Horticultural Science & Technology (원예과학기술지)

Korean Society of Horticultural Science (한국원예학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Temperature and Ethylene Response Inhibitors on Growth and Flowering of Passion Fruit

  • Liu, Fang-Yin (Department of Horticulture, National Taitung Jr. College) ;
  • Peng, Yung-Liang (Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University) ;
  • Chang, Yu-Sen (Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University)
  • Received : 2014.05.22
  • Accepted : 2014.12.21
  • Published : 2015.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study examined the effects of different day/night temperature regimes or silver ion on growth and flowering of passion fruit 'Tai-nung No.1'. Low temperature treatment ($20/15^{\circ}C$) caused passion fruit cultivar 'Tai-nung No.1' to fail to flower. Flowering induction occurred within a temperature range of $20-30^{\circ}C$, with no significant difference in the days to first flower bud and the total number of flower buds between plants grown at $30/25^{\circ}C$ and $25/20^{\circ}C$. However, plants grown at $30/25^{\circ}C$ exhibited their first flower buds set on the higher nodes and had higher abortion rates of flower buds than those at $25/20^{\circ}C$. Plants grown at $30/25^{\circ}C$ had the most rapid growth and the shortest plastochron. We also evaluated the effect of the ethylene response inhibitors silver nitrate ($AgNO_3$) and silver thiosulfate (STS) on growth and flowering of potted passion fruit 'Tai-nung No.1', when they were exposed to low temperature conditions ($20/15^{\circ}C$) following chemical treatments ($AgNO_3$ or STS, at 0.5 or 1.0 mM). $AgNO_3$ and STS treatments induced flower formation and initial flower bud formation within approximately two weeks at $20/15^{\circ}C$ whereas non-treated control plants exhibited no flower formation. ACC content and activity of ACC oxidase in the leaves of passion fruit 'Tai-nung No.1'exposed to low temperature conditions ($20/15^{\circ}C$) were significantly inhibited by the ethylene inhibitor treatments. These results indicate that ethylene, which is produced under low temperature conditions, plays an important role in inhibiting flower formation in passion fruit.

Keywords

References

  1. Abdul, K.S. and G.P. Harris. 1978. Control of flower number in the first inflorescence of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.): the role of gibberellins. Ann. Bot. 42:1361-1367.
  2. Barbosa, W.M., W.C. Otoni, M. Carnelossi, E. Silva, A.A. Azevedo, and G. Vieira. 2001. Rhizogenesis in in vitro shoot cultures of passionfruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.) is affected by ethylene precursors and by inhibitors. Int. J. Hortic. Sci. 7:47-51.
  3. Beppu, K., T. Suehara, and I. Kataoka. 2001. Embryo sac development and fruit set of 'Satohnoshiki' sweet cherry as affected by temperature, $GA_3$, and paclobutrazol. J. Jpn. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 70:157-162. https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.70.157
  4. Beyer, E.M. 1976. A potent inhibitor of ethylene action in plants. Plant Physiol. 58:268-271. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.58.3.268
  5. Blankenship, S.M. and J.M. Dole. 2003. 1-Methylcyclopropene: a review. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 28:1-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5214(02)00246-6
  6. Calvert, A. 1959. Effect of the early environment on development of flowering in the tomato. J. Hortic. Sci. 32:9-17.
  7. Chang, Y.S. and C.Y. Cheng. 1992. Effects of temperature and light on growth and flower formation of passionfruit. J. Chinese Soc. Hortic. Sci. 38:30-36.
  8. Chen, Y.Z. and B.D. Patterson, 1985. Ethylene and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid as indicators of chilling sensitivity in various plant species. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 12:377-385. https://doi.org/10.1071/PP9850377
  9. Elfving, D.C., D.B. Visser, M.D. Whiting, and G.A. Lang. 2004. Growth and flowering responses of sweet cherry cultivars to prohexadione-calcium and ethephon. Acta Hortic. 636:75-82.
  10. Hussey, G. 1963a. Growth and development in the young tomato. I. The effect of temperature and light intensity on growth of the shoot apex and leaf primordia. J. Exp. Bot. 14:316-325. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/14.2.316
  11. Hussey, G. 1963b. Growth and development in the young tomato. II. The effect of defoliation on the development of the shoot apex. J. Exp. Bot. 14:326-333. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/14.2.326
  12. Jackson, M.B., M.C. Drew, and S.C. Giffard. 1981. Effects of applying ethylene to the root system of Zea mays on growth and nutrient concentration in relation to flooding tolerance. Physiol. Plant 52:23-28. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1981.tb06028.x
  13. Leonard, M. and J.M. Kinet. 1982. Endogenous cytokinin and gibberellin levels in relation to inflorescence development in tomato. Ann. Bot. 50:127-130.
  14. Liu, F.Y. and Y.S. Chang. 2011a. Effects of shoot bending on ACC content, ethylene production, growth and flowering of bougainvillea. Plant Growth Regul. 63:37-44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-010-9509-2
  15. Liu, F.Y. and Y.S. Chang. 2011b. Ethephon treatment promotes flower formation in bougainvillea. Bot. Stud. 52:183-189.
  16. Lizada, M.C.C. and S.F. Yang.1979. A simple and sensitive assay for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid. Anal. Biochem. 100:140-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(79)90123-4
  17. MacRae, E.A., A.K. Hardacre, and I.B. Ferguson. 1986. Comparison of chlorophyll fluorescence with several other techniques used to assess chilling sensitivity in plants. Physiol. Plant. 67:659-665. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1986.tb05074.x
  18. Max, G., V. Acuna, W.V. Biasi, E.J. Mitchama, and D. Holcroft. 2011. Fruit temperature and ethylene modulate 1-MCP response in 'Bartlett' pears. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 60:17-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2010.11.005
  19. Meinke, H. and A. Karnatz. 1990. Influence of air and soil temperatures on grafted and self-rooted Passiflora hybrids. Sci. Hortic. 43:237-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(90)90095-V
  20. Mekhedov, S.L. and H. Kende. 1996. Submergence enhances expression of a gene encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase in deepwater rice. Plant Cell Physiol. 37:531-534. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a028976
  21. Menzel, C.M. and D.R. Simpson. 1988. Effect of continuous shading on growth, flowering and nutrient uptake of passionfruit. Sci. Hortic. 35:77-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(88)90039-8
  22. Menzel, C.M. and D.R. Simpson. 1994. Passionfruit, p. 225-241. In: B. Schaffer and P.C. Andersen (ed.). Handbook of environmental physiology of fruit crops. Vol. II: Sub-tropical and tropical crops. CRC Press, Florida.
  23. Menzel, C.M., D.R. Simpson, and A.J. Dowling. 1986. Water relations in passionfruit: effect of moisture stress on growth, flowering and nutrient uptake. Sci. Hortic. 29:239-249. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(86)90067-1
  24. Menzel, C.M., D.R. Simpson, and C.W. Winks. 1987. Effect of temperature on growth, flowering and nutrient uptake of passionfruit. Sci. Hortic. 31:259-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(87)90051-3
  25. Nave, N., E. Katz, N. Chayut, S. Gazit, and A. Samach. 2010. Flower development in the passionfruit Passiflora edulis requires a photoperiod-induced systemic graft-transmissible signal. Plant Cell Environ. 33:2065-2083. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02206.x
  26. Ohyama, K., Y. Omura, and T. Kozai. 2005. Effect of air temperature regimes on physiological disorders and floral development of tomato seedlings grown under continuous light. HortScience 40:1304-1306.
  27. Orihuel-Iranzo, B., M. Miranda, L. Zacarias, and M.T. Lafuente. 2010. Temperature and ultra-low oxygen effects and involvement of ethylene in chilling injury of 'Rojo Brillante' persimmon fruit. Food Sci. Technol. 16:159-167.
  28. Reis, L.B., V.B.P. Neto, E.A.T. Picoli, M.G.C. Costa, M.M. Reso, C.R. Carvalho, F.L. Finger, and W.C. Otoni. 2003. Axillary bud development of passionfruit as affected by ethylene precursor and inhibitors. In Vitro Cell Dev. Biol. 39:618-622. https://doi.org/10.1079/IVP2003455
  29. Ritenour, M.A., C.H. Crisosto, D.T. Garner, G.W. Cheng, and J.P. Zoffoli. 1999. Temperature, length of cold storage and maturity influence the ripening rate of ethylene-preconditioned kiwifruit. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 15:107- 115. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5214(98)00074-X
  30. Sachs, R.M. 1977. Nutrient diversion: a hypothesis to explain the chemical control of flowering. HortScience 12:220-222.
  31. Saltveit, M.E. 1999. Effect of ethylene on quality of fresh fruits and vegetables. Postharvest Biol. Technol. 15:279-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5214(98)00091-X
  32. Sasaki, H., T. Yano, and A. Yamasaki. 2005. Reduction of high temperature inhibition in tomato fruit set by plant growth regulators. JARQ 39:135-138. https://doi.org/10.6090/jarq.39.135
  33. Sawhney, V.K. 1983. The role of temperature and its relationship with gibberellic acid in the development of floral organs of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Can. J. Bot. 61:1258-1265. https://doi.org/10.1139/b83-133
  34. Simon, P. and A. Karnatz. 1983. Effect of soil and air temperature on growth and flower formation of purple passionfruit (Passiflora edulis Sims var. edulis). Acta Hortic. 139:83-90.
  35. Sisler, E.C. and S.F. Yang. 1984. Ethylene, the gaseous plant hormone. BioScience 34:234-238. https://doi.org/10.2307/1309461
  36. Staveley, G.W. and B.N. Wolstenholme. 1990. Effect of water stress on growth and flowering of Passiflora edulis Sims. grafted to P. caerulea L. Acta Hort. 275:551-557.
  37. Tacken, E., H. Ireland, K. Gunaseelan, S. Karunairetnam, D. Wang, K. Schultz, J. Bowen, R.G. Atkinson, J.W. Johnston, J. Putterill, R.P. Hellens, and R.J. Schaffer. 2010. The role of ethylene and cold temperature in the regulation of the apple POLYGALACTURONASE1 gene and fruit softening. Plant Physiol. 153:294-305. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.109.151092
  38. Utsunomiya, N. 1992. Effect of temperature on shoot growth, flowering and fruit growth of purple passionfruit (Passiflora edulis Sims var. edulis). Sci. Hortic. 52:63-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(92)90008-Z
  39. Veen, H. 1983. Silver thiosulphate: an experimental tool in plant science. Sci. Hortic. 20:211-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4238(83)90001-8
  40. Veen, H. 1987. Use of inhibitors of ethylene action. Acta Hortic. 201:213-222.
  41. Ververdis, P. and P. John. 1991. Complete recovery in vitro of ethylene-forming enzyme activity. Phytochemistry 30:725-727. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)85241-Q
  42. Wheeler, R.M., B.V. Peterson, J.C. Sager, and W.M. Knott. 1996. Ethylene production by plants in a closed environment. Adv. Space Res. 18:193-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(95)00877-H
  43. Zhu, Y.X. and P.J. Davies. 1997. The control of apical bud growth and senescence by auxin and gibberellin in genetic lines of peas. Plant Physiol. 113:631-637.
  44. Ziv, M.M., Z. Bernstein, and S. Lavee. 1981. Necrosis in grapevine buds (Vitis vinifera cv. Queen of Vineyard). II. Effect of gibberellic acid ($GA_3$) application. Vitis 20:105-114.

Cited by

  1. Flavonoid Compounds and Photosynthesis in Passiflora Plant Leaves under Varying Light Intensities vol.9, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9050633