• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2007

센서 네트워크상의 센서 노드들은 싱크 노드의 ADV(Advertisement) 메시지를 통해 질의에 해당하는 정보를 싱크 노드에게로 전송하며 싱크 노드는 수신한 정보를 사용자에게 제공한다. 그러나 센서 네트워크를 위한 각종 라우팅 알고리즘들은 싱크노드가 요청하는 해당 질의에 맞는 정보를 가지고 있는 센서 노드의 위치를 알기 위하여 매번 전체 네트워크로 ADV 메시지를 퍼뜨리는 방법을 사용하기 때문에 전체 네트워크의 수명과 직접적인 관련이 없는 센서 노드들의 에너지 소비량을 극심하게 증가시킨다. 본 논문에서는 싱크 노드의 질의에 해당하는 소스 노드를 찾기 위한 초기 경로 설정 시, 방향성 정보를 가진 ADV 메시지를 제한된 방향으로만 전파함으로써 관련 없는 노드들의 메시지 송수신으로 인한 불필요한 에너지 소비를 줄이도록 하는 새로운 메시징 기법을 제안하고 이의 효율성을 실험을 통하여 나타내 보인다.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.275-283
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to present the direction of sustainable urban regeneration through the study of planning characteristics of urban regeneration reflected upon 'SymbioCity' concepts. This study was carried out through theoretical review and case study. In the theoretical review, the theory of 'SymbioCity', one of Sweden's representative urban development models linked to the concept of sustainable development, was reviewed and the framework was derived based on this theory. The framework of this study was finally derived from 'energy', 'ecology and environment', and 'historical and cultural resources'. The case study was conducted by selecting three urban regeneration projects($V{\ddot{a}}strahamnen$ BO01, Royal seaport and HafenCity Hamburg) in Sweden and Germany. Based on the results of case analysis, the direction of sustainable urban regeneration is as follows. First, in terms of energy, we should pay attention to synergy between energy and waste and energy production. Second, in terms of ecology and environment, plans should be made to maximize the use of existing resources in order to conserve natural resources and reduce energy consumption and economic costs. Third, in terms of historical and cultural resources, it is necessary to consider ways to preserve and recycle existing buildings with historical and cultural values. Finally, for the successful application of the planning elements, it is necessary to find the most appropriate application method through steady R&D in the country or project unit.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.89-95
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• 2010

The electrokinetic potential of $CaCO_3$, which takes an important part in aquatic system, has been measured and the variation of total energy between $CaCO_3$ particles with the distance of particles was estimated based on DLVO theory. The electrokinetic potential of particles was observed to increase to positive direction as the charge valence of cations which was added to suspension was increased. Also, the total interaction energy between particles was estimated to be more negative as the charge valence of cation was higher and its concentrations was raised. When a mixture of cations with different charge valences was added, the influence of cation with a higher charge valence was more significant on the total interaction energy between particles. When anion was added to the suspension of $CaCO_3$, the total energy estimated by DLVO theory was examined to move to positive direction and the electrokinetic potential of particles became more negative. Likewise cations, the effect of anions on the electrokinetic potential of particles and total interaction energy between them was observed to be proportional to their charge valence and the influence of the mixture of anions with different charge valence became more remarkable as the mixing ratio of the anion with a higher charge valence was increased.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2006

CFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics) of the advanced composite materials as structural materials for vehicle, has a wide application in light-weigh structural materials of airplanes, ships and automobiles because of high strength and stiffness, However, there is a design variable to be considered in practical application of the laminate composite materials, these materials are vulnerable to transverse impact. This paper is to study the effects of stacking sequence and curvature on the penetration characteristics of composite laminate shell. They are stacked to $[0_3/90_3]S,\;[90_3/0_3]s\;and\;[0_2/90_3/0]s,\;[90_2/0_3/90]s$ and their interlaminar number two and four. They are manufactured to various curvature radius (R=100, 150, 200mm and $\infty$), When the specimen is subjected to transverse impact by a steel ball, the velocity of the steel ball was measured both before and after impact by determing the time for it to pass two ballistics-screen sensors located a known distance apart. The critical penetration energy of specimen A and B with less interfaces were a little higher than those of C and D. As the curvature increases, the critical penetration energy increases linearly because the resistance to the in-plane deformation as well as bending deformation increases, which need higher critical penetration energy. The specimen A and C have higher critical penetration energy than B and D because of different stacking sequences. We examined crack length through a penetration test. For the specimen A with 2interfaces, the longest circumferential direction crack length were observed on the first interface from the impact point. For the specimen B 4-interface, the longest circumferential direction crack length were observed on the second interface from the impact point.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제37권4B호
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• pp.258-268
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• 2012

무선 센서 네트워크(WSN)에서는 저가 및 저 전력 센서로 구성되기 때문에 센서의 임무를 성공적으로 수행하면서 적은 에너지를 소모하는 것이 중요한 문제로 부각된다. 기존의 클러스터링 WSN에서는 헤드의 결정 및 헤드에 의한 데이터 수집과 전송 방안이 전체 네트워크의 성능에 큰 영향을 준다. 본 논문은 클러스터링 WSN에서 데이터 전송의 방향성을 고려한 하이브리드(Hybrid) 클러스터링 방법을 제안한다. 데이터의 효율적인 전송을 위해 모든 센서노드가 싱크로 데이터를 전송할 때 클러스터헤드를 거쳐 전송할 것인지 클러스터 헤드를 거치지 않고 싱크로 직접 전송할 것인지를 싱크, 헤드위치, 해당 센서노드의 위치에 따라 이원화 하는 하이브리드 라우팅 기법이다. 실험을 통하여 LEACH(Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) 방식과 비교하여 데이터를 싱크에서 역방향으로 전송 하지 않음으로써 거리와 에너지소모를 줄일 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 분석과학
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.483-490
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• 2005

TOF 비행시간을 이용한 에어로졸 질량분석기에서 질량분석기의 분해능은 발생하는 이온의 초기에너지와 이온이 움직이는 진행방향에 따라 달라진다. 고출력 펄스형 레이저에 의하여 에어로졸로부터 용발되어 이온화된 원소들은 다른 속도로 사방으로 퍼져 나가게 되어 분해능 저하를 초래하는데 이를 방지하기 위해서 1차 가속된 이온들을 서로 다른 에너지로 후집속하여 같은 시간에 이온센서에 도달하도록 하는 장치에 대하여 연구를 수행하였다. 후집속 전위를 $90^{\circ}$ 방향으로 진행하는 이온을 중심으로 서로 다른 방향으로 걸어 줌으로써 TOF 영역을 지나 센서로 도입되는 이온의 도착 시간이 크게 개선되었음을 알 수 있었으며, 이를 실증하기 위하여 레이저 유도 이온을 만들고 후집속 장치를 구성하여 최적의 시간지연시간 및 전압 조건을 도출하여 그 성능을 증가시켰다.

• 지질공학
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 방사성폐기물 처분 시 천연방벽의 수리 특성 진화와 관련하여, 시추공 설치 및 확공이 결정질 암반 내 단열 및 수리 특성에 영향을 미칠 가능성을 평가하기 위해 수리-역학 연동 수치해석을 수행했다. 시추공 부근에서의 간극 열림과 투수성 변화 여부를 평가하기 위해 단열망을 기반으로 한 불연속체 해석 도메인을 이용했다. 단열암반에서의 현장수리시험 모사를 통해 주응력방향과 시추공 직경 변화의 영향을 평가하였다. 먼저 단열의 간극변화가 주응력방향에 의존함을 확인했다. 그리고 수직변위에 의한 간극크기 증가가 지배적이었다. 시추공 부근에 전단팽창이 집중되는 것도 단열의 수리지질학적 진화에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 수치해석 결과는 시추공 설치 및 확공에 따른 응력교란에 의해 단열 특성이 변화하여 단열 암반의 투수성이 증가할 수 있다는 것을 보여준다. 추후 본 연구모델을 기반으로 실제 크기의 처분공 주변에서의 정확한 수리적 변화를 분석하기 위해서는 3차원 해석모델로 보완되어야 할 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국입자에어로졸학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2022

Currently, droplet protective screens (DPSs) are used to prevent the spread of respiratory diseases. As virus particles can maintain their infective in indoor environments, recent studies have investigated the risk of airborne transmission. However, the ability of DPSs to block airborne transmission has not been verified yet. In this study, the preventive ability of DPSs against droplet and airborne transmission was evaluated. Moreover, the effectiveness of a Portable air purifier (PAP) was investigated. According to results, in a simulated room where an infectious person spoke, the DPS blocked more than 90% of the micron-sized droplets (with a diameter larger than 1 ㎛) transmitted to the front of the infectious person. However, sub-micron droplets (with a diameter smaller than 1 ㎛) passed through the DPS and spread in a room. However, the PAP reduced the amount of both micron and sub-micron droplets transmitted to the front of the infectious person. When the PAP airflow direction was set from the DPS surface to the free space near the infectious person, improved prevention against droplet and airborne transmission was recorded. However, airborne transmission was accelerated when the PAP airflow direction was set from the free space to the DPS surface.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2008

The R&D budget of energy technology development has increased in the sector of korean energy technology development continuously. In addition to that, KIER, the government invested research institute and unique energy technology R&D research institute, is trying to plan for a big-sized energy R&D program for the well focused R&D and excellent research outcomes. In the phase of R&D process, the planning is one of the most important sectors because it drives the direction of R&D. In this study, we suggest the assessment criteria to select a strategic energy technology R&D programs by the analytic hierarchy process, which is one of multi-criteria decision making method (MCDM)We structure 2 tiers of hierarchy for assessing a big-sized R&D program and also establish 6 criteria in the level 1, which are energy environment, economic spin-off, technical spin-off, marketability, KIER mission, and cost. We allocate the relative weights of criteria by checking the values of consistency ratio as making pairwise comparisons. The result of this research will provide the decision makers as they select a right well focused R&D program.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2011

In this study, we measured the wind data as new and renewable energy resources and carried out the evaluation of uncertainty about these data with the authentic standards. These data collected at the 20 locations in korea. We carried out the processing and evaluation about these data with standards as ISO, GUM, and IEC. Whereby these data become standards data and the credibility are gained. These data include some information as direction, humidity, pressure, temperature, and energy density. The annual average of wind speed(in Hamo) was measured as 9.5m/s, then the uncertainty was evaluated as ${\pm}0.88m/s$. We judge the credibility of data by expression of reliability quantitatively. In additional, the standards data is able to approach anywhere and it will be used to support of related research and industry.