• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.122-126
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• 2015

Credit enhancement is absolutely essential for financing Independent Power Producer (IPP) projects in Asia particularly for countries whose sovereign credit rating is on non-investment grade and foreign investment is difficult to achieve. Due to nexus of agreements among varies parties in IPP project, it is hard to clearly visualize the roles of these agreements. Examples are: What credit enhancement factors are most influential to minimize the associated risks of IPP projects? Why are they powerful? What are their roles? Who are less powerful and what are the obstacles that causes them less powerful? A research is conducted to identify the credit enhancement factors for IPP projects in Asia. IPP professionals validated 27 out of 28 identified credit enhancement factors, and five factor groupings were made through factor analysis. Afterwards, network theory is applied to find the unanswered questions, which by graphical and mathematical representations show that the host government's credit enhancement, MDBs, ECAs and other parties' credit enhancement are prominent and of great importance to handle the associated risks of IPP projects in Asia

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.62-71
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was done to compare sleep patterns, factors of sleep disturbance and sleep enhancement behaviors between sleep disturbance and non-sleep disturbance elderly patients. Method: The participants were 117 patients over 65 years old who were hospitalized at 5 general hospitals in Seoul. There were 83 patients in the good sleeper group and 34 in the poor sleeper group. The survey questionnaires included questions on general characteristics, sleep patterns, sleep disturbing factors, and sleep enhancement behaviors of the patients. Results: For sleep patterns and environmental factors of sleep disturbance, the poor sleepers was significantly higher than that of the good sleepers. Significant differences between good sleepers and poor sleepers were also found on the following variables: Environmental factors of sleep disturbance -'Sound of other patient's or care-giver's', 'Discomfort of bed, linen, pillow and patient's gown', 'Light in the room', 'Emergency situations', 'Temperature of patients rooms too hot or too cold'. The significant physical factor of sleep disturbance was 'Hard to breath even without moving' and for sleep enhancement behaviors: 'Use of ear plugs or eye covers' Conclusion: Consequently it is necessary to develop positive and differentiated programs for sleep enhancement for the inactive and poor sleeper among the elderly patients.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2014

GTO의 경쟁력 제고 방안 요인 중 대분류 세 가지 요인에 대한 분석결과는 "주관적인 요인"이 4.21점, "경영환경적인 요인"이 3.94점, 그리고 "정부 정책적인 요인"이 3.90점이었다. 세 가지 요인 중 주관적인 요인의 평균평점이 월등히 높아 결국 GTO의 경쟁력을 제고하기 위해서는 GTO 스스로 물동량을 확보하고, 항만물류서비스를 제고하는 등의 노력을 하는 것이 가장 중요하다는 것을 나타내고 있다. 하지만 경영환경적인 요인과 정부 정책적인 요인의 평균평점은 거의 동일하여, 이 두 가지 요인은 GTO의 경쟁력 제고에 거의 동일하게 영향을 미치고 있다는 결론이다. 즉, 주관적인 요인의 평균평점이 월등히 높다는 것은, GTO의 경쟁력을 제고하기 위해서는 항만 컨테이너터미널을 운영하는 GTO 스스로가 가장 우선적으로 (1) 로컬 및 환적 컨테이너 물동량을 확보하고, (2) 신속성 정시성 안정성 등 항만물류서비스를 제고하며, (3) 생산성을 높여 저렴한 요율을 적용하여야 하고, (4) 선사 유치 및 전략적 제휴 등을 통해 물동량을 확보하는 것이 가장 중요하다는 것을 의미한다. 한편 경영환경적인 요인(3.94점)이 정부 정책적인 요인(3.90) 보다 약간 높지만 거의 동일한 평균 평점을 기록하고 있는데, 이것은 경영환경적인 요인, 즉 세계경제의 발전 및 컨테이너 물동량의 증가, 컨테이너선사의 발전 및 Alliance, 항만의 인지도, 중추항만으로서의 기능 등도 GTO의 경쟁력을 제고 하는데 상당히 중요하며, 이와 더불어 선진적인 항만개발정책, 선전진적인 요율 정책, 환적물량 확보 등을 위한 인센티브 정책 등 정부 정책적인 요인도 GTO의 경쟁력을 제고 하는데 상당한 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 보인다.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.214-218
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• 2014

The main objective of this study is to analyse the influence factors of snowfall enhancement by glaciogenic seeding in a mountainous area. Twenty-five seeding experiments have been conducted during the period of February to April 2010. To use two rates seeding experiments (SR1: $1.04g\;min^{-1}$, SR2: $2.08g\;min^{-1}$) have been tested to get an appropriate ratio for snowfall enhancement at Daegwallyeong area. The conditions of seeding are able as followings: surface temperature <$0^{\circ}C$, wind speed <5 m/s, wind direction between 0 and $130^{\circ}$. The experiment results indicated that in the case of SR1 was more effective than SR2. The number of small ice particles below 1.0 mm was increased during seeding period measured by PARSIVEL disdrometer near generator. Most of snowfall enhancement by seeding was observed the inflow of the easterly wind blew in toward Gangwon regions from the East Sea and the supersaturated supercooled liquid water due to orographic effect.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.549-561
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• 2012

This study investigates the effects of sociocultural influences and body image on appearance enhancement behaviors (facial management, clothing selection, and weight/figure management). For data collection, a questionnaire was administrated to 562 female college students in Gwangju City, Chonnam area and Chonbuk area, Korea, from May 23 to June 10, 2011. To analyze the data, a SPSS 18.0 statistics package was used, and descriptive statistical analysis, frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis were conducted. The results were as follows. First, sociocultural influences were divided into three factors: parental influence, media influence, and peer influence. Overall sociocultural influences had positive effects on appearance enhancement behavior. Second, body image was divided into two factors: weight-concern and appearance-concern. Sociocultural influences had significant effects on overall body image. Third, body image appeared to have positive effects on overall appearance enhancement behavior.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.602-611
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• 2001

Experiments on the condensation heat transfer characteristics inside a smooth and a microfin tube with R410A/R22 are performed in this study. The test tubes 7/9.52 mm in outside diameters and 3m in length are used. Varying the mass flux of the refrigerant and the condensation temperatures, the average heat transfer coefficients and pressure drop are investigated. Most flows in this study are in the annular and/or wavy flow regime. It is shown that the heat transfer is enhanced and the pressure drops are larger in the microfin tube than the smooth tube. From the heat transfer enhancement coefficients and the pressure drops, it is found that the high heat transfer enhancement factors are obtained in the range of small mass flux while the penalty factors are almost equal. Experiments results show that average heat transfer coefficients of R410A is larger than that of R22 and pressure drop of R410A is less than R22.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.532-539
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of cooking wine's functions on food quality attributes. factor analysis, reliability analysis (Cronbach's $\alpha$), and multiple regression analysis were employed to analyze the data. The cooking wine functions were divided into 3 factors (expectation of utility, functionality, and quality enhancement). According to the multiple regression analysis of cooking wine factors to food quality, all factors had positive influences on food quality. Among the three factors, expectation of utility(=.556, p<0.001) had the most significant influence on food quality. And functionality (=.321, p<0.001) and quality enhancement(=.296, p<=0.001) also had significant effects in that order. further research should be conducted on cooking wine's utility aspects and their effects on food quality. Finally, we anticipate that the results of this study will be useful information for food-service companies.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.536-541
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• 2021

In this study, we investigated whether Hibiscus manihot flowers (HMF) exhibits immunostimulatory activity in RAW264.7 cells. HMF increased the production of immunostimulatory factors such as NO, iNOS, IL-1β and TNF-α in RAW264.7 cells. TLR2 and TLR4 blocked HMF-mediated production of immunostimulatory factors in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, the inhibition of MAPK signaling pathway reduced HMF-mediated production of immunostimulatory factors. From these results, HMF is thought to promote the production of immunostimulatory factors through activating TLR2/4/MAPK signaling in macrophages. It is believed that HMF can be developed as an agent related to immune enhancement in the future.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.810-822
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• 2014

This study investigated the effects of sociocultural influence and body image on appearance enhancement behavior (facial management, clothing selection, and weight/figure management). For data collection, a questionnaire was administrated to 378 female college students in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do from May $23^{rd}$ to June $10^{th}$ 2013. A SPSS 18.0 statistics package was used to analyze data along with descriptive statistical analysis, frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis and frequency analysis. The results were as follows. First, sociocultural influences were divided into three factors: media influence, peer influence, and parental influence. Overall sociocultural influences had positive effects on appearance enhancement behavior. Second, body image was divided into: appearances-management, body-satisfaction and body confidence. Sociocultural influences had a significant effect on overall body image. Third, body image positively affected overall appearance enhancement behavior.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.1-13
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• 1997

Recently, much of attention has been given to the role of values in pro-environmental behaviors. The reasons are that most of environmental pollution comes from the home-living and polluting behavior is motivated by the undesirable value pursuing self-interests. This study is designed to investigate the effect of values on environmental behaviors. The results of this study are as following: Homemakers' value structure had 'self-transcendence·conservation' value, 'self-enhancement·conservation' value and 'openness-to-change' value as value factors. And the homemakers thought of self-transcendence·conservation value as "most important" and self-enhancement·conservation value as "not important". Consequently, homemakers had a tendency to do more pro-environmental behaviors when they perceived self-transcendence·conservation value as "more important value", while they did less when they regarded self-enhancement·conservation value as "more important". Therefor self-transcendence·whereas self-enhancement·conservation value is a negative predictor. Especially, self-transcendence·conservation value had more influence on pro-environmental behaviors than self-enhancement·conservation value.