• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.40-63
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• 2015

Anthracite exports have special value within the DPRK's economy. In this paper, we focus on what determines the DPRK's anthracite exports to China. We use panel data consisting of cross-section data from 30 provinces in China and quarterly time-series data from 1998 to 2013. Controlling for all other variables that affect anthracite imports, the variable for steel production in China is robust and statistically significant. This is consistent with on-site interviews which indicate that much of North Korean anthracite is consumed by China's steel industry. This implies that the North Korean authorities need to make adjustments to the foreign trade structure, as the import demand for anthracite in China may decline further.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.533-551
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• 2008

Export Credit Agency(ECA) plays a role of importance in international trade and investment flows. The first ECA, the Export Credits Guarantee Department(ECGD) of the United kingdom, was established in 1919. Its original purpose was to encourage and support exports that would not otherwise have taken. Similar motivations led to the establishment, most of those in operation today. Their traditional role is to support and encourage exports and outward investment by insuring international trade and investment transactions, and in some cases by providing trade finance directly. ECA come in all shapes and sizes, and there in no such thing as a typical ECA model. Most of them insure both political and commercial risks on exports and until the last decade. They operated as government entities or on the account of their government, and many of them have changed and are still changing. This study focuses and analyzes the changes of those four major countries' ECAs, which are the U.S.A.(EXIM), France(COFACE), Japan(JBIC), and Canada(EDC).

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.209-233
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• 1998

In this study, we demonstrate how the Analytic Network Process (ANP) model which is combined with Michael Porter's diamond framework can be used for assessing conditions of selected countries : Brazil. India and China for Korean steel exports. The problem of assessing country conditions requires a model that evaluates several factors on different dimensions. Those dimensions are needed for ranking them according to their likeliness of being a target for Korean steel exports. The ANP consists of four kinds of dimensions called control hierarchy : benefits, opportunities, costs, risks, each of which represents the relationship of its own clusters and elements. To develop the clusters and elements of each dimension, Porter's diamond framework will be used. The final results show that China is the most attractive country to export steel, followed by Brazil and India. This is consistent with the information that we found with respect to the elements that were taken into consideration.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2018년도 학술발표회
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• pp.170-170
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• 2018

In some case studies, the heavy precipitation events and rapid cyclogenesis in the extratropics can be caused by moist and warm tropical air masses. Tropical Moisture Exports (TME) correspond to the meridional transport of moist air masses, primarily born in tropical oceanic areas, to higher latitudes; and are closely related to flood events, especially in the mid-latitudes. The TME for the region of interest is mostly estimated by the back tracking approach using Lagrangian Analysis Tools (LAGRANTO) from ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA) data. In this study, we aim to estimate the TME that are related to rainfall in Korea. The major moisture sources of the TME that contribute to heavy rainfall and extreme floods in Korea are identified. The TME is found to have significant connection with extreme events in Korea such as heavy rainfall and extreme flood events. The results show the most of the moisture sources comes from the west Pacific during the warm half of the year and it contributes significantly to the annual TME and is linked to the East Asian monsoon.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.55-88
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• 2019

Our paper contributes to existing literature by empirically investigate the trade structure and trade performance between Korea and ASEAN. Overall, trade activities between Korea and almost major ASEAN economies have significantly focused on capital goods, medium and high technology goods, while the remaining ASEAN countries' exports over Korea have been mainly primary and low technology goods. There has been a higher complementarity in between Korea's exports and ASEAN's imports compared with between ASEAN's exports and Korea's imports. Estimation results show that ASEAN's GDP and income have larger impacts than those of Korea on aggregate trade flows as well as sectoral level between two sides. Additionally, geographical conditions are critical factors impeding Korea-ASEAN trade. Meanwhile, other factors in the estimation model have mixed impacts on components of Korea-ASEAN trade structure. Finally, there is a significant room for Korea's trade expansion with ASEAN, particularly new and less developed members in future.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2019

The study conducted an empirical analysis of the impact of FDI on economic growth in four Asian countries: China, India, Vietnam and Korea. With panel data for the 1990-2017 period, the research model was developed for foreign direct investment (FDI), export amount (EX), government expenditure (G), exchange rate (EXR), and labourable population (L). The panel analysis results show that the increase in FDI, exports, government expenditure, labourable population significantly increased economic growth. The comparison analysis for each country revealed that FDI, exports and government expenditure significantly affect economic growth in China, that exports and government expenditure significantly affect economic growth in Korea, that FDI significantly affected economic growth in Vietnam, and that the increase in the workforce contributed to economic development in India. This paper characterized the different factors of economic growth in the four Asian countries. These results suggest that setting economic priorities to suit the specific economic conditions of each country is a shortcut to more efficient economic growth.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.35-49
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• 2019

This study aims to determine whether the export volume of export country is affected by the strengthening of environmental management level of the importing country depending on the relative technology level of the importing country. To this end, a gravity model was established and the relative size of environmental management level was introduced, and how it affects the export was analyzed according to the difference of environmental management level between Korea and the importing country. The analysis of Korean industry by technology level (based on R&D investment) shows that countries with higher environmental management levels increase exports in both high and low technologies compared to Korea. On the other hand, exports of high-tech industries did not affect export growth in countries with lower environmental management than Korea.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.99-121
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• 2021

This paper investigates the relationship between the minimum wage and firm's export behavior by using firm-level data of Vietnamese manufacturing enterprises over the period 2010 through 2015. In this regard, I apply the logistic regression model for the probability of exporting and the differences-in-differences analysis to the data, and find that raising minimum wage standards drive no new exporters but a rise in a firm's export sales. Less productive and more labor-intensive firms raise their amount of exports in response to increasing minimum wage levels. Being exposed to increasing minimum wage levels makes a firm under-perform in terms of export sales compared to non-exposed firms.

• 무역학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2021

This paper examines the impact of sanitary and phytosanitary standards (SPS) and technical barriers to trade (TBT) on Korean exports, taking global value chains (GVC) participation into consideration. Using product-level import data from 2000 to 2014, we find heterogeneous effects of importers' SPS and TBT on Korean exports depending on the degree and position of GVC participation. According to the results, trade restrictive effects of SPS and TBT are smaller for industries that are more deeply involved in GVC. However, trade restrictive effects are greater for industries located at a relatively upstream production stage in GVC.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

한국의 버섯 수출의 요인들을 분석하여 수출증대 전략과 수출지원 정책을 수립하는데 활용할 수 있는 기초정보를 얻고자 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 가. 팽이버섯과 새송이버섯 품목의 경북지역 버섯수출량은 전국 버섯수출량의 약 절반을 차지하고 있으며, 팽이버섯은 총수출액이 2009년 89%, 2010년 23%로 증가하여 2010년에는 최대수출량(17,163톤)과 최대수출액(26,292천$)을 기록하였으나 2011년 14%, 2012년 25%로 다소 감소 추세를 보이다가 이후 2013년 15%, 2018년 14%로 증가 등 2019년까지 소폭 증가하였으나, 2020년 수출량 10,515톤, 수출액 18,525천$, 2022년의 수출량 6,515톤으로 2010년 대비 62% 감소하였으며, 수출액은 12,622천$로 2010년 대비 52% 감소하였다. 새송이버섯의 경우는 수출액이 2012년 10%, 2013년 13%, 2014년 2%로 증가하여 완만한 성장세를 유지하고 있다. 2022년의 한국의 새송이버섯 수출량은 5,196톤으로 2010년 대비 91% 증가하였으며, 수출액은 22,322천$로 2010년 대비 160% 증가하였다. 나. 우리나라 버섯 수출은 특정국에 집중된 특징을 보이고 있다. 팽이버섯의 경우에는 2011년까지는 북미(미국, 캐나다), 중화권(중국, 대만, 홍콩)이 전체 수출액수의 50% 이상을 차지하고 있고, 2011년 이후 중화권(중국, 대만, 홍콩) 특히 중국으로의 수출이 줄어들고 베트남으로 수출이 급격히 증가하여 2012년부터 2022년까지 북미권, 베트남이 전체 수출액수의 50% 이상을 차지하고 있다. 중국으로의 수출은 2012년에 빠르게 하락 이후 꾸준히 내림세를 유지하고 있으며 새송이버섯의 경우에는 2009년부터 2022년까지 유럽과 북미권(미국, 캐나다)이 전체 수출액수의 50% 이상을 차지하고 있고, 팽이버섯과는 달리 중화권(중국, 대만, 홍콩)과 베트남으로 수출 비중이 상대적으로 적은 것이 특징이다. 다. 우리나라 버섯 수출의 또 다른 특징은 수출시장이 다변화되고 있다. 팽이버섯과 새송이버섯 모두 수출대상 국가 수가 늘어나고 있음을 알 수 있다. 팽이버섯은 2009년에 23개국에 수출되었고 2010년에는 27개국, 2017년에는 27개국 2019년에는 30개국에 수출하였다. 새송이버섯은 2009년에 21개국 2010년에는 24개국 2017년에는 27개국 2019년에는 30개국에 수출하였다.