• 한국가정과교육학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.47-62
• /
• 2006

이 연구는 교육서비스 가격에 초점을 맞춤으로써 기존의 교육비 지출규모에 초점을 맞춘 선행연구들과 접목시켜 교육비 과다지출의 원인 및 개선에 기초 자료를 제공하고자 수행하였다. 분석기간은 15년(1990-2004)이며 자료는 물가연보이다. 첫째, 15년간(1990-2004)의 소비지출 비목의 물가 중에서 교육서비스 가격이 연평균 7.3%로 가장 높게 상승하였다. 납입금가격은 연평균 7.5%, 기타교육은 6.0%상승하였다. 둘째, 납입금가격은 전문대납입금, 유치원납입금, 사립대학납입금, 국공립대학납입금, 중고교납입금 순으로 상승하였다. 기타교육 서비스 가격은 초등교과서, 중학교교과서, 중학교참고서, 가정학습지 순으로 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 중고교의 교육서비스 가격을 16개 지역별로 분석한 결과, 중고교교과서, 중학교 참고서, 고교참고서는 지역에 따른 차이가 없었다. 단과입시학원에서는 광주시가 가장 많이 상승하였고 서울시가 가장 적게 상승하였다. 연평균 상승률의 지역별 차이는 7%정도였다. 2000년을 100으로 가정 할 때 광주 80%, 강원 57%로 가장 많이 상승하였다. 종합입시학원에서는 전남이 가장 많이 상승하였고 경북이 가장 적게 상승하였다. 대체로 지역별로 차이가 많은 것으로 나타났다. 연평균 상승률의 차이는 7%정도였다. 2000년을 100으로 가정 할 때 부산과 경남이 37%, 제주도 34%로 가장 많이 상승하였다.

• 보건의료산업학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.57-66
• /
• 2015

This study was performed to provide efficient fund managing plans for hospitals by looking into the management of medical fees for accident insurance. Car insurance, industrial accident insurance and seamen's insurance at a general hospital which is located in Busan during 29 months from January 1, 2009 to May 31, 2011 were assessed. The research data is the total number of 6,293 cases, including 2,251 car insurance cases, 2,350 industrial accident insurance cases, and 1,692 seamen's insurance cases. There were some significant differences found, as car insurance and seamen's insurance, including accident insurance, are types of insurance for which employers or traffic accidents offenders shall be the final premium payer. In addition, medical examination fees or premium payers are applied under their respective related laws. The findings suggest that it is necessary for managers of hospitals to prepare differentiated management schemes based on the characteristics of each insurer and schemes to ensure proper recovery strategies of uncollected medical account receivables.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.130-138
• /
• 2023

The selection of the correct examination variables for diagnosing heart disease provides many benefits, including faster diagnosis and lower cost of examination. The selection of inspection variables can be performed by referring to the data of previous examination results so that future investigations can be carried out by referring to these selected variables. This paper proposes a model for selecting examination variables using an Artificial Bee Swarm Optimization method by considering the variables of accuracy and cost of inspection. The proposed feature selection model was evaluated using the performance parameters of accuracy, area under curve (AUC), number of variables, and inspection cost. The test results show that the proposed model can produce 24 examination variables and provide 95.16% accuracy and 97.61% AUC. These results indicate a significant decrease in the number of inspection variables and inspection costs while maintaining performance in the excellent category.

• 한국병원경영학회지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.100-120
• /
• 1998

Tertiary been increasing rapidly. There has been shortage of beds in hospitals and effective management of beds had to b considered. For the efficient utilization of the exsisting hospital beds, bed turnover rate ha to be high and their length of stay in hospital has to be shortened. The sample of this study was in-patients admitted in 13 clinical departments of a tertiar hospital in Wonju. Daily medical fees through length of stay in hospital were observed an we analyzed the increase of hospital revenues per bed for the shortening of length of stay. The results of the analysis were as follows: 1. The average length of stay by dept. was 11.0 in dept. of internal medicine. 12.4 in dept. of general surgery, 7.1 in dept. of gynecoloty, 6.8 in dept. of pediatrics, 26.1 in dept. of nervous surgery, 21.6 in dept. of orthopedic surgery, 25.5 in dept. of plastic sersury, 7.6 in dept. of ophthalmology, 7.1 in dept. of E.N.T, 8.1 in dept. dermatoloty, 9.0 in dept. urology. 2. The trend of daily medical fees of in-patients was the highest from the first day to the third day. Because most necessary examination and various treatment or operation took place in these period. 3. The estimative model for medical fees by the length of stay at each clinical department was inferred. 4. The increased revenue per bed by shortening the length of stay was calculated by the estimative model. Shortening one day would increase 305,999 thousand won in dept. of internal medicine 232,138 thousand won in dept. of general surgery., 177,795 thousand won in dept. of gynecology medicine, 69,031 thousand won in dept. of pediatrics 360,381 thousand won in dept. of nervous surgery 211.339 thousand won in dept. of orthopedic surgery, 100,249 thousand won in dept of plastic surgery, 10,569 thousand won in dept. of ophthalmology -814,122 thousand won in dept. of E.N.T, 1,582 thousand won in dept. of dermatology, -5,821 thousand won in dept. of urology. It is expected that they can improve their profitability by shortening the length of stay of the in-patients.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.21-36
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study was to assess the needs of breast self examination education (BSEE) programs for developing nursing centers. A first, we reviewed the literature of activity and management-related factors of nursing centers: and, second. we used a questionnaire to discover the degree of knowledge, attitude, and practice on breast cancer, as well as an individual's intention to participate BSEE program. 1. Reviewing the literatures of nursing center activities. Nursing centers which were administered by a professional nurse are an ideal site for faculty and student practices. With the use of nursing models of health. professional nurses in nursing centers diagnose and treat human responses to potential and actual health problems and offer holistic, client-centered health service. In nursing centers professional nursing services include health education, health promotion, and health-related research. A nursing center is comprised of the advisory and exacutive commitee; the advisory commitee serves consultants and links community needs to the nursing center, while the director of the exacutive commitee identifies the potential resources to generate funds, support, and facilitate the activities of staffs in a nursing center. Nursing centers mobilize various financal resources for reimbursement of services from college and insurance companies, collect minimum service fees from the client, and further collect fees for providing programs to community groups, this also includes membership fees, and donations. The services provided by nursing centers focus on services related to primary prevention, health maintenance & health promotion, direct nursing care for acute & chronic diseases, and holistic care for actual and potential health problems. The client satisfaction for the services was high. Students also showed positive reponses for their clinical experiences and independent working conditions. 2. The degree of knowledge, attitudes, and practices for breast cancer. and an individual's intention to participate in the BSEE program. The subjects of this study were 308 females in K-city in the Republic of Korea. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The mean age of the respondents was 35.0 years old. Those who already participated in the BSEE were 64.9%, and those who had support and encouragement to practice BSE from significant others were 25.1 %. Clients intent to participate in the BSEE were 37.0%. The mean score of knowledge(2.4 out of 5 points) and practices(1.8 out of 5 points) for breast cancer were quite low, but the mean score of attitudes was relatively positive04.5 out of 20 point) for breast cancer. Those who already had BSEE showed significantly high scores in knowledge(t=6.48, p<0.01), attitudes (t=10.54, p<0.01). and practices(t=57.07, p<0.001) for breast cancer than those who had not participated in the BSEE. In all age groups no intention to participate in the BSEE was higher than who the intention to participate. These findings suggest some strategies should be developed to increase the awareness of breast cancer's early detection.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.429-446
• /
• 2017

The current study aims to identify factors associated with private tutoring of college students in Korea. For this purpose, this study used the Korean Education and Employment Panel survey, which contains items regarding whether or not college students receive private tutoring as well as the monthly costs of private lessons. The current study focuses on private English lessons due to the very low response rates of other types of private tutoring. For the analysis, the 5th wave of KEEP collected in 2008 was selected, and a Heckman selection model was employed, including three categories of variables: individual, school, and parent/household factors. The results have revealed that for the selection model (receiving private English tutoring or not), having received private lessons in high school, gender, and level of satisfaction regarding the respondent's current university were significant. In terms of the outcome model (cost for private English tutoring in college), university admission type (rolling vs. regular), living with parents, school type (4-yr university vs. others), being in debt to cover private lesson fees in high school, and monthly household income had significant effects. This article also discusses the results and implications for future research and policy makers.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.5-8
• /
• 2018

Patients who have the head and neck cancer are usually treated by surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or combinations of them. These treatments can induce variable degree of aspiration with dysphagia. The type and severity of aspiration depends on the size and location of the original tumor, the structures involved, and the treatment modality used for treatment. The management of aspiration after the head and neck cancer's treatment begins with an accurate evaluation for the cause and mechanism of aspiration through modified barium swallow (MBS) and fiberoptic endoscopic examination of swallowing (FEES). Then, the clinician can use postures, maneuvers, and exercises to treat the swallow disorder and to help the patient achieve optimal function. To achieve optimal swallowing without aspiration, multidimensional rehabilitation by various medical personnel is definitely necessary.

• Architectural research
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.139-147
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is to explore institutional frameworks to professionalize housing management in Korea. In particular, this research reviews the evolution of professional housing management and its institutional measures in a social constructionist perspective. The main method employed in the study is content analysis in which historical pathways in institutionalization of professional housing management are examined and a wide array of indices from secondary data are drawn out in relation to various actors. The findings show that a series of institutional measures were taken from 1970s to secure the professionalization of housing management ranging from introduction of housing management bylaws, placement of licensed housing managers, legal requirements of professionally managed housing estates, compulsory operation of long-term reserve funds, formation of residents' association, mandatory establishment of long-range maintenance planning, to standardization of multifamily housing management bylaws. Since the Multifamily Housing Management Ordinance of 1979 amended in 1980s, many institutional measures have been legally enforced and shaped contemporary practices of professional housing management such as an association for housing management companies, qualification of on-site housing management agents, national licensing examination for housing managers, an organization for licensed housing mangers, mandatory registration of housing management companies, disclosure of monthly housing management fees, and formalization of public assessment of housing management. In spite of the distinctive marks in the professionalization of housing management, more proactive and competitive approaches to the international professionalization need to be considered.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.47-64
• /
• 2015

Pursuant to Article 109(1) of the Attorney-at-Law Act of Korea, a person, not an attorney-at-law, who receives or promises to receive money, articles, entertainment or other benefits or who gives or promises to give those things to a third party, in compensation for providing or mediating legal services, such as examination, representation, arbitration(emphasis added), settlement, solicitation, legal consultation, making of legal documents, etc. shall be punished by imprisonment with prison labor for not more than 7 years or by a fine not exceeding KRW 50 million or may be punished by both and there is no specific provision on qualification of arbitrator except on nationality of an arbitrator in the Arbitration Act of Korea. Then, the question arises, can any non-lawyer arbitrator who receives arbitrator's fees be punished in accordance with the Attorney-at-Law Act in Korea? To search for an answer for this matter, this paper examines the Arbitration Act or the Civil Procedure Code of 33 major countries in the world and explains a research on the participation ratio of non-lawyer arbitrators in all 360 arbitration cases registered in 2012 at the Korean Commercial Arbitration Board (KCAB).

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.137-160
• /
• 2021

The customized cosmetics preparation management qualification system was implemented in March 2020, and it served to create jobs by developing professionals and vitalizing the cosmetics business. However, various problems such as high examination fees, suitability of questions, and utilization in industries are emerging. This paper attempts to prevent disputes that the system can cause and suggest ways to improve it by researching customized cosmetics, the industry status, and comparing foreign cosmetics laws. There is a kind of opinion that laws should be eased for this industry and the other opinion that expertise is necessary in this field because of safety. The system now has adverse effects due to a failure to adjust the difficulty of the exam. Cosmetics are not prescription-based, so they are routinely used. However, some toxic ingredients can cause side effects if they do not conform with certain standards. Also, it is difficult for a case to lead to lawsuits because most consumer damages related to cosmetics are individual. In addition, as e-commerce develops, there is a growing possibility of seeing more consumer damages. If safety and distribution issues, which experts are concerned about, escalate, the private dispute settlement system (among the ADR systems) should be activated as a resolution method.