factor causes various problems such as the Increase of the power loss and the voltage instability. The demand of reactive power increases continuously with the growth of active power and the restructuring of electric power companies makes the integrated management of ractive power troublesome, from which the systematic control of load power factor is required. In this paper, the load power factor sensitivity of the generation cost and integrated costs are used for determining the locations and capacities of reactive power compensation devices effectively and for enhancing the load power factor appropriately. It is shown through the application to a small-scale power system that the system power factor can be enhanced effectively and appropriately using the load power factor sensitivity and integrated costs.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.153-159
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the Effective X-Factor in golf swing. The term X-Factor means the relative rotation of shoulders with respect to hips during the golf swing. To ascertain the Effective X-Factor that resulted in a high club head speed at impact six golfers' swing motions were videotaped and analyzed using three-dimensional techniques. The results can be summarized as follows. The standard deviations of the professionals' average club head speeds were higher than the amateurs'. This means that the professionals' swing skills were better than amateurs' in driving accuracy and consistency. As the club head speeds were increased gradually the X-Factors and the club head speeds had reached to the subjects' average club head speeds, but the X-Factors and the club head speeds were not increased above the subjects' average club head speeds. The X-Factor Stretch early in the down swing was existed and Professional stretched values were higher than the amateurs. In conclusion my research results suggested that the increase in Effective X-Factors had no relationship to the increase in club head speeds.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.107-124
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• 2003

With rapid growth and competition of electronic commerce through internet, various buying types and business models are being appeared. In this paper, we studied group buying which is new business model to consumer and factors affecting on trust and participation of group buying. The followings are the regression result of this study. First, familiarity factor, customer service factor, seal of security and product value factor made a significant effect on trust. Second, familiarity factor, perceived reputation factor, customer service factor, seal of security and product value factor made a significant effect on participation of group buying. Third, trust of group buying made a significant effect on participation of group buying. In this study, modeling and empirical test were implemented about structure of trust and participation of group buying. We can know where our group buying strategies should focus and which factor we should improve.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.315-322
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors consumers seriously considered when purchasing HMRs and the difference among the factors according to their demographic characteristics. The subjects were adults in their twenties or older who had used HMRs and lived in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province in Korea. Random sampling picked 550 of them, who were distributed a questionnaire from March 12 to 30, 2005. Total 451 questionnaires were returned(the return rates were 82%). The validity of the 27 features was examined by factor analysis. There were seven factors identified, and they were labeled considering the meaning of their items as follows: 'Factor 1. food quality,' 'Factor 2. appearance and packaging,' 'Factor 3. convenience and reliability,' 'Factor 4. access,' 'Factor 5. familiarity,' 'Factor 6. positive experiences,' and 'Factor 7. practicality.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.103-112
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• 2015

Purpose - This paper aims to provide a step-by-step approach to factor analytic procedures, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and to offer a guideline for factor analysis. Authors have argued that the results of PCA and EFA are substantially similar. Additionally, they assert that PCA is a more appropriate technique for factor analysis because PCA produces easily interpreted results that are likely to be the basis of better decisions. For these reasons, many researchers have used PCA as a technique instead of EFA. However, these techniques are clearly different. PCA should be used for data reduction. On the other hand, EFA has been tailored to identify any underlying factor structure, a set of measured variables that cause the manifest variables to covary. Thus, it is needed for a guideline and for procedures to use in factor analysis. To date, however, these two techniques have been indiscriminately misused. Research design, data, and methodology - This research conducted a literature review. For this, we summarized the meaningful and consistent arguments and drew up guidelines and suggested procedures for rigorous EFA. Results - PCA can be used instead of common factor analysis when all measured variables have high communality. However, common factor analysis is recommended for EFA. First, researchers should evaluate the sample size and check for sampling adequacy before conducting factor analysis. If these conditions are not satisfied, then the next steps cannot be followed. Sample size must be at least 100 with communality above 0.5 and a minimum subject to item ratio of at least 5:1, with a minimum of five items in EFA. Next, Bartlett's sphericity test and the Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) measure should be assessed for sampling adequacy. The chi-square value for Bartlett's test should be significant. In addition, a KMO of more than 0.8 is recommended. The next step is to conduct a factor analysis. The analysis is composed of three stages. The first stage determines a rotation technique. Generally, ML or PAF will suggest to researchers the best results. Selection of one of the two techniques heavily hinges on data normality. ML requires normally distributed data; on the other hand, PAF does not. The second step is associated with determining the number of factors to retain in the EFA. The best way to determine the number of factors to retain is to apply three methods including eigenvalues greater than 1.0, the scree plot test, and the variance extracted. The last step is to select one of two rotation methods: orthogonal or oblique. If the research suggests some variables that are correlated to each other, then the oblique method should be selected for factor rotation because the method assumes all factors are correlated in the research. If not, the orthogonal method is possible for factor rotation. Conclusions - Recommendations are offered for the best factor analytic practice for empirical research.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 2001

A validation study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and mechanism of the cryo-precipitation, monoclonal anti-FVIIIc antibody (mAb) chromatography, Q-Sepharose chromatography, and lyophilization steps involved in the manufacture of high purity factor VIII (GreenMono) from human plasma, in the removal and/or inactivation of hepatitis A virus (HAV). Samples from the relevant stages of the production process were spiked with HAV and subjected to scale-down processes mimicking the manufacture of the high purity factor VIII concentrate. Samples were collected at each step and immediately titrated using a 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID$\_$50/) and then the virus reduction factors were evaluated. HAV was effectively partitioned from factor VⅢ during cryo-precipitation with the log reduction factor of 3.2. The mAb chromatography was the most effective step far removal of HAV with the log reduction factor of $\geq$4.3. HAV infectivity was not detected in the fraction of factor VⅢ, while most of HAV infectivity was recovered in the fractions of flow through and wash during mAb chromatography. Q-Sepharose chromatography showed the lowest efficacy for partitioning HAV with the log reduction factor of 0.7. Lyophilization was an effective step in inactivating HAV with the log reduction factor of 2.3. The cumulative lag reduction factor, $\geq$10.5, achieved for tile entire manufacturing process was several magnitudes greater than the potential HAV load of current plasma pools.