• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.24 no.10 s.181
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• pp.2405-2412
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• 2000

A cast stainless steel may experience an embrittlement when it is exposed to approximately 30$0^{\circ}C$ for long period. In the present investigation, The three classes of the thermally aged CF8M specimie n are prepared using an artificially accelerated aging method. Namely, after the specimen are held for 300, 1800 and 3600hrs. at 43$0^{\circ}C$ respectively, the specimens are quenched in water to room temperature. Load versus load line displacement curves and J-R curves are obtained using the unloading compliance method. $J_{IC}$ values are obtained following ASTM E 813-87 and ASTM E 813-81 methods. In addition to these methods, JIC values are obtained using SZW(stretch zone width) method described in JSME S 001-1981. The results of the unloading compliance method are $J_Q$=485.7 kJ/m$^2$ for virgin material, $J_{IC}$ of the degraded materials associated with 300, 1800 and 3600hrs are obtained 369.25 kJ/m$^2$, 311.02 kJ/m$^2$, 276.7 kJ/m$^2$, respectively. The results of SZW method are similar to those of the unloading compliance method. Through the elastic-plastic fracture toughness test, it is found that the value of $J_{IC}$ is decreased with increasing of the aging time. The results obtained through the investigation can provide reference data for a leak before break(LBB) of reactor coolant system of nuclear power plants.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.963-970
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• 2015

Laminate structures are used in the automobile, aerospace, and display industries. The advantages of fiber metal laminates are well known. Fiber metal laminates are useful for reducing the weight and improving impact resistance . However, currently, the mechanical properties of fiber metal laminates are not derived. In this paper, we use thickness as a factor for comparing the properties of laminates of various thickness combinations. The properties fiber metal laminates are analyzed using design of experiments. In addition, the finite element method is used to analyze elastic and plastic strains of fiber metal laminates and aluminum plates. The final goal of this paper is to find a suitable finite element model of fiber metal laminates under bending.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 2021

Subsea pipelines are widely used to transport hydrocarbons from ultra-deep seawater to facilities on the coast. A sandwich pipe is a pipe-in-pipe system in which the annulus between the two concentric steel pipes is filled with polymer cores and fillers for insulation and structural reinforcement. Sandwich pipeline is always exposed to complex loading such as bending moment, bulking, internal and external pressures caused by installation, operation and environmental factors. This research provides insights into the structural integrity of sandwich pipeline exposed to complex loading conditions using a linear matching method (LMM). The finite element model of the sandwich pipeline has been generated from previous research, and the model validation is performed by comparing the results of the linear analysis between the two models. The temperature dependent material properties are used to simulate the behavior of real pipeline, and the elastic-perfectly plastic (EPP) model has been taken into account for the material non-linearity. Numerical results provide comprehensive insights into the structural response of the sandwich pipeline under monotonic and cyclic loading and provide notable points about the evaluation of the plastic collapse limit and the elastic shakedown limit of the sandwich pipeline.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.195-204
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• 2004

A series of constant creep and repeated creep tests are performed to investigate the behavior of visco-elasto-plastic materials of chemical grouted sands. In the result of constant creep test, the material exhibits three types of shear strain : elastic, plastic, viscoelastic. The elastic, plastic and viscoelastic strains are linear, i.e., the strains are proportional to the stresses for loading. Good agreement is found between the predicted viscoelastic and test results by the power law and the generalized model. In the repeated creep test, the instantaneous recoverable strain is time-independent and the magnitude of accumulated plastic strain increases with number of cycles. Also it is seen that the accumulated plastic strains are approximately proportional to stress. There are no significant differences between test results predicted values for first cycle, and the differences increase relatively insignificantly with number of cycles.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.439-455
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• 2016

This paper presented solutions of displacement and stress for a circular opening which is reinforced with grouted rock bolt. It satisfies the Mohr-Coulomb (M-C) or generalized Hoek-Brown (H-B) failure criterion, and exhibits elastic-brittle-plastic or strain-softening behavior. The numerical stepwise produce for strain-softening rock mass reinforced with grouted rock bolt was developed with non-associative flow rules and two segments piecewise linear functions related to a principle strain-dependent plastic parameter, to model the transition from peak to residual strength. Three models of the interaction mechanism between grouted rock bolt and surrounding rock proposed by Fahimifar and Soroush (2005) were adopted. Based on the axial symmetrical plane strain assumption, the theoretical solution of the displacement and stress were proposed for a circular tunnel excavated in elastic-brittle-plastic and strain-softening rock mass compatible with M-C or generalized H-B failure criterion, which is reinforced with grouted rock bolt. It showed that Fahimifar and Soroush's (2005) solution is a special case of the proposed solution for n = 0.5. Further, the proposed method is validated through example comparison calculated by MATLAB programming. Meanwhile, some particular examples for M-C or generalized H-B failure criterion have been conducted, and parametric studies were carried out to highlight the influence of different parameters (e.g., the very good, average and very poor rock mass). The results showed that, stress field in plastic region of surrounding rock with considering the supporting effectiveness of the grouted rock bolt is more than that without considering the effectiveness of the grouted rock bolt, and the convergence and plastic radius are reduced.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.399-408
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• 2000

IN analyzing earthquake response of structures important focus is on their diaplacements and shear forces. However seismic technology of passive energy dissipation makes focus on the seismic energy distribution of structures. The passive dampers enhance the capability of energy dissipation by their hysteretic behavior thus preventing the structural plastic deformation. In this paper the building structure with an active controller is analyzed with the view of earthquake energy distribution under elastic and plastic behaviors. The active control makes an effect of increasing damping capability which absorbs most of the earthquake input energy. Finally the different active gains resulting from the plastic deformation are applied to the active analysis and control forces and earthquake energy response are compared.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.6 no.8
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• pp.871-882
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• 1998

This paper presents a new design method of truss bridges using advanced analysis. In this approach, separate member capacity checks encompassed by the specification equations are not required because the stability of separate members and the structure as a whole can be treated rigorously for the determination of the maximum strength of the structures. The method is developed and refined by modifications to the conventional elastic-plastic hinge method. Verification studies are carried out by comparing with the plastic-zone solutions. The load-deflection behavior of the truss shows a good agreement between the plastic-zone analysis. A case study is provided for a truss bridge. Member sizes determined by the proposed method are compared with those determined by the conventional method. It is concluded that the proposed method is suitable for adoption in practice.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.113-123
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• 1997

The welding residual stresses produced by welding frequently cause a crack and promote stress corrosion etc. in heat affected zone contained with external load and weakness of material. For the purpose pof relaxation of welding residual stress, post welding heat teratment(PWHT) is widely used. In this paper, the computer program which is based on Thermal-Elasto-plastic-creep theory for plane deformation on developed by finite element method (F.E.M) and verified its propriety by experimental measurement and also by using the developed computer program. The mechanical behavior of butt welding joint is clairfied during PWHT.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.16 no.6 s.65
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• pp.495-505
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• 2006

Calculating the distribution of stresses and displacements around a circular tunnel excavated in infinite isotropic rock mass subjected to hydrostatic stress condition is one of the basic problems in rock engineering. While closed-form solutions for the distribution are known if rock masses are considered as elastic, perfectly plastic, or brittle-plastic media, a few numerically approximated solutions based on various simplifying assumptions have been reported for strain-softening rock mass. In this study, a simple numerical method is introduced for the analysis of strain-softening behavior of the circular tunnel in Mohr-Coulomb rock mass. The method can also applied to the analysis of the tunnel in brittle-plastic or perfectly plastic media. For the brittle-plastic case where closed-formsolution exists, the performance of the present method is verified by showing an excellent agreement between two solutions. In order to demonstrate the strain-softening behaviors predicted by the proposed method. a parameter study for a softening index is given and the construction of ground reaction curves is carried out. The importance of defining the characteristics of dilation in plastic analysis is discussed through analyzing the displacements near the surface of tunnel.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 1994

Welding of structure produces welding residual stresses which influence buckling strength, brittle fracture strength and cold crack on the weld parts. Therefore, it is very important to accurately analyze the residual stress before welding in order to guarantee the safety of weldment. If the weld length is long enough compared to the thickness and the breadth of plate, thermal and mechanical behaviors in the middle portion of the plate are assumed to be uniform along the thickness direction(z-axis). Thus, the following conditions(so-called plane deformation) can be assumed for the plate except near its end;1) distributions of stress and strain are independent on the z-axis;2) plane normal to z-axis before deformation remains plane during and after deformation. In this paper, plane-deformation thermal elasto-plastic problem is formulated by being based on the finite element method. Moreover special regards and paid to the fact that material properties in elastic and plastic region are temperature-dependence. And the method to solve the plane-deformation thermal elasto-plastic problem is shown by using the incremental technique. From the results of analysis, the characterisics of distribution of welding residual stress and plastic strain with the production mechanism are clarified.