• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-21
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• 2004

1) Objective External treatments have various curative effects. So it had been used to cure various patients. But, it has a limited sphere of application in the present South Korea. Therefore we would like to bring out its sphere of application and detailed method in the oriental medicine classics. 2) Methodologies We have researched external treatment history according to below the procedure. (1) Making a related words list: We have used existing external treatments technical books to make a list. It has been connected with external treatments. It includes not only technical terms, but also general terms. (2) Searching sentence: We have searched sentence that contain terms that related with external treatments. (3) Analysis of related sentence: We have searched and classified sentence by disease. (4) Analysis of external treatment methods. 3) Conclusions From long time ago people have used external treatment to cure various disease. According to the ${\ulcorner}Nei-Jing{\lrcorner}$, hot compress therapy, fumigation therapy and bathing therapy had been used to cure blockage syndrome, muscle disease, carbuncle and cellulitis. Thereafter, a sphere of external treatment had gradually enlarged. (1) After all its sphere had included dermatologic, psychologic, internal, ophthalmic, otolaryngologic, obstetrics, gynecologic, pediatric and surgical diseases. (2) External treatment methods have contained hot compress therapy, fumigation therapy, bathing therapy, application therapy, medication bag therapy, medication plug therapy, medication massotherapy, aroma therapy and so on. (3) Medication types of external treatment have contained ointment, juice, infusion, powder, suppository and so on.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.97-107
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• 2016

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate recent clinical studies on the effect of external therapy for infantile anorexia. Methods We searched for the study at CNKI by a keyword 'xiaoaryanshizheng' after 2010. 40 clinical studies which were using one external therapy method were selected. Result Selected 40 clinical studies were divided into six types of external therapy. The subjects for these clinical studies were between three months and 14 years old children. The number of the subjects was between 20 and 260. The period of treatment was between three days and three months. Only using one external therapy for infantile anorexia had 84.62%-100% cure rate. Conclusions Based on these clinical studies, external therapy has been shown as an effective treatment on infantile anorexia.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.50-70
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to show effectiveness of Korean medicine external treatment on bacterial vaginosis by analyzing randomized controlled clinical trials. Methods: We searched randomized controlled clinical trials related with Korean external treatment on bacterial vaginosis through national and overseas database and analyzed them in detail. Results: 15 articles were included according to our selection criteria and 2,176 women were involved. 1. All treatment groups were treated with intervention including Korean medicine external treatment and their results were statistically more effective than control groups. 2. External washing was the most frequently used method followed by vaginal tablet, fumigation and powder. 3. The most frequently used herbal medicine was Sophorae Radix followed by Phellodendri Cortex, Cindi Fructus, Dictamni Radicix Cortex and Kochiae Fructusa. 4. There were 4 studies reporting side effects of treatment and no significant side effects were observed. Conclusions: There was significant difference in the effectiveness of the intervention including Korean external therapy. Based on the analysis, it could be an effective way for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis in clinical practice.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.73-84
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• 2010

Objective : "HangYak" and "GuGeupBang" were used as a book title in "HangYakGuGeupBang". Therefore we can examine the early years of the medical of HangYak and the medical of first-aid. Methods : We studied the contents and the characteristics of Acupuncture and External treatments which were presented in "HangYakGuGeupBang". We searched the practical meaning of the publishing it too. According to "HangYakGuGeupBang". Results : Acupuncture was performed as a simple external treatment; however moxibustion was used for various symptoms in several ways. In addition, many external treatments such as hot massages, the treatment of bath and dropping lotion in the eyes were introduced in "HangYakGuGeupBang". We believe that these materials were easily gotten around us so people who lived in a poor and remote village without a doctor could apply with ease if they learned these contents. Conclusions : As a result it can say that "HangYakGuGeupBang" was published as a practical book which could be used simply even though people didn't have enough medical knowledge nor examined inside and outside-heat and cold.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.179-190
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• 2003

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by intense pruritus and the course marked by exacerbation and remission. It has the characteristic symptoms of dry, itchy, scaly skin with cracks by typical distribution of lesions. Even though the etiology of atopic dermatitis is not fully understood, it is considered an allergic reaction whose onset is frequently and strongly associated with both hereditary and environmental factors. In the present clinical study, we studied the efficacy of internal herb-medicine, external herb medicine - ex. dermal oints, aqueous solutions, etc -, and steam therapy. The patient's SCORAD index was lowered 55.8 than before of which the SCORAD index was 74.8. On the basis of this study, it should be considered that the treatment of atopic dermatitis should be focused on the external therapy as steam therapy, dermal oint, a aqueous solution etc.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.231-239
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• 2016

Objectives : Pruritus is a skin disorder that usually occurs in the elderly. The purpose of this study is to report the effect of external preparation containing Ponciri fructus and Radix lithospermi on senile pruritus and xeroderma with liver cirrhosis.Methods : We treated 85-years-old liver cirrhosis patient suffered from itching sensation on the whole body with external preparation containing Ponciri fructus and Radix lithospermi and oral administration of Sodalgeonbitang for 37 days.Results : Despite discontinuing western medical treatment of topical steroids and oral antihistamine, pruritus and erythema of the patient were significantly improved.Conclusions : As for external application, decoction of Ponciri fructus and Radix lithospermi might be effective used for treatment senile pruritus and xeroderma.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.617-625
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• 2002

At present in many cases the methods of medical treatment in Oriental medicine Korea lays emphasis on internal use, but to improve the curative value and for the diversity of medical treatment it is desperately needed to study external medical treatment more deeply. From the viewpoint of medical science history, as various additives and new discoveries are developed this has made it easy to use and improved the curative value of it ; thus external medical treatment has been rapidly progressed both in quality and quantity. Therefore, in studying the external medical treatment, it is very important to know it's history. So, I intend to study the early external medical treatment first. The external medical treatments mentioned in the Mawangtew medical books (52Byeongbang, Yangsangbang, Japryobang, Taesanseo), Hwangjenaekyeong, and Geumgweyoryak which were written or presumed to be written in early times were examined to study the early external medical treatments. The parts of body or diseases in which external medical treatments were applied; the methods of external application and the administration of medicine; the number of prescriptions, and the herbs used are also examined. I came to the following conclusions as I compared the kinds of books with the itemized lists based on the results of examination. 1) Though Mawangtew medical books (52Byeongbang, Yangsangbang, Japryobang, Taesanseo) was written earlier than Hwangjenaekyeong and Geumgweyoryak, there are more incidents of the disease in which external medical treatments were applied, the methods of external application and the administration of medicine, the kinds of prescriptions , and the different herbs used in Mawangtew medical books than in Hwangjellaekyeong and Geumgweyoryak. 2) In the six medical books mentioned above there are more prescriptions for external diseases and dermatitis than for internal diseases. 3) From the viewpoint of the number of prescriptions, the most frequent use of a medicine type was a natural type of medicine. The second was ointment type, and the third was liquid type. A powder type was the fourth. 4) In the administration of medicine, combination types such as both pasting and plastering were used most frequently. 5) Vegetable, mineral and animal nature herbs were used diversely for the early external medical treatments. Things such as wine and vinegar were also used as a herb.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.209-220
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the effect of Korean medicine treatment on occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by mortar. Methods : The patient treated by herbal medicine, acupuncture, pharmacopuncture and external therapy. The progress is evaluated by Numerical Rating Scale(NRS) and Dermatology Life Quality Index(DLQI). Results : NRS and DLQI score were significantly decreased as a result of Korean medicine treatment. Conclusions : Korean medicine treatment should be effective for the occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by mortar. More studies are needed to confirm stability of these treatment.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.203-217
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• 2015

Scolpendra subspinipes (centipede) is pungent in flavor, activates the channels to stop pain, and, removes toxins and resolves masses. So it has been used as a folk remedy. We researched folk remedies which used centipede as a single medicine and results of its prior clinical and experimental study, and figured out that centipedes are effective on ulcerative disease, herpes zoster, clavus, insect bite, inflammatory disease, furunculus, pain disease by external therapy, and oral administration is effective on anti-cancer such as hepatoma and uterine cancer, cerebrovascular disease, inhibition of atherosclerosis, sedation of central nervous system, antipyretic action, and anti-inflammation, and centipede Herb-Acupuncture is effective on inflammatory disease and pain disease. Centipede preparation materials for external therapy were sesame oil, perilla oil, vinegar, salt, and, burnt alum. Fumigation of centipede treated paronychia, pertussis, and hemorrhoids. For the external therapy, the way of centipede powder mixing with other materials has been used. It is needed that we use dusted powder to make skin absorb its ingredients more easily, and we study intensely minor ingredients to make centipede components absorbed more effectively and do pharmacological action. Also, fumigation, a kind of another external therapy, is considered to be effective treatment of upper respiratory infection like pertussis, so it needs an in-depth study on centipede fumigation.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.81-90
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of this study is to assess change of the skin and quality of life of the Pustulosis Palmaris et Plantari patient by Traditional Korean Medicine. Methods : We used Bihaesamsp-tanggagambang and herbal medication for external use. The progress is evaluated by Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), and the patient gave marks about the subjective symptoms from 0 to 4. Results : Through the treatment, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) changed from 29 to 22, and subjective symptoms of both itching and burning sensation changed from 4 to 1. Conclusions : Traditional Korean Medicine seems to be effective for the Pustulosis Palmaris et Plantari treatment. More clinical cases and studies are needed to develop an organized therapeutic measures.