• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1997

The relative frequency and distribution of occurrence of immunoreactive cells in the proventriculus, diverticulum, cardia, fundus and pylorus of the stomach of pigs were investigated by PAP method using specific antisera against BCG, Gas/CCK, 5-HT, somatostatin, glucagon, BPP, motilin and insulin. In the diverticulum and cardia, BCG-, 5-HT-, somatostatin- and glucagon-immunoreactive cells were detected. In the fundus, BCG-, 5-HT- and somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were also found. In the pylorus, BCG-, Gas/CCK-, 5-HT-, somatostatin- and glucagon-immunoreactive cells were observed. However, no BPP-, motilin- and insulin-immunoreactive cells were found in the stomach epithelium of the pigs. These results showed that the occurrence of the endocrine cells confirmed in the diverticulum as the cardia and suggest that the function of diverticulum may be similar to that of cardia in the pigs.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2001

A common used endpoint in bioassays testing the estrogenicity of chemicals including endocrine disruptors is the induction of egg yolk Precursor vitellogenin in male fish. Two marine fishes (Sebastes schlegeli and Paralichthys olivaceus) were exposed to the 17$\beta$-estradiol(E2) to determine the vitellogenin production. Vitellogenin was measured in fish blood using SDS-PAGE and Densimetry. Results showed that exposure to E2 caused vitellogenin in male fish. Especially, vitellogenin levels in young fish were about 4 times higher than in adult fish, which means young fish are more sensitive to E2 exposure. And plasma vitellogenin in fish increased related to E2 concentration and exposure duration.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2001

Obesity is a metabolic disease associated with multiple hormonal abnormalities. Therefore, obesity management aims at balancing these endocrine malfunctions nowadays. Although many studies proved interactions of hormones related with obesity, there are still lots of controversies. Most of these malfunctions are more pronounced in central, visceral obesity than in peripheral obesity. Recently, it is revealed that a central lesion of endocrine malfunction in human visceral obesity is probably related with a hypersensitivity of hypothalamopituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis. Probably associated with this axis, Insulin and cortisol promote lipid accumulation by expressing lipoprotein lipase activity, while sex hormones and growth hormone exert the opposite effects. Also reviewed was thyroid hormone which is closely related with thermogenesis. Serotonin is prescribed as antidepressant and it is applied to some eating disorders. Recently, leptin made in fat deposit also took attentions in terms of regulator of appetite and messenger of sex signal.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.448-454
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• 2001

The contents of heavy metals in boiled Sibjeonaebotang with those in its herbal ingredients are compared. The herbal medicines of Sibjeonaebotang were bought at 10 defferent markets. The contents of 14 heavy metals (Ag, As, Ba, Cd, Cr Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Zn) were analysed using ICP It was found out that 5 heavy metals (Pb, As, Ba, Fe, Sb) were detected in only one boiled Sibjeonaebotang But they were detectable in all Sibjeonaebotang and its herbal before boiling. For example the content of Hg in one pack of Sibjeonaebotang before boiling was 0.064$\pm$0.016 me and Hg in boiled one was 0.002$\pm$0.005mg. These results suggest that boiled Sibjeonaebotang which we take is less harmful than herbal medicine itself by heavy metals.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.163-163
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• 2002

4-tert-octylphenol (OP) is surfactant additive widely used in the manufacture of a variety of detergents and plastic products, a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EP A) classified endocrine disruptor. The purpose of this study was developed the analytical method of OP and determined toxicokinetics parameters after i. v. and oral administration in SD rats plasma concentration of OP using HPLC.(omitted)

• Endocrinology and Metabolism
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2016

Immoderate energy intake, a sedentary lifestyle, and aging have contributed to the increased prevalence of obesity, sarcopenia, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. There is an urgent need for the development of novel pharmacological interventions that can target excessive fat accumulation and decreased muscle mass and/or strength. Adipokines, bioactive molecules derived from adipose tissue, are involved in the regulation of appetite and satiety, inflammation, energy expenditure, insulin resistance and secretion, glucose and lipid metabolism, and atherosclerosis. Recently, there is emerging evidence that skeletal muscle and the liver also function as endocrine organs that secrete myokines and hepatokines, respectively. Novel discoveries and research into these organokines (adipokines, myokines, and hepatokines) may lead to the development of promising biomarkers and therapeutics for cardiometabolic disease. In this review, I summarize recent data on these organokines and focus on the role of adipokines, myokines, and hepatokines in the regulation of insulin resistance, inflammation, and atherosclerosis.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.97-102
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• 2019

Several studies have recently demonstrated that skeletal muscle is an endocrine organ releasing and expressing myokines acting in an endocrine or paracrine manner. Irisin is a hormene-like myokine induced after physical exercise by muscle fibers. It was primarily recognized as a molecule able to advance the "browning response" in white adipose tissue, however, it has been recetly identified that irisin also has a fundamental role in the control of bone mass. We study evidence for its possible skeletal effects, including the fundamental role that irisin is involved in the control of bone mass, with beneficial effects on geometry and cortical mineral density. As loss of muscle mass and bone density occurs with immobility, metabolic disease and aging, future studies researching the efficacy of irisin in reversing muscle wasting and restoring bone would be important to proving irisin as a molecule that combines helpful effects for treating muscular atrophy and osteoporosis in elderly people.

• Journal of Endocrine Surgery
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.236-239
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• 2018

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPTH) occurs commonly in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Uncontrolled SHPTH is associated with complications of calcium deposition including calciphylaxis and elevated rates of cardiovascular morbidity. Current treatment recommendations for medically refractory disease include total parathyroidectomy, often with autotransplantation (TPTH+AT) of minced parathyroid gland. Surgical intervention is associated with a reduction in cardiovascular mortality. We report a case of a 56-year-old man with ESRD who developed SHPTH and underwent TPTH+AT of parathyroid tissue into the right brachioradialis muscle. Over the course of 7 years he developed a mass at the site of the autotransplanted gland as well as recurrent refractory hyperparathyroidism with increased forearm uptake noted on sestamibi scan. After excision of this mass, pathology demonstrated hyperplasia of the minced gland fragments which were embedded within a mass of fibroadipose tissue rather than the muscle tissue it was originally transplanted in.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.189.1-189.1
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• 2003

Transcript profiling is a particularly valuable tool in the field of steroid receptor biology, as these receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors and therefore exert their initial effects through altering gene expression in responsive cells. Also, an increased awareness of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and their potential to affect wildlife and humans has produced a demand for practical screening methods to identify endocrine activity. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.107.2-107.2
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• 2003

Bisphenol A(BPA) is a monomer widely used in the manufacturing polycarbonate plastic or epoxy resin and Mancozeb (MCZ), a polymeric complex of zinc and manganese salts of ethylene bisthiocarbamate, is widely used in agriculture as fungicide, insecticide and herbcide. These chemicals have been recently known as endocrine disruptors. To investigate the effects of BPA and MCZ on LPS-induced cytokine production (TNF-${\alpha}$) in vivo, female ICR mice were administered to various concentration of these materials (BPA; 100, 500, 1000 mg/kg/day, and MCZ; 250, 500, 1000, 1500 mg/kg/day) for 30 days and serum cytokine levels were measured at 1h post LPS injection (day 32) in BPA- or MCZ-administered mice. (omitted)