• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.61-67
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how EFL learners can overcome the limitations of traditional classes and practice communication through the learning activity model. As a research method, it was conducted from March to June 2019 to develop and derive strategies and guidelines through model development, validation, and application. After two validity tests, the model was applied to the experimental group, resulting in an increase of self-direction, engagement, problem-solving, and participation. Moreover the post results showed significant results in all fields, the usefulness of this model was confirmed. However, continuous follow-up research is needed, including the development of software that can easily apply AI related to English learning to classes, and the presentation of convergence activities with more systematic maker education in learning activities.

• 한국노년학
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.675-687
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• 2012

This study is aimed to investigate the difference of leisure time use of elderly groups clustered with demographic factors and finally produce the leisure profile. A total 5392 time diaries, filled up by 65-years old and over in 2009 Time Use Survey, were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, correlation, cluster analysis, and ANOVA accompanied with the Scheffe's tests. The subjects could be clustered into 7 groups such as still working, work than leisure, hobby with friends, various leisure in a city, with religion and friendship, working and doing leisure in their spare time, and leisure in suburb based upon demographic factors such as age, gender, spouse, education, job, income and living area. The data also revealed that the clusters had different time use patterns in pursuing leisure. Overall, leisure in later life could be influenced by working status, and play an important role in filling their loss of job or spouse. The findings could help us plan upcoming leisure program and policies for the elderly.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.418-426
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• 2022

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is one of the promising anticancer treatments. It shows a high overall response rate with complete response to blood cancer. However, there is a limitation to solid tumor treatment. Additionally, this currently approved therapy exhibits side effects such as cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity. Alternatively, bispecific antibody is an innovative therapeutic tool that simultaneously engages specific immune cells to disease-related target cells. Since programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint molecule highly expressed in some cancer cells, in the current study, we generated αCD3xαPD-L1 bispecific antibody (BiTE) which can engage T cells to PD-L1⁺ cancer cells. We observed that the BiTE-bound OT-1 T cells effectively killed cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. They substantially increased the recruitment of effector memory CD8⁺ T cells having CD8⁺CD44⁺CD62L^low phenotype in tumor. Interestingly, we also observed that BiTE-bound polyclonal T cells showed highly efficacious tumor killing activity in vivo in comparison with the direct intravenous treatment of bispecific antibody, suggesting that PD-L1-directed migration and engagement of activated T cells might increase cancer cell killing. Additionally, BiTE-bound CAR-T cells which targets human Her-2/neu exhibited enhanced killing effect on Her-2-expressing cancer cells in vivo, suggesting that this could be a novel therapeutic regimen. Collectively, our results suggested that engaging activated T cells with cancer cells using αCD3xαPD-L1 BiTE could be an innovative next generation anticancer therapy which exerts simultaneous inhibitory functions on PD-L1 as well as increasing the infiltration of activated T cells having effector memory phenotype in tumor site.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2023

Background: Golf is a popular sport involving overhead activity and engagement of the rotator cuff (RC). This study aimed to determine to what level golfers were able to return to golf following RC repair, the barriers to them returning to golf and factors associated with their failure to return to golf. Methods: Patients preoperatively identifying as golfers undergoing RC repair at the study centre from 2012 to 2020 were retrospectively followed up with to assess their golf-playing status, performance and frequency of play and functional and quality of life (QoL) outcomes. Results: Forty-seven golfers (40 men [85.1%] and 7 women [14.9%]) with a mean age of 56.8 years met the inclusion criteria, and 80.1% were followed up with at a mean of 27.1 months postoperatively. Twenty-nine patients (76.3%) had returned to golf with a mean handicap change of +1.0 (P=0.291). Golf frequency decreased from a mean of 1.8 rounds per week preinjury to 1.5 rounds per week postoperatively (P=0.052). The EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level (EQ-5D-5L) index and visual analog scale (EQ-VAS) score were significantly greater in those returning to golf (P=0.024 and P=0.002), although functional outcome measures were not significantly different. The primary barriers to return were ipsilateral shoulder dysfunction (78%) and loss of the habit of play (22%). Conclusions: Golfers were likely (76%) to return to golf following RC repair, including mostly to their premorbid performance level with little residual symptomatology. Return to golf was associated with a greater QoL. Persistent subjective shoulder dysfunction (78%) was the most common barrier to returning to golf.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.103-114
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• 2023

PURPOSE: This study compared the effects of computer-based and virtual reality-based cognitive rehabilitation programs on the cognitive function, upper limb function, activities of daily living, and their impact on the prefrontal cortex in convalescent stroke patients. METHODS: Ten recovering stroke patients were assessed for their cognitive function, upper limb function, and daily living activities using the Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination, the Korean version of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, and the Korean version of the Modified Barthel Index. The prefrontal cortex activity was measured with functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy. The virtual reality-based cognitive rehabilitation group utilized a program of daily living activities delivered via a laptop and Oculus Rift. The computer-based cognitive rehabilitation group performed various cognitive tasks on an all-in-one PC. Both groups underwent cognitive rehabilitation training for 30 minutes per day, three times a week, for six weeks, with identical conventional rehabilitation therapies in the hospital. RESULTS: Both programs positively impacted the cognitive and physical functions. On the other hand, the virtual reality-based cognitive rehabilitation program had a larger influence on improving the cognitive and physical functions of convalescing stroke patients. CONCLUSION: The virtual reality program suggests its potential to enhance cognitive and physical functions in convalescent stroke patients through increased engagement, focus, real-time feedback, and game elements, making it a promising rehabilitation approach.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.9-21
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• 2024

Objective : This study investigated the effects of depression on online and offline social interactions among middle-aged and older adults with the aim of enhancing their social connectivity and mental well-being. Methods : Utilizing the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the Lubben Social Network Scale-6, this study assessed depression and social relationships in 429 middle-aged adults. We explored the mediation effects of offline relationships on online interactions using path analysis and the Sobel test. Results : Significant links were found between depression and social relationships in a cohort of educated males averaging 63 years of age. Offline interactions mediated 32% of the influence of depression on online relationships, with strong model fit indices emphasizing the importance of offline social interactions. Conclusion : This study highlights the role of active engagement in online and offline networks in improving mental health and managing the impact of depression on social activity among older adults, helping prevent isolation.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2024

Background: This study aims to determine the association between the number of remaining teeth and oral health-related quality of life according to economic activity status in elderly. Methods: Data from the 9th Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA) were used to analyze 6,004 older adults aged 59 years and older. The number of remaining teeth was categorized as less than 20 and more than 20, and the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) was used to measured the oral health-related quality of life of the elderly. Independent t-tests were performed to compare demographic, economic, sociodemographic, and health characteristics, as well as GOHAI scores, between economically active and inactive individuals. In the case of ANOVA analysis, Scheffe's post hoc analysis was performed to confirm statistical significance between groups. Linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the influence of the number of remaining teeth on GOHAI according to economic activity status. Results: Among the study population, 33.9% were economically active, which is approximately half the proportion of those were not economically active. The mean GOHAI scores were 43.32 and 40.15 for economically active and economically inactive individuals with 20 or more residual teeth, respectively (p<0.001). Simple linear regression analysis revealed that having more than 20 remaining teeth was associated with a statistically significant increase in GOHAI by approximately 4.56 times and 4.92 times compared to having fewer than 20 teeth for economically active and non-economically active individuals, respectively (p<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis, adjusted for demographic, economic, sociodemographic, and health characteristics, showed that having more than 20 remaining teeth was associated with a statistically significant increase in GOHAI by approximately 3.62 and 2.97 times compared to having fewer than 20 teeth in economically active and non-economically active individuals, respectively (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study explored economic activity status as one of several approaches to enhance the oral health-related quality of life of the elderly. By using the number of remaining teeth as an indicator of oral health status. supporting economic activity could potentially improve both oral health and overall quality of life for older individuals. Such interventions may have positive effects on policy outcomes, including reducing economic inequality by promoting economic engagement among the elderly.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.63-75
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of responsive teaching on students' productive argumentation practice. The participating students predicted the results of an activity to measure in which location on the body (the head, spine, or back of the hand) they would feel a cellphone's vibrations faster. They then engaged in the activity and built an argument to justify it. We interviewed the teacher to understand her thoughts regarding what was expected in the class. We also recorded and transcribed the class and the interview, for use in the analysis of the students' epistemological framing and the teacher's responsive practice in small group argumentation. We discovered that the teacher intervened in the groups with questions that elicited students' thoughts as starting points for her responsive practice. Her eliciting questions led the students to talk about their ideas, supporting their engagement in the argumentation. The teacher's understanding of the argumentation lesson and her behavior to understand the students' ideas reflected her productive framing, which led her to elicit students' ideas and to support their active interaction during the small-group argumentation. She presented rebuttals against students' ideas, engaging in the argumentation as another participant, not as an evaluator. This supported the equality of intellectual authority in the group and showed students how to engage in the argumentation, supporting students' productive framing. As a result of these responsive teaching practices, the students shifted their epistemological framing, resulting in productive argumentation practice. The results of this study will contribute to developing teachers' responsive teaching strategies to support students' productive framing in science classrooms.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.211-222
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• 2016

This article examines K-8 pre-service teachers' (PSTs) engagement in lesson plan modification using the eight Mathematics Teaching Practices (MTPs) in Principles to Actions, the most recent landmark publication of framework by National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) in the U.S. The activity consisted of four phases that involved the analysis and modification of an existing lesson plan. Fifty-seven PSTs participated in the activity throughout the semester, and data from each phase was analyzed using the inductive content analysis approach. PSTs' initial conceptions of lesson planning reflected little on teaching practices (i.e., the MTPs) with more emphasis placed on the form - rather than function - of lesson elements. With the opportunity to interpret MTPs and analyze lesson plans using MTPs as an analytical lens, PSTs demonstrated various interpretations of MTPs, made efforts to incorporate MTPs into lessons, and attended to the interwoven nature of MTPs. This article also shares the challenges, conflicts, and tensions reported by PSTs during their participation of lesson plan modification; as such, the results from this study will inform the research examining the pedagogical (im)possibilities for utilizing MTPs in mathematics teacher training programs.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.336-348
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• 2019

This study aimed to verify the effects of design thinking-based team project learning on nursing college students' empathy and proactivity of problem solving. This study also examined the subjects' experiences obtained from participating in team project activity through reflective analysis. The research was a one-group, pre-and-posttest design. The subjects were 64 seniors majoring in nursing studies in N university who had attended the course of nursing management practice. During the course, they participated in a design thinking team project for a total of 10 sessions for two weeks, five times per week, and one and a half hour per day. Data was analyzed using SPSS Win 22.0, a paired t-test was conducted and Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated. Content analysis was carried out on their experiences obtained from participation in team project activity. The subjects' empathy(t=-2.94, p=.005) and proactivity of problem solving(t=-6.23, p<.001) showed statistically significant difference between before and after the design thinking-based team project learning and had significant positive correlation(r=.634, p<.001). Analysis of team reflection revealed four themes: design thinking, empathy, problem solving ability, and critical thinking. This study verified that design thinking-based team project learning was very effective in developing nursing college students' empathy and proactivity of problem solving. Research Results Design Thinking Based on team learning, project learning is an effective teaching learning method for finding and defining customer needs, creating a solution to problems, and enhancing engagement and empathy through various stakeholder collaborations I could.