• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.20 no.4 s.72
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• pp.162-170
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• 2005

The effective development of event product for a successful event is first started with figuring out the participation motive of event. Second, what level of expectation before participating event for participant will have. Third, what level of satisfaction and safety satisfaction based on figured out motive and expectation will participant have. Fourth, what level of revisit based on satisfaction will have. The study is needed for these low items. Therefore, this investigation started as an exploratory study for a successful event to analysis the relationship among expectation satisfaction, safety satisfaction and revisit. The results indicated that participated motive is positively influenced on expectation. The expectation is positively influenced on safety satisfaction. The satisfaction is positively influenced on revisit. Finally, the safety satisfaction is positively influenced on revisit. The unique characteristics of this study is considered a safety satisfaction as m event safety and as an important factor when terror becomes often these days.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.517-526
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find taxi drivers' smoking behavior, self-efficacy and expectation level of success in smoking cessation. It will provide useful information for developing nursing interventions in health promotion programs. Method: The subjects of this study were 271 taxi drivers in Seoul and its metropolitan area. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire asking smoking history, smoking behaviors, health problem, stages of change for smoking cessation, self-efficacy and the expectation level of success in smoking cessation. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Pearson's correlation, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Cronbach's a. Results: Of the taxi drivers, 83.8% were current smokers. Stages of change were as follows: 45.8% were in the precontemplation stage, 26.2% in the contemplation stage, 13.7% in the maintenance stage, 12.2% in the preparation stage and 1.5% in the action stage. In addition. 20.3% of the subjects reported health problems such as hypertension, heart disease, diabetes mellitus and respiratory disease. The expectation level of success in smoking cessation was positively related with self-efficacy. There were statistically significant differences in the expectation level of success in smoking cessation according to the number of cigarettes per day and nicotine dependency. In addition. there were statistically significant differences in self-efficacy according to the number of cigarettes per day, duration of smoking (years) and nicotine dependency. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that taxi drivers' health problems and smoking rate were serious. Therefore more systematic health promotion programs for smoking cessation should be developed and executed by health care specialists at individual taxi companies.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.110-126
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• 2006

The purpose of the study is to find the factors influencing small or middle size clinics and hospitals CEOs' expectation level on the affiliation with the large size teaching hospitals. Data for analysis was collected to use self-administrative structured questionnaire on 164 CEOs of small or middle sized clinics and hospitals affiliated with large sized teaching hospital located in Kyung Ki Province. For the study, the researchers develop the constructs for questions on the expectation on the affiliation, the attitude such as confidence, knowledge on the affiliation, previous relationship of the affiliation, and selection guideline of the affiliation with exploratory factor analysis and reliability test. Through the confirmative factor analysis using AMOS 4, the researchers develop constructs based on exact relationship between constructs and questions. CEOs' expectation level on the affiliation is influenced on attitude or confidence, gender, types of clinics and hospitals, distance to the affiliated large hospital, types of recommender, and number of affiliated hospitals. Large sized hospitals that want to affiliation with other clinics and hospitals can promote the affiliation to consider these factors from the results.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37A no.10
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• pp.809-814
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• 2012

We propose an adaptive threshold detector algorithm for multi-level holographic data storage based on the expectation-maximization (EM) method. In this paper, the signal intensities that are passed through the four-level holographic channel are modeled as a four Gaussian mixture with unknown DC offsets and the threshold levels are estimated based on the maximum likelihood criterion. We compare the bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed algorithm with the non-adaptive threshold detection algorithm for various levels of DC offset and misalignments. Our proposed algorithm shows consistently acceptable performance when the DC offset variance is fixed or the misalignments are lower than 20%. When the DC offset varies with each page, the BER of the proposed method is acceptable when the misalignments are lower than 10% and DC offset variance is 0.001.

• Korean small business review
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.129-150
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• 2019

It is very meaningful to research on how people's perception on equality and psychology on class movement can have effect on the entrepreneurial intention at the present time when the Korean Government persuades people to create new businesses and the polarization between the rich and the poor gets severe. Accordingly, in this study, an empirical analysis was conducted to find out how the proportional equality acceptance level can affect the entrepreneurial intention via the upward mobility expectation by considering the proportionate equality acceptance level as independent variable, upward mobility expectation as a medium variable and the entrepreneurial intention as a dependent variable and then the hypothesis was tested through regression analysis. The results are as follows. First, it was found that the proportional equality acceptance level over the results makes a positive (+) effect on the entrepreneurial intention and the upward mobility expectation. On the other hand, it was found that proportional equality acceptance level over opportunity does not make any significant effect on each of entrepreneurial intention and upward mobility expectation. Second, it was found that the upward mobility expectation makes the positive (+) effect on the entrepreneurial intention. Third, it was found that the proportional equality acceptance level over opportunity and equality acceptance level over the results makes a positive (+) effect on the entrepreneurial intention through upward mobility expectation as a medium, thus showing the partial effect. This study has critical implications as it is an empirical analysis for finding out how the individual's level of perceiving equality makes an effect on entrepreneurial intention and testing the upward mobility expectation's mediating effect, thus reflecting the current society's situation.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.144-158
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• 1974

This study was undertaken in an attempt to; 1) measure value orientation of nursing activities, 2) identify the relationship between nurse's role perception and patient's expectation, and 3) evaluate the pattern of nursing education and nursing service administration. 203 hospitalized adults and 203 professional nurses from 11 general hospitals in Seoul during the period of July to December 1973 were tested according to questionnaire based on 4 categories of clinical nursing activities, 1) physical care, 2) observation and control, 3) psycho-social care and 4) therapeutic measures. Results of the study are as follows: 1. Nurses were more concerned than patients in the physical care category. Significant difference was revealed by p<.01 level (t=2.800). Mean value score of nurses was average (2.84), and mean value score of patients was relative' y low (2.49). None of the physical care category questionnaire items were over 3.5. 2. Respondents from hospitals of total care system revealed significant difference in the physical care category by P〈.025 level. (t=2.242). Mean value score of both group were average level (nurse 2.90, patient 2.53), nurses showed higher concern. 3. Difference between nurse's role perception and patient's expectation in observation and control category was revealed non- significance by p〉0.05. level (t=1.238). Mean value score of both group revealed relatively high (nurse=3.44, patient 3.19). 4. Difference between nurse's role perception and patient〉expectation in psycho-social cart category revealed non- significance by p〉.05 level (t=0.758), Mean value score of both group revealed average level (nurse =2.71, patient =2.53), 5. Non- significant difference was noted between B. S. N. and diploma nurse's role perception in the psycho- social care category by p> 0.1 level (t=0.316). 4. Difference between nurse's role perception and patient's expectation in the rapeutic me assures category revealed non- significance by p〉0.05 level) t=0.503). Horses showed high concern by mean value score 3.56 level and patients relatively high by 3.41. All items of this category revealed very high or relatively high value score.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.225-235
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• 2000

Service quality has become an important factor to meet customer satisfaction in the food service industry where competition is getting severe. Organizations are focused upon strengthening customer loyalty through customer satisfaction. Therefore, this study, taking customers as subjects, is intended to analyze factors affecting customer loyalty, on the basis of service quality satisfaction. In doing. so, the analysis has been done with 232 customers who are purchasing service from the food services industry, for general information, and service quality expectation, service quality satisfaction and overall satisfaction. The results of the study are as below. 1) From a factor analysis, the service quality expectation level of customer has been categorized into 4 factors, which are named General ′General management ′, ′Food′, ′Reliability′and ′Reputation′. 2) From the factor analysis, the service quality satisfaction level of customer has been categorized into 6 factors, which are named ′Employee attitude′, ′Food′, ′Reliability′, ′Atmosphere′, ′Reputation′ and ′Price′. 3) After classifying customers into 3 groups according to two criteria-"will buy the service again" and "will suggest to others", a comparison has been done for the service quality expectation dimension of customers by each customer group. The result shows that the group having both the "will buy the service again" and "will buy the service again "and "will suggest to others" criteria, that is, with higher customer loyalty, tend to have higher point than other group in factors of ′Food′, ′Reliability′, ′Reputation′(p〈.05). 4) As per the dimension of customer\`s service quality satisfaction level, factors like ′Employee attitude′, ′Food′, ′Reliability′, ′Atmosphere′, ′Reputation′, and ′Price′have shown differences according to each loyalty group(P〈.001). 5) Customers′overall satisfaction level according to each customer loyalty group has been found to be more important for the group having a higher loyalty level(p〈.001) 6) From the discriminant analysis with employing judging variables, such as the customer′s service quality expectation level, service quality satisfaction level and general satisfaction level, customer loyalty groups have been identified as accurately as 68.9% of the explanatory power.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.1-16
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to identify the expectation of vocational abilities and the level of the existing abilities of the door-to-door saleswomen in the cosmetic industry, in order to provide baseline information that can be used to improve sales ability. The data were collected from 1,168 respondents to a questionnaire. Major findings were as follows: 1. The most commonly expected aptitude for the door-to-door salesperson was the ability 'to gain the confidence from customers'. The other important aptitudes were 'good attitudes', 'product information' and 'pleasant personality and patience'. 2. The overall level of the abilities according to their self-evaluation when compared with the level of expected abilities was 64.9 %. The item that received the lowest self-evaluation was 'ability in developing new market and audience'. 3. Vocational ability expectation was affected most strongly by education level. The variables that affected self-evaluation were career paths, education level, income, sales volume and position.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.18-21
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• 2003

We propose some properties of fuzzy conditional expectation of hybrid number the addition of fuzzy number and random variable using Cartesian product distance for ${\alpha}$-level sets.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.242-251
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• 2009

In this study, we analysed the impact of performing level of CSR-Labor standard index to corporate's expectation level to raise the employee's job satisfaction and morale. Using ordered probit analysis method, corporate higher level of performing CSR-Labor standard index is related with higher expectation of raising the employee's jobs satisfaction and morale on average. Also performing levels of individual index are positively related with expectation level. When using all standard indexes in the analysis, index 3 named "workplace without discrimination" and index 7 named "healthy and safe workplace" have significant coefficients. Therefore we confirmed that corporate making efforts to achieve safe workplace without discrimination has higher expectation to raise the employee's job satisfaction and morale. Finally we concluded that CSR-Labor standard index is properly constructed.