• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.147-155
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• 2009

외부 수압을 받는 필라멘트 와인딩 후판 복합재 원통의 좌굴 및 파손을 유한요소법과 시험으로 연구하였다. 자체 개발 프로그램인 ACOS와 상업용 프로그램인 MSC.NASTRAN(선형)과 MSC.MARC(비선형)를 이용한 유한요소해석을 수행하였다. 복합재 원통 시편은 T700 카본-에폭시로 필라멘르 와인딩 기법에 의해 $[\pm30/90]_{FW}$, $[\pm45/90]_{FW}$, $[\pm60]_{FW}$, $[\pm60/90]_{FW}$의 각도로 제작하여 수압시험을 수행하였다. 사용한 세 가지 프로그램 중 ACOS가 시험값과 1.7~14.3%의 차이를 보이며 좌굴 압력을 가장 잘 예측하였다. 모든 경우에 좌굴 후 지지하중이 초기 좌굴하중보다 커지지 못하고 최종파손으로 연결되었다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.267-273
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• 2017

Pressure hulls of submerged structures are generally designed as circular cylinders, spheres or cones with form of axisymmetric shell of revolution to withstand the high external pressure of deep ocean. The compressive buckling (implosion) due to hydrostatic pressure is the main concern of structural design of pressure hull and many design codes are provided for it. It is well-known that the buckling behavior of thin shell of revolution is very sensitive to the initial geometric imperfections introduced during the construction process of cutting and welding. Hence, the theoretical solutions for thin shells with perfect geometry often provide much higher buckling pressures than the measured data in tests or real structures and more precise structural analysis techniques are prerequisite for the safe design of pressure hulls. So this paper dealt with various buckling pressure estimation techniques for unstiffened circular cylinder under hydrostatic pressure conditions. The empirical design equations, eigenvalue analysis technique for critical pressure and collapse behaviors of thin cylindrical shells by the incremental nonlinear FE analysis were applied. Finally all the obtained results were compared with those of the pressure chamber test for the aluminium models. The pros and cons of each techniques were discussed and the most rational approach for the implosion of circular cylinder was recommended.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.196-203
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• 2007

외부 수압을 받는 복합재 원통의 좌굴 후 거동과 파손을 유한요소법과 시험으로 연구하였다. 좌굴 후 점진적 파손해석을 위해서는 비선형 유한요소해석 프로그램인 ACOS를 사용하였다. 유한요소해석의 타당성 검증을 위해 5개의 복합재 원통 모델을 제작하여 수압 시험을 수행하였다. 또한 상용 유한요소해석 프로그램인 MSC/NASTRAN과 MSC/MARC를 이용한 해석을 병행하여 ACOS에 의한 결과와 비교하였다. 세 개의 프로그램 중 ACOS가 실험과 가장 가까운 좌굴압력을 예측하였고, 한 경우를 제외하면, 실험값과는 약 12～26% 정도의 차이를 보였다. 해석에서는 원주방향으로 네 개의 웨이브를 가지는 전체 좌굴이 나타나지만, 실제 시험에서는 원통의 기하학적 초기결함으로 인해 국부좌굴이 발생하여 최종파손으로 연결되었다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.503-515
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• 2014

On the basis of Hoek-Brown failure criterion, a numerical solution for the shape of collapsing block in the rectangular cavity subjected to seepage forces is obtained by upper bound theorem of limit analysis. The seepage forces obtained from the gradient of excess pore pressure distribution are taken as external loadings in the limit analysis, and the pore pressure is easily calculated with pore pressure coefficient. Thus the seepage force is incorporated into the upper bound analysis as a work rate of external force. The upper solution of the shape of collapsing block is derived by virtue of variational calculation. In order to verify the validity of the method proposed in the paper, the result when the pore pressure coefficient equals zero, and only hydrostatic pressure is taken into consideration, is compared with that of previous work. The results show good effectiveness in calculating the collapsing block shape subjected to seepage forces. The influence of parameters on the failure mechanisms is investigated.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.328-334
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• 2019

Underwater architecture in providing a comfortable living space underwater is mandated to survive prevailing environmental loads, especially hydrostatic ambient water pressure exerted on the structure of individual habitat hulls at depth and hydrodynamic fluctuation of external forces that perturb the postural equilibrium and mooring stability of the underwater housing system, for which the design including the hull shape and mooring system constraint the responses. In this study, the postural stability of a proposed underwater floating housing system with three vertically connected ellipsoidal-shape habitat hulls of different sizes are theorized and calculated for hydrostatic stability, using MATLAB in the volumetric integration of a hull and the weight of operational loads under assumed scenarios. The assumptions made in the numerical method to estimate the stability of the habitat system include the fixed weight of the hulls, and their adjustable loads within operational limits for the set meteorological oceanic conditions. The purpose of this study was to numerically manipulate a) The buoyancy and b) The adjusted center of mass of the system within the range of designed external and internal load changes, by which the effective mooring system capability and postural equilibrium requirements were argued with the quantitative analysis.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.32-38
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• 2016

For this paper, the position-control performances of dual EHA(electro-hydrostatic actuator) systems were investigated according to two cases wherein the double-rod- and single-rod-type hydraulic cylinders were combined. Since the control performance is significantly dependent on the load conditions including external forces such as the inertia load, it is proposed here that the two sub-EHAs are driven by separate position and force controllers, instead of two identical position controllers. According to the simulation results, the best performance was achieved by the position-controlled single-rod-type EHA that was combined with a force-controlled double-rod-type EHA. As the force-controlled double-rod-type EHA compensated for the external loads on the position-controlled single-rod-type EHA, the position-control performance was not influenced by external forces including the inertia load. In addition, the position-controlled single-rod-type EHA contributed to the enhancement of the damping ratio by absorbing the pressure peaks through its internal accumulator. Due to the symmetrical piston areas, the double-rod-type EHA is more suitable for force control than the single-rod- type EHA.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

In this paper, an elementary force fighting problem was investigated. The problem is encountered when a double-rod type EHA(electro-hydrostatic actuator) is combined with a single-rod type EHA to build a redundant actuator system with synchronized motion. When the rod-side chambers of the two different types of EHAs have the same effective piston areas and are simultaneously pressurized by an external load, the two EHAs behave identically, sharing the external load equally. However, when the piston head-side chamber of the single rod type EHA, having a larger effective area than the rod-side chamber, is pressurized by the external load, an abnormal force fighting between the two EHAs occurs, unless their pump speeds are properly decoupled. In this study, the output drive forces of each EHA were obtained from the cylinder pressure signals and applied to the position control for each EHA to maintain the balance between their pump speeds. Adding minor force difference feedback loops to the position control, the force fighting phenomena could be eliminated and steady state synchronization errors were reduced. The power consumption of the pumps also could be remarkably reduced, avoiding unnecessarily high load pressures to the pumps.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2010

해저배관의 안전성 검토를 위하여 수압에 의한 소성붕괴 저항성을 평가하였다. 본 연구에서는 해저배관에 부가되는 주하중을 수압으로 설정하여 배관의 직경대 두께비와 ovality 변화가 배관의 소성붕괴 변화에 미치는 영향을 유한요소해석을 통하여 평가하였다. 내압은 외압에 의한 소성붕괴 저항성을 향상시켜 소성붕괴 발생 깊이를 증가시켰으며, 동일 ovality에서 local ovality를 갖는 배관은 global ovality 보다 더 깊은 붕괴 깊이를 나타내었으며, 소성붕괴 발생 깊이는 직경대 두께비의 증가 또는 ovality 증가에 따라 감소하였다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2012

This study aimed to analyze the nonlinear buckling of ring-stiffened circular cylinders under uniform external pressure, e.g. hydrostatic pressure, considering material nonlinearity and initial imperfection. In the present study, we analyzed the collapse pressure of pressure vessels using ANSYS Workbench, which is a framework of finite element methods. First, linear buckling analysis is performed to find collapse modes of the model. Second, scaling the first mode shape with small factor, geometric model is pre-deformed. And then, by analyzing the nonlinear buckling of the pre-deformed shape, the collapse pressure is estimated. To verify the validity of the analyses, we compared the results with Ross' experimental results. Finally, we applied it to ring-stiffened circular cylindrical shell of the pressure hull of a small submarine.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제36권10호
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• pp.1131-1137
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• 2012

해저배관은 부력과 외부 충격을 방지하기 위하여 1.2~4m의 매설 깊이로 설치되어 운영된다. 해저배관은 수압과 토하중에 의한 외압으로부터 소성붕괴에 대한 저항성을 가져야한다. 해저배관에 수압과 토하중으로 발생하는 원주응력을 유한요소해석으로 파악하여 배관의 건전성에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 내압은 외압에 의한 소성붕괴 저항성을 향상시켜 소성붕괴 발생 깊이를 증가시켰다 동일 수심에서는 매설 깊이 증가에 따라 원주응력은 증가하나, 동일 매설 깊이에서는 수심이 증가함에 따라 배관에서 발생하는 원주응력은 감소한다.