• Mycobiology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.185-190
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• 2006

Endophytic fungi were isolated from healthy leaf and root samples of Taraxacum coreanum. Of the 72 isolates recovered, 39 were from leaves and 33 from roots with an isolation frequency of 54% and 46%, respectively. Based on ITS sequence analysis, 72 isolates were classified into 19 genera of which 17 were under the phylum Ascomycota and 2 were under Basidiomycota. Diverse genera were found and Alternaria, Cladosporium, Fusarium and Phoma were dominant. Out of 19 genera, Apodus, Ceriporia, Dothideales, Leptodontidium, Nemania, Neoplaconema, Phaeosphaeria, Plectosphaerella and Terfezia were new to Korea. Seventy two isolates were screened for antifungal activity, of which 10 isolates (14%) were found active at least against one of the tested fungi. Isolate 050603 had the widest antifungal spectra of activity, and isolates 050592 and 050611 were active against three plant pathogenic fungi.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.239-242
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• 2014

In this study, endophytic fungi were isolated from leaves of four species of woody plants, Acer tagmentosum, Larix kaempferi, Abies holophylla, and Pinus koraiensis, on Mt. Hambaek, Gangwondo, Korea. The endophytic fungi were identified using morphological and sequences analysis of ITS regions. The fungal endophytes were identified as Talaromyces radicus, Myceliophthora verrucosa, Cryptosporiopsis diversispora, and Sphaerulina berberidis, which are the first record in Korea. The morphological and molecular phylogenetic characteristics of each strain were described.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.217-228
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• 2020

Endophytic fungi were isolated from the leaves of plants inhabiting the Hansando Island in Korea. We identified the fungal strains based on their morphological characteristics and on the phylogenetic analysis using DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer, small subunit rDNA, large subunit rDNA, and translation elongation factor 1- α regions. In this study, we isolated five endophytic fungi that have not been recorded in Korea, Arthrinium camelliaesinensis, Beltraniella humicola, B. portoricensis, Microxiphium theae, and Piceomphale pinicola. Their morphological characteristics as well as the results of molecular phylogenetic analysis are reported here.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.324-333
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• 2014

The Black Pine, Pinus thunbergii, is widely distributed along the eastern coast of Korea and its importance as a shelterbelt was highlighted after tsunamis in Indonesia and Japan. The root endophytic diversity of P. thunbergii was investigated in three coastal regions; Goseong, Uljin, and Busan. Fungi were isolated from the root tips, and growth rates of pure cultures were measured and compared between PDA with and without 3% NaCl to determine their saline resistance. A total of 259 isolates were divided into 136 morphotypes, of which internal transcribed spacer region sequences identified 58 species. Representatives of each major fungi phylum were present: 44 Ascomycota, 8 Zygomycota, and 6 Basidiomycota. Eighteen species exhibited saline resistance, many of which were Penicillium and Trichoderma species. Shoreline habitats harbored higher saline-tolerant endophytic diversity compared with inland sites. This investigation indicates that endophytes of P. thunbergii living closer to the coast may have higher resistance to salinity and potentially have specific relationships with P. thunbergii.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.114-121
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• 2018

We isolated endophytic fungi from the leaves of the conifer Juniperus chinensis var. sargentii inhabiting Mt. Hallasan. The fungal isolates were identified based on phylogenetic analysis using nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region, large subunit region of ribosomal DNA, translation elongation factor, and ${\beta}$-tubulin region. In this study, we confirmed four species of unreported endophytic fungi in Korea, Allantophomopsis lycopodina, Epicoleosporium ramularioides, Kabatina juniperi, and Seiridium podocarpi. We describe their morphological characteristics and the results of the phylogenetic analysis.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.405-414
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• 2018

Endophytic fungi were isolated from the leaves of diverse plants inhabiting Jeju Island, Korea. The fungal isolates were identified through phylogenetic analyses incorporating nucleotide sequences derived from the internal transcribed spacer region, large subunit region of ribosomal DNA, and beta-tubulin gene. Our results identified six endophytic fungi previously unknown in Korea namely, Diaporthe goulteri, Diaporthe vaccini, Rhizosphaera pini, Valsa friesii, Xylaria primorskensis, and Zalerion arboricola were identified. Here, we present their cultural and morphological characteristics and phylogenetic relationship.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.486-497
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• 2019

Citrus canker is a devastating disease of citrus caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc). A total of 134 endophytic bacteria were isolated from various gymnospermic and angiospermic plants. They were screened for their antagonistic activities against three wild-type and six streptomycin-resistant Xcc strains. TbL-22 and TbL-26, both later identified as Bacillus thuringiensis, inhibited all the wild and resistant Xcc strains. TbL-22 exerted the highest antagonistic activity against XccW3 and XccM6 with inhibition zones of $20.64{\pm}0.69$ and $19.91{\pm}0.87mm$, respectively. Similarly ethyl acetate extract of TbL-22 showed highest inhibition zones $15.31{\pm}2.08$ and $19.37{\pm}3.17mm$ against XccW3 and XccM6, respectively. TbL-22 reduced canker incidence on infected leaves by 64.05% relative to positive controls. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the cell membranes of Xcc treated with ethyl acetate extract of TbL-22 were ruptured, lysed, and swollen. B. thuringiensis TbL-22 can effectively and sustainably controls streptomycin-resistant citrus canker.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.228-232
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• 2019

Five secondary metabolites, including a new isopimarane derivative xylaroisopimaranin A (1), were isolated from the endophytic fungus Xylaralyce sp. (HM-1), and their structures were elucidated by 1D, 2D NMR, MS and CD spectra. Their bioactivities were performed to antibacterial, Hep G2 cells cytotoxicity and brine shrimp inhibition. The biological evaluation results showed that the xylaroisopimaranin A (1), xylabisboein B (2), griseofulvin (3), 5-methylmellein (4) and mellein-5-carboxlic acid (5) displayed no significant Hep G2 cells cytotoxicity and antibacterial acitivity, but they inhibited the brine shrimp with $IC_{50}$ from 0.5 to $25{\mu}mol/mL$.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.415-421
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• 2020

We isolated endophytic fungi from the leaves of woody plants inhabiting the Ulleungdo Island and Yeosu in South Korea. The fungal strains were identified based on their morphological characteristics in conjunction with phylogenetic analysis, which was performed using sequences of the internal transcribed spacer, large subunit rDNA, and β-tubulin DNA. We confirmed the presence of Neofusicoccum mangiferae and Thyronectria cucurbitula, two endophytic fungal species that had not been previously recorded in Korea. In this report, we describe the morphological characteristics of these fungal strains and results of the DNA-based phylogenetic analysis.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.81-86
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• 2021

We isolated endophytic fungi from Smilax china and Cryptomeria japonica. These fungal strains were identified based on their morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of their internal transcribed spacer, large subunit rDNA, and translation elongation factor 1-α DNA. Among them, we discovered two fungi belonging to the genus Phyllosticta, which have not been previously recorded in Korea. We have described these two fungal strains, Phyllosticta ericarum 19E458 and Phyllosticta philoprina 19E012 in this study.