• 한국가금학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.67-71
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• 1988

백색 Leghorn 암탉의 난자생성과정 중 감수분열을 억제하여 2배수성 난자(2n)의 생산에 근거한 다배교성 가축생산과 능력개양의 기초연구인 본 실험에서 감수분열시기는 배난 전 2~4시간이고 이때에 체중 kg당 0.3mg의 TEM(Tri ethylene melamin)을 복강에 주입하여 수정율 38%의 계란을 얻었고 이들 중 66%가 TEM의 영향으로 2n 의 난자가 생성되어 정상정자와의 결합으로 3배수성(3n)의 배아로 나타났다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2013

We investigate the effect of preharvest spray of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), an inhibitor of ACC synthase activity, on fruit quality of 'Wonhwang' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai). And the effects were compared with ethephon which releasing ethylene to elucidate treatment efficacy of ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor on Asian pears. Chemicals were sprayed on 30 days before harvest with AVG (75 and 150 mg/L) and ethephon (100 mg/L), respectively. Highest flesh firmness during 21 days of shelf-life at $25^{\circ}C$ after 30 days of cold storage was attained in the fruit treated with 150 mg/L AVG (26.5N) when compared with untreated control (16.7N), while the fruits treated with 100 mg/L ethephon completely lost their marketability within 14 days of shelf-life by mass drop of firmness down to 11.6N. Low incidence of physiological disorders including pithiness and core browning were attained at the fruits treated with 150 mg/L AVG when we compared with untreated control. No occurrence of mealiness found in the fruits treated with AVG but ethephon treated fruits showed 36.4% during 14 days of shelf-life. Consequently, AVG spray at the concentration of 150mg/L on Asian pear 'Wonhwang' fruit regarded as useful preharvest management approach for keeping quality during marketing period after simulated exportation.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.969-975
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 식물뿌리의 굴중성 반응에 있어서 식물호르몬과 AtEXPA3 유전자와의 관계를 밝히고자 하였다. AtEXPA3 유전자의 RT-PCR을 통한 발현분석 결과 잎, 근출엽, 뿌리 꽃 등 생장이 활발한 조직에서 발현률이 높게 나타났으며, 굴중성 자극과 BRs, IAA에 의해서도 발현이 증가되었다. 또한 ethylene 생합성 저해제인 AVG를 처리하면 굴중성 반응이 현저히 억제되었는데 이는 ethylene 그 자체도 BR과 IAA처럼 굴중성을 촉진시키는 활성을 갖고 있음을 의미한다. 한편 호르몬을 처리하지 않은 AtEXPA3 RNAi mutant에서 굴중성 반응이 억제되는 현상은 애기장대 뿌리의 생장에 관여하는 AtEXPA3의 조절 인자로 BRs, auxin, ethylene 등의 식물호르몬이 관여하고 있음을 나타낸다. 아울러 BRs signaling mutant에서 변화된 굴중성(bri1-301, bak1에서 감소, BRI-GFP에 서 증가) 반응의 감소와 증가는 굴중성 반응이 BRs의 신호전달 과정을 통하여 일어남을 의미한다. 결론적으로 애기장대 뿌리의 굴중성 반응은 식물호르몬에 의한 AtEXPA3 유전자의 발현 증가의 결과로 인해 애기장대 뿌리의 생장이 촉진되어 나타나는 결과라 하겠다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.26-30
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• 1994

Some ammonium oxalate soluble pectic fragments prepared from cultured cell wall of Ephycla distrahya elicited the accumulation of p-coumarocylamino acids (p-CAA) in E. distachya cultures while water soluble and alkali soluble fractions had no activity. Partial purification of the pectic fragments fraction using DEAE-cellulose chromatography afforded two active fractions (PS-I and PS-II) which were composed of mainly uronic acids (98-99 w/w %). They elicited the accumulation of p-CAA in an amount of 52-60 nmol per gram fresh weight of cultures. The acidic sugar compositions of PS-I and PS-II were found to be galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid by TLC analysis. They were supposed to act as endogenous elicitors of p-CAA accumulation. In order to investigate the effect of ethylene on p-CAA accumulation, Ethrel, which is known as ethylene generator, and ACC(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid), a direct precusor of ethylene biosynthesis, were added to the culture. However, they did not glycopeptide elicitor [(Con A-II)], either. Consequently, no relationships between ethylene and p-CAA accumulation were recognized. Several tentative elicitors were teted for their activity. Commercial yeast glucan, $CuCl_2$, laminarin and laminariheptaose had slight activity whereas ${\alpha}$-methylmannopyranoside and commercial yeast mannan had no elicitor activity. ${\alpha}$-methylmannopyranoside which has been known as a tentative inhibitor of glucan elicitor in Glycine max did not affect on the elicitor activity of Con A-II.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2005

In vitro studies using detached inflorescences with peduncles were conducted to investigate flower abscission agents in North American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.). Of the nine compounds studied only three, ammonium thiosulphate (ATS), abscisic acid (ABA) and ethephon induced abscission. Anilazine, benzyladenine, carbaryl, gibberellic acid, napthaleneacetic acid and thidiazuron did not induce abscission. ATS dip treatments did not induce abscission but the spray treatments induced $60.5\%$ abscission at $1500\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and $33.1\%$ at $3000\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. Severe chlorophyll loss occurred on all inflorescences treated with ATS. Both ABA dip treatments and a $250\;{\mu}mol{\cdot}L^{-1}$ spray treatment caused abscission $(40\%)$ without adverse effects, and timing of ABA application was important. Because ABA was only significant in the dip treatments, ABA may not be a practical option for field use on ginseng. Ethephon sprays induced more abscission as the season progressed and as the concentration increased. As the dip concentrations of ethephon increased, the abscission rate decreased and the health of the inflorescences declined. The $1500\;mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ spray of ethephon gave consistent abscission results over the glowing season with little phytotoxicity. Treatment with the competitive ethylene inhibitor 1-methylcy-clopropene (1-MCP) suggested that flower abscission was due to the liberation of ethylene from the breakdown of ethephon.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2003년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.196-200
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• 2003

A gas chromatography/mass spectrometric assay method was developed for the simultaneous determination of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) and diethylene glycol monomethyl ether (DEGME) in spilled aviation fuels. Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE) and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGEE) were used as internal standard and surrogate, respectively. The sample preparation consists of back-extraction with 7 mL of methylene chloride after extraction of 50 mL of fuel with 2 mL of water. The extract was concentrated to dryness and dissolved with 100L of methanol and analyzed by CC-MS (SIM). The peaks had good chromatographic properties by using semi-polar column and the extraction of these compounds from fuel also gave high recoveries of 75 and 85 % with small variations for EGME and DEGME, respectively. Method detection limits were 1.3 ng/mL for EGME and 1.0 ng/mL for DEGME in spilled fuel. The method may be useful for fuel-type differentiation between kerosene and JP-8, which may originate from the storage tank.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.619-624
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• 1990

This study deals with the effectiveness and its reaction of stearic acid, ethyl silicate and ethylene glycol as grinding aids in grinding of Hwasun flint clay by dry ball milling process. Results are follows ; 1) It was effective that stearic acid and ethyl silicate act as the grinding aids in grinding of Hwasun flint clay. Also, it was proven that addition of stearic acid and ethyl silicate was the most effective in 1.0 and 0.75wt%, respectively. 2) The addition of ethylene glycol below 0.5wt% showed better result than none, but when added more than 0.5wt% it behaved as the inhibitor of grinding process. 3) It was investigated that grinding aids increased the ability of the particle dispression by reducing the strong chhesive forces which is caused by extensive surface tension of water.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.87-91
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• 2012

암을 유발하는 phorbol ester로 알려진 Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)는 동물세포에서 신호전달 효소의 하나인 protein kinase C (PKC)를 활성화시킨다. 본 연구에서는 옥수수 일차뿌리에서 PMA가 에틸렌 생성을 통하여 굴중성 반응을 조절하는 효과를 연구하였다. PMA는 8시간 동안 $10^{-6}$ M과 $10^{-4}$ M에서 농도 의존적으로 뿌리 생장과 굴중성 반응을 촉진시켰다. 이러한 촉진 효과는 PKC의 억제제인 staurosporine (STA)에 의해 상쇄되었다. 이 결과는 굴중성 반응이 신호전달 체계에 관여하는 protein kinase C를 통하여 조절될 가능성을 제시하고 있다. 식물호르몬인 에틸렌도 뿌리 생장과 굴중성 반응에 중요한 역할을 한다고 알려져 있다. 에틸렌 생성은 $10^{-6}$ M과 $10^{-4}$ M PMA에 의하여 각각 26%와 37% 증가하였다. PMA는 또한 ACC synthase (ACS) 활성을 촉진시켰다. 또한 이 증가 효과는 STA에 의하여 상쇄되었다. 이 결과는 옥수수 뿌리에서 굴중성 반응은 에틸렌 생성을 거쳐 protein kinase를 통하여 조절될 가능성을 제시하고 있다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.356-363
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• 2015

This study examined the effects of different day/night temperature regimes or silver ion on growth and flowering of passion fruit 'Tai-nung No.1'. Low temperature treatment ($20/15^{\circ}C$) caused passion fruit cultivar 'Tai-nung No.1' to fail to flower. Flowering induction occurred within a temperature range of $20-30^{\circ}C$, with no significant difference in the days to first flower bud and the total number of flower buds between plants grown at $30/25^{\circ}C$ and $25/20^{\circ}C$. However, plants grown at $30/25^{\circ}C$ exhibited their first flower buds set on the higher nodes and had higher abortion rates of flower buds than those at $25/20^{\circ}C$. Plants grown at $30/25^{\circ}C$ had the most rapid growth and the shortest plastochron. We also evaluated the effect of the ethylene response inhibitors silver nitrate ($AgNO_3$) and silver thiosulfate (STS) on growth and flowering of potted passion fruit 'Tai-nung No.1', when they were exposed to low temperature conditions ($20/15^{\circ}C$) following chemical treatments ($AgNO_3$ or STS, at 0.5 or 1.0 mM). $AgNO_3$ and STS treatments induced flower formation and initial flower bud formation within approximately two weeks at $20/15^{\circ}C$ whereas non-treated control plants exhibited no flower formation. ACC content and activity of ACC oxidase in the leaves of passion fruit 'Tai-nung No.1'exposed to low temperature conditions ($20/15^{\circ}C$) were significantly inhibited by the ethylene inhibitor treatments. These results indicate that ethylene, which is produced under low temperature conditions, plays an important role in inhibiting flower formation in passion fruit.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.127-135
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• 1996

An efficient system of somatic embryogenesis was established for the red pepper plant (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Nokkwang) usign immature zygotic embryos. The size of the immature zygotic embryos and the concentrations of 2, 4-D and sucrose were found to be critical. Somatic embryos were induced via callus or directly from explants and regenerated into plantlets successfully. When zygotic embryos 1~2 mm long were cultured on the modified Murashige-Skoong (MS) medium supplemented with 2 mg/L 2, 4-D for 3 weeks in the dark, somatic embryos were induced directly from the apical region of zygotic embryos with the highest frequency being approximately 90%. To mature the somatic embryos, ABA and an ethylene inhibitor AgNO3 were used. The highest frequency of shoot regeneration (25% in each) resulted at 2$\mu$M ABA or 20$\mu$M AgNO3 treatment at rates 3.7 and 1.6 times control, respectively. Shoots developed mainly from the cotyledonary node on CoCl2-containing medium, and from the upper side of cotyledon on medium containing AgNO3 while the embryos on the control medium produced shoots from both the cotyledonary node and the upper region of cotyledons both at frequencies of 50%. Indirect somatic embryogenesis via callus was induced at an efficiency of approximately 10% with zygotic embryos 3~4 mm long cultured on MS medium containing 5~10 mg/L, 2, 4-D for 5~7 weeks under a continuous light condition. The plants regenerated from the somatic embryos were morphologically normal. Using scanning electron microscopy, the direct and indirect somatic embryogeneses were observed to follow the globular, heart and torpedo stages, similar to zygotic embryogenesis. Also, suspensors appeared in the early globular and ovoid-shaped late globular embryos during indirect somatic embryogenesis.