• Title/Summary/Keyword: extension group

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Extensing of Exponentially Convex Function on the Heisenberg Group

  • Zabel, A.M.;Bajnaid, Maha A.
    • Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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    • v.45 no.4
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    • pp.491-502
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    • 2005
  • The main purpose of this paper is to extend the exponentially convex functions which are defined and exponentially convex on a cylinderical neighborhood in the Heisenberg group. They are expanded in terms of an integral transform associated to the sub-Laplacian operator. Extension of such functions on abelian Lie group are studied in [15].

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A CERTAIN SUBGROUP OF THE FUNDAMENTAL GROUP OF A TRANSFORMATION GROUP

  • Woo, Moo-Ha;Yoon, Yeon-Soo
    • Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.53-59
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    • 1993
  • In this paper, we want to find a subgroup HJ(f, $x_{0}$, G) of the extended Jiang subgroup of a transformation group which is contained in Z( $f_{\sigma}$(.sigma.(X, $x_{0}$, G)), .sigma.(X, f( $x_{0}$), G)) and is an extension of the Jiang subgroup J(f, $x_{0}$). This is, if the acting group G is the trivial group {1x}, then this is the Jiang's results.ults..ults.

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STRAIN ON THE LABIAL PLATES AROUND ABUTMENTS SUPPORTING REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURES WITH VARIOUS PROSTHETIC DESIGNS: AN IN VITRO STUDY

  • Kim, Seong-Kyun
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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    • v.43 no.3
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    • pp.322-330
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    • 2005
  • Statement of problem. In distal extension removable partial denture, the preservation of health of abutment teeth is very important, but abutment teeth are subjected to unfavorable stress. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate the biomechanical effects of mandibular removable partial dentures with various prosthetic designs using strain gauge analysis. Material and methods. Artificial teeth of both canines were anchored bilaterally in a mandibular edentulous model made of resin. Bilateral distal extension removable partial dentures with splinted and unsplinted abutments were fabricated. Group 1 : Clasp-retained mandibular removable partial denture with unsplinted abuhnents Group 2 : Clasp-retained mandibular removable partial denture with splinted abutments by 6-unit bridge Group 3 : Bar-retained mandibular removable partial denture Strain gauges were bonded on the labial plate of the mandibular resin model, approximately 2 mm close to the abutments. Two vertical experimental loadings (100N and 200N) were applied subsequently via two miniature load cells that were placed at mandibular first molar regions. Strain measurements were performed and simultaneously monitored from a computer connected to data acquisition system. For within-group evaluations, t-test was used to compare the strain values and for between-group comparisons, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used and Duncan test was used as post hoc comparisons. Results. Strain values increased as the applied load increased from 100N to 200N for all groups (p<.05). The strain values of group 1 and 2 were tensile under loadings. In contrast, strain values of group 3 were compressive in nature. Under 100N loading, group 1 showed higher strain values than group 3 in absolute quantity (p<.05). Under 200N loading, group 3 showed higher strain values than group 1 and 2 in absolute quantity (p<.05). Group 1 showed higher strain values than group 2 (p<.05). Conclusion. Splinting of two isolated abutments by bridge reduced the peri-abutment strain in comparison with unsplinted abutments. Strain of bar-retained removable partial denture increased much more as applied load increased, but was compressive in nature.

The Influence of Sacroiliac Joint Mobilization on Lower Extremity Muscle Strength (천장관절 가동술이 하지 근력에 미치는 영향)

  • Gong, Won-Tae;Ma, Sang-Yeol;Kim, Byoung-Gon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.101-112
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    • 2007
  • Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate influence of sacroiliac joint mobilization on lower extremity muscle strength. Methods : The subjects were consisted of thirty patients who had Leg length inequality(LLI) of more than 10mm(16 females. 14 males) from 21 to 41 years of age(mean aged 24.87). All subjects randomly assigned to sacroiliac joint mobilization group(n=15), control group(n=15). sacroiliac joint mobilization group received sacroiliac joint mobilization about 10 minutes for 3 times per week during 4 weeks period. Control group not received intervention during 4 weeks period. The tape measure method(TMM) was used to measure functional Leg length inequality. Biodex System 3 Pro was used to measure strength of Knee extension & flexion. All measurements of each subjects were measured at pre-test, 2weeks post-test and 4weeks post-test. Results : 1. The LLI of sacroiliac joint mobilization group was significantly reduced according to within treatment period(p<.05), most significantly reduced between pre-test and post-test(p<.05). sacroiliac joint mobilization group significantly more reduced than control group(p<.05). 2. The knee extension strength of sacroiliac joint mobilization group was significantly increased according to within treatment period(p<.05), most significantly increased between pre-test and post-test(p<.05). sacroiliac joint mobilization group significantly more increased than control group(p<.05). 3. The knee flexion strength of sacroiliac joint mobilization group was significantly increased according to within treatment period(p<.05), most significantly increased between pre-test and post-test(p<.05). sacroiliac joint mobilization group significantly more increased than control group(p<.05). Conclusion : sacroiliac joint mobilization can reduce LLI and increased lower extremity muscle strength.

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Influence of Therapeutic Exercise on Functional Leg Length Inequality (PNF의 수축-이완 운동이 기능적 하지길이 차이에 미치는 영향)

  • Gong, Won-Tae;Bae, Sung-Soo;Jung, Yeon-Woo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.183-194
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    • 2007
  • Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate influence of therapeutic exercise on functional leg length inequality(LLI). Methods : The subjects were consisted of thirty patients who had Leg length inequality(LLI) of more than 10mm(l6 females. 14 males) from 20 to 35 years of age(mean aged 24.23). All subjects randomly assigned to contract-relax exercise of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation(PNF) group(n=15), control group(n=15). Contract-relax exercise group received contract-relax exercise about 10 minutes with therapeutic massage about 15 minutes for 3 times per week during 4 weeks period. Control group not received intervention during 4 weeks period. The tape measure method(TMM) was used to measure functional Leg length inequality. Biodex System 3 Pro was used to measure strength of Knee extension & flexion. All measurements of each subjects were measured at pre-test, 2weeks post-test and 4weeks post-test. Results : 1. The LLI of contract-relax exercise group was significantly reduced according to within treatment period(p<.05), most significantly reduced between pre-test and post-test(p<.05). Contract-relax exercise group significantly more reduced than control group(p<.05). 2. The knee extension strength of contract-relax exercise group was significantly increased according to within treatment period(p<.05), most significantly increased between pre-test and post-test(p<.05). Contract-relax exercise group significantly more increased than control group(p<.05). 3. The knee flexion strength of contract-relax exercise group was significantly increased according to within treatment period(p<.05), most significantly increased between pre-test and post-test(p<.05). Contract-relax exercise group significantly more increased than control group(p<.05). Conclusion : Contract-relax exercise applied with therapeutic massage can reduce LLI and increased lower extremity muscle strength.

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Classification of Polygonatum spp. Collections Based on Multivariate Analysis (다변량 분석에 의한 둥굴레속 식물의 분류)

  • Yun, Jong-Sun;Son, Suk-Yeong;Kim, Ik-Hwan;Hong, Eui-Yon;Yun, Tae;Lee, Cheol-Hee;Jong, Seung-Keun;Park, Sang-Il
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.10 no.5
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    • pp.333-339
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    • 2002
  • This study was conducted to obtain the basic data for practical use of the Polygonatum genetic resources. The 20 collections were analyzed by principal component analysis of 8 characters and cluster analysis. In the principal analysis, the first, the second and the third components contributed 54.10%, 18.95% and 11.62% of the variations, respectively. The cumulative contribution from the first to the third principal components was 84.68%. The first principal component was related to shape and size of plant, and assimilatory, reserve and reproductive organs. The second principal component was related to growth and development of plant, and reserve organ. And the third principal component was related to growth and development of plant. Based on cluster analysis, the 20 collections were classified into 4 distinct groups with the average distance greater than 0.7 between groups. Group I was Polygonatum sibiricum $D_{ELAR}$ and Group II included P. odoratum var. pluriflorum $O_{HWI}$, P. odoratum var. pluriflorum $O_{HWI}$ for 'Variegatum' Y. Lee, for. nov., P. odoratum var. thunbergii $H_{ARA}$ and P. odoratum var. maximowiczii $K_{OIDZ}$. GroupIII was P. involucratum $M_{AXIM}$, P. desoulavyi $K_{OMAROV}$ and P. humile $F_{ISHER}$ ex. $M_{AXIM}$. And GroupIV included P. lasianthum var. coreanum $N_{AKAI}$ and P. inflatum $K_{OMAROV}$.

FDG PET-CT in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Relationship between Primary Tumor FDG Uptake and Extensional or Metastatic Potential

  • Zhu, Shou-Hui;Zhang, Yong;Yu, Yong-Hua;Fu, Zheng;Kong, Lei;Han, Da-Li;Fu, Lei;Yu, Jin-Ming;Li, Jia
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.14 no.5
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    • pp.2925-2929
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    • 2013
  • Objective: To explore the relationships between primary tumor $^{18}F$-FDG uptake measured as the SUVmax and local extension, and nodal or distant organ metastasis in patients with NSCLC on pretreatment PET-CT. Methods: 93 patients with NSCLC who underwent $^{18}F$-FDG PET-CT scans before the treatment were included in the study. Primary tumor SUVmax was calculated; clinical stages, presence of local extension, nodal and distant organ metastases were recorded. The patients with SUVmax${\geq}2.5$ were divided into low and high SUVmax groups by using the median SUVmax. The low SUVmax group consisted of 45 patients with SUVmax<10.5, the high SUVmax group consisted of 46 patients with SUVmax${\geq}10.5$. Their data were compared statistically. Results: 91 cases with SUVmax${\geq}2.5$ were included for analysis. The mean SUVmax in patients without any metastasis was $7.42{\pm}2.91$ and this was significantly lower than that ($12.18{\pm}4.94$) in patients with nodal and/or distant organ metastasis (P=0.000). In the low SUV group, 19 patients had local extension, 22 had nodal metastasis, and 9 had distant organ metastasis. In the high SUV group, 31 patients had local extension, 37 had nodal metastasis, and 18 had distant organ metastases. There was a significant difference in local extension (P =0.016), distant organ metastasis (P =0.046), and most significant difference in nodal metastasis rate (P =0.002) between the two groups. In addition, there was a moderate correlation between SUVmax and tumor size (r = 0.642, P<0.001), tumor stage (r = 0.546, P<0.001), node stage (r = 0.388, P<0.001), and overall stage (r = 0.445, P= 0.000). Conclusion: Higher primary tumor SUVmax predicts higher extensional or metastatic potential in patients with NSCLC. Patients with higher SUVmax may need a close follow-up and more reasonable individual treatment because of their higher extensional and metastatic potential.

A RADIOGRAPHIC STUDY ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF MAXILLARY SINUS IN ADOLESCENTS AND ADULTS. (정상인 상악동의 형태에 관한 방사선학적 연구)

  • Ko Kwang Joon;Lee Sang Rae
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.17-26
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    • 1984
  • The purpose of this study was radiographic analysis of the morphology of maxillary sinus in adolescents and adults. In order to analize the morphology of maxillary sinus in view point of anteroposterior width of medial wall, vertical distance between antral floor and nasal floor level, anterior extension, distance between antral floor and maxillary 1st molar apex, and types of lower border of maxillary sinus, specialized maxillary projection and periapical view with paralleling technique was taken. The author examined orthopantomograms and intraoral standard views taken from 400 adolescents and adults ranged 15-65 year-old. The obtained results were as follows: 1. The antero-posterior width of medial wall of maxillary sinus was 32.80mm in 15-19 year-old group, 33.86㎜ in 20-24 year-old group, 34.09㎜ in 25-29 year-old group, and 33.67㎜ in 30-65 year-old group, and the left maxillary sinus was somewhat smaller than the right. 2. The vertical distance between antral floor and nasal floor level was 8.49㎜ in 15-19 year-old group, 9.05㎜ in 20-24 year-old group, 8.95㎜ in 25-29 year-old group, and 8.32㎜ in 30-65 year-old group. 3. The order of anterior extension of maxillary sinus were distal half of canine, mesial half of canine, mesial half of 1st premolar, and distal half of 1st premolar. 4. The distance between antral floor and maxillary 1st molar were 4.36㎜ in 15-19 year-old group, 4.77㎜ in 20-24 year-old group, 3.58㎜ in 25-29 year-old group, and 2.33㎜ in 30-65 year-old group. 5. The order of the types of lower border of maxillary sinus were entire downward type, close type, partially downward type, waving type, separating type, and indistinct. In the types of antral floor, there was a tendency to increase the seperating type with age.

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A New Spray Chrysanthemum Cultivar, 'Dream Water' with Single Type for Cut Flower (홑꽃형 절화용 스프레이 국화 '드림워터' 육성)

  • Jung, Yun-Kyung;Lim, Jae-Wook;Kim, Sung-Kee;Lee, Young-Soon;Yu, Ye-Young
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.220-223
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    • 2012
  • A new cultivar $Dendranthema$ $grandiflourm$ 'Dream Water' was developed at Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services, Korea in 2009. The cultivar 'Dream Water' was initially derived from the cross in 2005 between 'Patra', a spray chrysanthemum cultivar with yellow single type, and 'Ruces', a spray chrysanthemum cultivar with white single type. The cultivar has single type with ivory petals. Trial evaluation was conducted from 2006 to 2009 for selection of this variety, including a shading culture in spring and a retarding culture in summer. The flowering time of 'Dream Water' was October 24th, and year-round flowering is possible by shading or lighting treatment. The diameter of the flower is 56.0 mm. Number of flowers per stem and petals per flower are 11.1 and 26.8, respectively. Its leaf color was green (Green Group 147A) and plant height was 89.7 cm. Days to flowering under the short day treatment is about 54 in spring, and diameter of flower center was 1.4 cm in the summer. The vase life was 16.7 days in autumn and consumer's preference of new spray chrysanthemum is high level than control.

FROBENIUS MAP ON THE EXTENSIONS OF T-MODULES

  • Woo, Sung-Sik
    • Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.743-749
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    • 1998
  • On the group of all extensions of elliptic modules by the Carlitz module we define Frobenius map and by using a concrete description of the extension group we give an explicit description of the Frobenius map.

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