• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to look into the feasibility of site suitability focused on the potential for environmentally- and water-friendly recreation area development in a wide area(Nakdong River 35km) and to study new methods for providing basic data in regard to the recreation planning over a wide area as well as in application to other sites. The results of this study are as follows. Through classification by mesh method, the site of this study was classified into 42 grids, and by means of the analysis of evaluation indicators, 20 indicators were established and sorted into 4 types of significant recreation activity. According to the results of the analysis for each recreation activity type, there were 8 essentials for water-friendly recreation activity types based on water use while water-friendly recreation types for static activity included 12 sub-essentials. As a result of the first evaluation(the minimum required evaluation) by each classified grid, 32 of the 42 total grids were implemented by the minimum requirements. These grids were usually distributed evenly through the whole site. In terms of the second evaluation(specific site evaluation) results, 6 grids were highly suitable for recreational nature experiences and landscape ecological learning, 4 grids for developing water-friendly recreation for exercise, 1 grid for building water-friendly recreation based on water use, and 4 grids for planning water-friendly recreation for static activity. The results of the grid evaluation of this study could be extended to contiguous grids or reduced. Actual planning for a water-friendly recreation area must change the grid shape or size through boundary adjustments.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.12 no.12
• /
• pp.103-110
• /
• 2012

Various industrial sectors have formally turned to Green Development, practicing eco-design with the goal of saving the environment. Such trend can also be applied to jewelry design and production. Jewelry, which emerged with the birth of humankind, has been a contributing factor to environmental pollution and depletion of resources due to mass production and reckless consuming patterns of the 20th century. With the arrival of the World economic crises, however, the consumption of jewelry has dropped and now the industry desperately needs a boost for revival. In this paper, we propose a way to recycle waste materials and turn them into a new kind of jewelry. We introduce various junk materials that can be reused, and how to reuse them. The new type of jewelry we aim for is environment-friendly, low-cost, and unique as opposed to identical mass production of the past. The eco-design product will likely add new value to jewelry industry. The product targets sophisticated modern consumers with conscientious, environmentally aware consuming patterns. To fulfill the needs of these consumers, we propose methods of upcycling from junk to jewelry, by combining precious stones with waste materials.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.8-14
• /
• 2016

Increasing concerns of environment need to make change furniture field to more environmentally friendly approach, such as reuse of by-products from wooden products. As it is, the methods of recycling wood for industrial purposes have the advantage of productivity and adaptability. However, the industrial way is required a certain production facility of processing wooden by-products and has possible hygienic problems due to contaminated sources. Many designers have developed their own methods for reuse of wood in unique and artistic ways. Even so, because of confined sources, it could be not enough supply. Therefore, I developed the design methodology utilizing wooden by-products from S Design Company to relieve former ways' problems. The design suggestion took materials from a safe and abundant source. The wooden leftover pieces were connected together with epoxy clay, so previous process traces of furniture are remained as a decorative factor. Moreover, the synthesized material was able to be processed by ordinary woodworking facilities without additional installations. In doing so, console table focused on a commercial purpose and dining table for an artistic objective were successfully fabricated as final suggestions. In consideration of the proposal using wooden furniture leftovers, diverse recycling designs should be investigated for future reference.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
• /
• v.35 no.12
• /
• pp.149-156
• /
• 2019

Recently, skyscraper building and apartment fires, which were rapidly spread out from a low floor to a rooftop, have become a frequent occurrence in mass media. This fire problems have a fatal disadvantage that the exterior wall finish of the building emits toxic gas in case of fire by using dry bit method or organic insulating material. Therefore, in order to remedy these problems, many exterior wall finishing construction methods have been proposed, but the current trend is to use existing construction methods due to problems such as economy, weight, and durability. On the other hand, in countries such as Germany and Japan, ceramic sidings are used as exterior finishing material for buildings, which is environmentally friendly, excellent natural beauty, long life, easy maintenance and high-quality exterior materials. However, those ceramic sidings have still the problems such as manufacturing cost and weight problem because of boosting the sintering temperature up to 1,350℃ or more. Also, conventional CRC, MgO, FRP sidings which are composed of pulp, glass fiber and organic materials, have been reports of deformation due to ultraviolet rays, discoloration, corrosion and scattering, surface rupture, lifting and peeling. Therefore, in this study as an alternative to solve this problem, halosite nano kaolin produced in Sancheong in Korea and frit flux were used to satisfy the required properties as ceramic siding using low temperature sintering (below 1,000℃) and lightweight materials such as pearlite. This study aims to design the optimal formulation and process of materials and to study the characteristics of nano-coated ceramic siding material development and to present relevant basic data. The findings show that ceramic siding for nanocoated building materials is excellent as a natural ceramic siding building material. The fire resistance of natural minerals and nano particle refining technology satisfy the bending strength of 80kgf / cm2, the volume ratio of 2.0 and the absorption rate of less than 10.0%.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.29-40
• /
• 2023

Xanthan gum and starch compound biopolymer (XS), an environmentally friendly soil-binding material produced from natural resources, has been suggested as a slope protection material to enhance soil strength and erosion resistance. Insufficient wet strength and the consequent durability concerns remain, despite XS biopolymer-soil treatment showing high strength and erosion resistance in the dried state, even with a small dosage of soil mass. These concerns need to be solved to improve the field applicability and post-stability of this treatment. This study explored the utilization of an alkaline-based cation crosslinking method using calcium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide to induce non-thermal gelation, resulting in the enhancement of the wet strength and durability of biopolymer-treated soil. Laboratory experiments were conducted to assess the unconfined compressive strength and cyclic wetting-drying durability performance of the treated soil using a selected recipe based on a preliminary gel formation test. The results demonstrated that the uniformity of the gel structure and gelling time varied depending on the ratio of crosslinkers to biopolymer; consequently, the strength of the soil was affected. Subsequently, site soil treated with the recipe, which showed the best performance in indoor assessment, was implemented on the field slope at the bridge abutment via compaction and pressurized spraying methods to assess feasibility in field implementation. Moreover, the variation in surface soil hardness was monitored periodically for one year. Both slopes implemented by the two construction methods showed sufficient stability against detachment and scouring, with a higher soil hardness index than the natural slope for a year.

• Composites Research
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.69-79
• /
• 2023

Oil-water separation is a critical process for several industrial applications, including oil production, wastewater treatment, food processing, and environmental area such as marine oil spills. The separation efficiency of oil-water mixtures can be influenced by various factors such as mixture composition, oil and water conditions, and the separation technology used. Over the years, various technologies have been developed to separate water and oil by physical, chemical and biological methods. This paper presents an overview of the various methods and technologies available for oil-water separation, including gravity separation, centrifugal separation, and separation using adsorbents, filters. The strengths and limitations of each method are discussed, along with recent research trends and future prospects. Furthermore, this paper aims to provide direction for future research and industrial application of sustainable and environmentally friendly oil-water separation technologies. In conclusion, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent oil-water separation technologies that will be beneficial to researchers and industrialists in the field of oil-water separation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.33 no.11
• /
• pp.1403-1411
• /
• 2023

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is the most abundant component of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and directly creates environmental issues such as global warming and climate change. Carbon capture and storage have been proposed mainly to solve the problem of increasing CO₂ concentration in the atmosphere; however, more emphasis has recently been placed on its use. Among the many methods of using CO₂, one of the key environmentally friendly technologies involves biologically converting CO₂ into other organic substances such as biofuels, chemicals, and biomass via various metabolic pathways. Although an efficient biocatalyst for industrial applications has not yet been developed, biological CO₂ conversion is the needed direction. To this end, this review briefly summarizes seven known natural CO₂ fixation pathways according to carbon number and describes recent studies in which natural CO₂ assimilation systems have been applied to heterogeneous in vivo and in vitro systems. In addition, studies on the production of methanol through the reduction of CO₂ are introduced. The importance of redox cofactors, which are often overlooked in the CO₂ assimilation reaction by enzymes, is presented; methods for their recycling are proposed. Although more research is needed, biological CO₂ conversion will play an important role in reducing GHG emissions and producing useful substances in terms of resource cycling.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.44 no.4
• /
• pp.873-884
• /
• 2024

Flunixin is a veterinary nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent whose residues have been investigated in their original form within tissues such as muscle and liver. However, flunixin remains in milk as a metabolite, and 5-hydroxy flunixin has been used as the primary marker for its surveillance. This study aimed to develop a quantitative method for detecting flunixin and 5-hydroxy flunixin in milk and to strengthen the monitoring system by applying to other livestock and fishery products. Two different methods were compared, and the target compounds were extracted from milk using an organic solvent, purified with C₁₈, concentrated, and reconstituted using a methanol-based solvent. Following filtering, the final sample was analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Method 1 is environmentally friendly due to the low use of reagents and is based on a multi-residue, multi-class analysis method approved by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. The accuracy and precision of both methods were 84.6%-115% and 0.7%-9.3%, respectively. Owing to the low matrix effect in milk and its convenience, Method 1 was evaluated for other matrices (beef, chicken, egg, flatfish, and shrimp) and its recovery and coefficient of variation are sufficient according to the Codex criteria (CAC/GL 71-2009). The limits of detection and quantification were 2-8 and 5-27 ㎍/kg for flunixin and 2-10 and 6-33 ㎍/kg for 5-hydroxy flunixin, respectively. This study can be used as a monitoring method for a positive list system that regulates veterinary drug residues for all livestock and fisheries products.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.33 no.8
• /
• pp.575-581
• /
• 2024

Insect pests are a significant threat to stored crops and can lead to considerable economic losses and reduced crop quality. Traditional pest control methods often involve chemical treatments, which have adverse environmental and health effects. This study evaluated the effectiveness of controlling the environment using LED lighting and plant-derived odor barriers as a dual strategy for insect pest control. The storage environment was altered using LED lights that emitted specific wavelengths (580-585 nm) and by reducing other wavelengths (300-500 nm). This light environment was combined with an insect odor barrier derived from Cinnamomum verum, Illicium verum, and Artemisia annua, and their duel impact on the behavior and frequency of insect pests under real storage conditions was determined. The findings revealed significant changes in the frequencies of various insect orders, indicating differential responses to light wavelengths and odor barriers. Notably, the introduction of an anti-insect light and odor barrier environment reduced Diptera and Hemiptera frequencies, which could potentially reduce pest intrusion. The results underscore the potential use of integrated light and odor barriers as a noninvasive and environmentally friendly approach to pest management. This study identifies the specific wavelengths and odor combinations that effectively deter insect pests and contribute to the development of more efficient and sustainable pest control methods. It also highlights the importance of understanding insect behavior and frequency changes in response to novel deterrent strategies.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.57 no.4
• /
• pp.456-462
• /
• 2012

In the new changing scenario, the goal of agriculture is shifting from traditional to sustainable and environment-friendly agriculture. Therefore, in this experiment, we analyzed economic efficiency of two methods of rice cultivation i.e. new cultural method and conventional method, at farmers' fields. In the new cultural method, cost of materials and machines (rice-transplanting and sowing machine) was found 245% higher than the conventional method. Depreciation of cost and working hours were also higher in the new cultural method by 1.9 and 1.1 time, respectively. However, cost of seeds and seedbed soil were 44.0% and 49.2% lower and total material cost was 4.4% lower than the conventional method. In the new cultural method, overall working cost of nursery raising and transplanting per 10a was 229.8% higher than the conventional method. However, in spite of high input cost, yield of rice in new cultural method was higher by 6.7% than the conventional method. Our results showed that new cultural method was better than the conventional method except the input cost. If government provide 80% subsidy for machine cost then its input cost will be reduced by 45.4% than the conventional method.