• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 2013

Purpose. Based on the comparison and analysis with those of United States, the aim of this research is to find the problems in current management, operation and future directions of emergency medical service (EMS) fund in S. Korea and to provide basic resources and appropriate measures to make a right decision in policies for EMS fund. Methods. Data from Ministry of Health and Welfare and other various sources during 1995 to 2012 were collected and analyzed. Results. From our analyses, several problems are identified in EMS fund operation. In brief, problems discerned are as follows. First, whereas the purpose and direction of EMS fund operations in United States are highlighted and focused on pre-hospital EMS system and associated infrastructures which need to be constructed, those of S. Korea are emphasized mainly on the in-hospital EMS system so far. Second, on the contrary to the fact that the EMS funds in United States are tuned to pre-hospital EMS system to provide prompt and efficient emergency care at the emergency scene of pre-hospital stage and to achieve the development, design, planning and demonstration projects for pre-hospital EMS systems, up to date, our investment of EMS funds demonstrated an excess biased inclination toward the construction of in-hospital EMS system, which is far from the realization of constructive and vital pre-hospital infrastructures. Third, while emergency medical technician is important and principal body in the management of emergency medical funds in United States, so far, no EMS funds in S. Korea existed for EMTs including the job condition, improved treatment and working environment for them. Conclusion. In conclusion, we strongly suggest that the problems pointed out must be revised and corrected. Current usage of EMS fund needs to be redirected predominatly to pre-hospital EMS system. Otherwise, unless current management and investment of emergency medical funds in S. Korea are applied and used for the vital necessities and demands of EMTs, public EMS units and private EMS units as well as related units in pre-hospital EMS system as in the cases of United States, in our consideration, they must be suspended or abolished.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.21 no.2 s.66
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• pp.87-97
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• 2007

This study is to investigate the problems of procurement circumstance of the current fire service funds and to suggest the alternatives for procuring the fire service funds for dealing with increasing demand on the fire service in the local autonomous era. The results are as the followings. First, most fire service officers see the procurement circumstances as premature stage and perceive the necessity of the improvement of this condition. In particular, the officers at the fire center recognize this problem as an urgent question than the officers at the front fire branches. In addition, as for the alternatives of the procurement of fire service funds, both groups prefer the long term plan to the short term plan, and show positive responses to the National Emergency Management Agency and central government as the entity to raise fire funds. As for the alternatives to improve financial system, both groups show the most positive responses on the way to increase the current common facilities tax. As for the specific procurement alternatives of fire funds, both groups agree the alternative to increase common facilities tax mostly, and to the next they agree the alternative to insecure fire funds by restructuring current financial system and by establishing fire service hospital and fire equipment maintenance center.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.531-539
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• 2022

The government enforced policies such as social distancing and limiting business hours to prevent the spread of COVID-19. However, the impact of the long-term COVID-19 pandemic is causing more serious difficulties for small business owners. The government intended to relieve the business management pressure for small business owners by drawing up the COVID-19 emergency disaster relief funds. The funds provided temporary support for the small business owners, but the prolonged pandemic worsened the business management difficulties. Therefore, this study will apply fixes that fail and shifting the burden archetypes from the system archetype of system thinking for the exploratory deduction of policy measures as the policy leverage to effectively enhance the recovery of small business owners. In response to the situation, emergency financial aid for small business owners and support that can enhance the self-sustaining powers are required to heighten the recovery of small business owners.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2020.07a
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• pp.89-90
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 안드로이드 위치 센서를 기반으로 경기도 긴급재난지원금의 사용처에 대한 정보를 사용자들에게 제공하는 '가치살림' 애플리케이션을 설계하고 구현한다. 이 애플리케이션은 간소화 된 회원가입과 시간과 장소에 구애받지 않는 스마트폰 애플리케이션을 제공하여 접근성이 높인다. 또한 남녀노소 편리한 사용을 위하여 단순한 화면구현과 사용처 위치, 길 안내, 사용처 정보 제공, 내 위치 등의 필수 정보를 제공한다. 사용자는 즐겨 찾는 지역 또는 본인의 거주 지역, 현재 위치를 기반으로 긴급재난지원금 사용처의 정보를 알 수 있다. 경기도 각 시군의 지역화폐 가맹점 현황 정보는 경기도 데이터 드림의 지역화폐 가맹점 현황 Open API를 통해 가져온다. 또한, 긴급 재난 지원금의 사용처의 위치 정보와 사용자의 위치는 경기도 데이터 드림의 지역화폐 가맹점 현황 Open API에서 각 사용처별 위도와 경도 값과 Google Map을 통해 구현한다.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.213-224
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• 1997

Emergency funds are usually identified as liquid assets because they are easily and quickly converted to cash for the needs of unexpected expenses. Empirical studies spplirf got American Households have found that most households do not have recommend levels of liquid savings and an analysis of the 1990 survey of consumer expenditures confirms revious findings. Family Income and Expenditure Survey in Korea is the data base for this study and the level of emergency fund as a flow asset is investigated. A three period model of optimal consumption is presented. The results suggest that many consumers who do not have the recommend levels of liquid assets may be acting rationally. The results may be useful for financial counselors and educators. as well as for insight into empircial patterns of savings.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.112-120
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• 2021

Korea and Japan share the same view of a single nation state, but there was a difference in the government's COVID-19 emergency relief fund for foreigners. To this end, I analyzed the comments of Korean and Japanese users in YouTube videos related to COVID-19 disaster support funds for foreigners. As a result of the study, As a result, there are many opinions that Korea and Japan are generally sensitive to foreigners' tax payments, and that immigrants can receive national benefits and support like indigenous people if they fulfill their obligations. Next, it can be seen that Korea and Japan recognize each other in common. The difference is that Japan is sensitive to the same nationality, whereas Korea is more focused on tax and money than nationality.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.169-189
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• 2008

There are few studies on the characteristics of defaulters, though research in this field is needed. The purpose of this study was to find out social, economic and psychological characteristics of defaulters who are married and in their thirties. For this study, an in-depth interview was used. The major findings were as follows. The focus of this study is defaulters who are married, in their thirties, have managed small businesses by themselves or with their spouses and have experienced job fluctuation. There were a lot of reasons for their becoming defaulters. Most of all, a slump in business with the occurrence of individual events caused them to be enrolled as defaulters. The monthly mean income of defaulters was $1,800,000{\sim}5,000,000$ won, yet it was irregular. Moreover, they were dependent upon labor income or business income. The monthly mean expenditure of defaulters was $1,000,000{\sim}2,300,000$ won, which constituted about $26%{\sim}57.5%$ of their monthly mean income. The defaulters needed to budget a number of expenditures such as food and private education. Defaulters had $25,000,000{\sim}128,000,000$ won in debts and $300,000{\sim}3,000,000$ won per month in debt payments. Most of them didn't have any emergency funds, monetary assets or fixed assets. Interestingly, they showed high tendency to use debt and low skill for their money management. Defaulters had short time horizons and were likely to buy something on the spur of the moment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2020

Due to global climate change, Korea is experiencing flooding and drought severely. It is hard to manage water resources because intensive precipitation during short periods and drought are commonly occurred in Korea, recently. Severe drought occurred in 2015 and 2017 in the islands, and coastal and inland areas in Korea, and the citizens experienced decreased water supply and emergency water service by using bottled water. Therefore, the Korean government provided additional governmental funds such as the grant of drought disaster. In this study, we tried to calculate the cost of water for drought response based on the cost of tap water for the regional local governments in Korea and the grant of drought disaster by the Ministry of the Interior and Safety in Korea, etc. The estimated costs of water for drought responses in coastal and inland areas which have a chance to apply alternative water sources such as brackish or seawater desalination and water reuse in Korea were higher than in other areas in Korea. Additionally, as the novel approach of drought response, the 300 ㎥/day-scale desalination vessel was suggested to provide desalinated water for the islands in Korea. The estimated expenses of water supply for the target island areas (Sinan-gun and Jindo-gun) by the desalination vessel was lower than those by emergency water service by using bottled water.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.391-403
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• 2008

The purpose of the study was to find the level of family financial management behavior of urban housewives and to discern the difference between financial stability and financial satisfaction according to change-orientation of financial management behavior among urban housewives, and thus provide the fundamental data to improve stability and financial satisfaction. The following findings emerged during the study: First, groups with higher change-oriented family financial management behaviors among housewives subjectively felt more financial satisfaction than other groups. Second, groups with above average levels of change-oriented management behavior appeared to have more stable families than groups with below average objective financial stability, emergency funds, risk provisions, debt burdens and liquid index. Third, groups with high levels of change-oriented family financial management behavior had higher financial satisfaction.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.44 no.8
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• pp.855-870
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• 2012

The paper deals with three main topics: a) the definition of System Thermal-Hydraulics (SYS TH), b) a historical outline for SYS TH and, c) the description of elements for reflection when planning research projects or improvement activities, this last topic being the main reason for the paper. Distinctions between basic thermal-hydraulics and computational Fluid-Dynamics (CFD) on the one side and SYS TH on the other side are considered under the first topic; stakeholders in the technology are identified. The proposal of Interim Acceptance Criteria for Emergency Core Cooling Systems in 1971 by US NRC (AEC at the time) is recognized as the starting date or the triggering event for SYS TH (second topic). The complex codes and the main experimental programs (list provided in the paper) constitute the pillars for SYS TH. Caution or warning statements are introduced in advance when discussing the third topic: a single person (or a researcher) has little to no possibility, or capability, of streamlining the forthcoming investments or to propose a roadmap for future activities. Nevertheless, the ambitious attempt to foresee developments in this area has been pursued without constraints connected with the availability of funds and with industrial benefits or interests. Demonstrating the acceptability of current SYS TH limitations and training in the application of those codes are mentioned as the main challenges for forthcoming research activities.