• 영어어문교육
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.207-227
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• 2011

This paper investigates how two different modes of feedback (selective vs. comprehensive) affect selected students' writing development in terms of three different types of measurement (accuracy, fluency, and complexity). 139 university students participated in the study, and 278 writing samples were analyzed. The results of the study indicate that participants who received selective feedback wrote more accurately and fluently than their counterparts. However, in terms of complexity, both selective and comprehensive groups showed no sign of improvement in semester-based investigations. The results of this study support Skehan's (2009) theory of trade-off effects, suggesting that 'natural' tension exists between accuracy and complexity when resources are limited. Moreover, this finding contrasts with the theory of Cognition Hypothesis, which proposes that task complexity will be associated with increases in complexity and accuracy. In the study, selected participants (N=21) strongly nominated their error sources as unfamiliarity toward using key words, usage, transition, and sentence types. This study not only contributes to the accumulation of our current knowledge in the related area of theory, but offers educational implications for those who are dealing with intermediate-level students when deciding what particular teaching content should constitute a priority within a limited instructional period.

• 의학교육논단
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2013

This paper addressed various issues related to the objectivity of student assessment in medical education. The objectivity of assessment was related to all the steps of test development, administration, and results reporting in terms of reliability and validity. Specifically, the objectivity of item formats, representativeness of test content, standardization of test administration, consistency of scoring procedures, and appropriateness of reporting test results were discussed by comparing performance assessment with traditional paper-and-pencil tests. The conclusions were derived from current measurement theories such as standards-based assessment, evidencebased design, and outcome-based assessment. Further, based on Shepard's propositions (2006), the objectivity of student assessment could be achieved by improving the concordance between educational objectives and assessment components such as item types, test contents, and test administration, scoring, and reporting.

• 아동학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

For the purpose of this analysis of trends in research on creativity of preschool children, 98 volumes with articles on the creativity of preschool children were selected from 6 reliable Korean academic journals. Analysis was for year, content, research methods, research design, and subjects. Results showed that (1) the changes by year were that the number of qualitative researches increased from 4 articles in 1998 to 24 articles in 2006. (2) The greatest amount of research content concerned educational methods for the generation of creativity. (3) Most research methods were empirical studies. (4) The most used measurement scale was the Korean Comprehensive Creativity Test for Young Children (Jeon, 2000). (5) Most data analyses were by t-test.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.5-15
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to identify the degree of family function and to determine factors influencing family function. The subjects for this study were 451 adults and high school students among the general population from J city. Data were collected by questionnaire from Sept. 1 to Nov. 30, 1989. The measurement tool was the Family Function Questionnaire(APGAR) developed by Smilkstein. Data were analysed by statistical methods including Mean, S.D. t-test and ANOVA. The following results were obtained : 1. The mean Family APGAR score was 5.70$\pm$0.11, in a range from 0-10. 2. Scores from 0 to 6, which fall into the dysfunctional family range, were recorded for 266 families(59.6%) 3. Significant variables among general characterisics influencing family function were age, sex, marital status, educational levels. monthly income and occupation(p＜.001). 4. Significant variables among family characteristics influencing family function were family life cycle (p＜.01), utilization of family resources(p＜.01) and family atmosphere( p＜.001).

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2022

The current research aims to identify the effectiveness of a training program based on digital stories to develop writing skills for students with learning difficulties. The research sample consisted of (12) students with learning difficulties in the fifth and sixth grades, who were chosen intentionally. The results showed the effectiveness of the program and the maintenance of this improvement over time as results showed that there were statistically significant differences at the level (α = 0.05) between the two measurements, before and after, in favor of the post-measurement. The results also showed that there were no statistically significant differences at the level (α = 0.05) between the post and follow-up measurements on the writing skills scale. This indicates the long-term impact of the program. The researchers recommend the need to expand educational programs' adoption of digital stories to develop the skills of students with learning difficulties.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.139-145
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• 2022

The study aimed to build a proposed program for training Social Studies teachers in the light of electronic functional competencies, the researcher used the experimental method with a quasi-experimental design, the study sample consisted of (37) Social studies teachers in Ismailia. A proposed program in the light of electronic functional competencies. A measure of awareness of the dimensions and components of electronic feasibility. The study concluded several results: There is a statistically significant difference at the level of (a ≤0.01) between the average scores of the teachers of the research group in the pre and post measurements of the measure of awareness of the dimensions and components of electronic functional competencies in favor of the teachers scores in the post-measurement. Training Social studies teachers on the functional electronic competencies necessary for them to keep up with educational developments.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.249-263
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine whether respondents showed gender differences in life- learning competency, self-directed learning ability, problem-solving ability, and academic achievement and to identify relationships among variables of university students in the context of higher education. To address those goal, the data set was analyzed that nationally collected from Korea Youth Competency Measurement and International Comparative Research III by National Youth Policy Institute in South Korea. 680 samples were used in the study that were 343 males and 337 females of university students. As results, statistically significant difference was showed in the participants' gender. Male university students were higher score than female university students in All variables. Also, learning agility in life-learning competency was strongly related to self-directed learning ability and problem-solving. Thinking skills in life-learning competency was strongly related to academic achievement in university students in higher education. In terms of learning strategy in the context of higher education, some suggestions have been made for university students.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.57-77
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• 2008

For years, research on the impact of students' attitudes on learning has maintained a spot amongst the most highly discussed topics in education. Particularly, over the past decades, researchers have made great strides in better understanding attitudes toward computers. This article presents a critical review of the current state of research by re-examining how attitudes toward computers have been studied. First, the review introduces an overview of the theoretical foundations and the origins of research on attitudes toward computers. Then, the article summarizes previous literature and knowledge about computer attitudes and provides a review of major findings from research on the effects of some factors affecting the formation of computer attitudes. The discussion reveals a number of major issues and challenges, which include unclear characterization of computer attitudes, problems with measurement tools, and the lack of studies using methods other than brief questionnaires. The unsolved problems cause conflicting, inconsistent and inconclusive results and affect interpretation in the study of computer attitudes. The article also suggests the main recent and future directions of research on attitudes toward computers. Finally, it concludes by providing implications for educators.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2008

One of the challenges that online learners face is feeling of isolation and diminishing desire of maintaining active participation during e-learning. Social presence, that is considered to be a vital factor in e-learning, is recently started to receive a support from the field. Although research indicated a significant role of social presence in both learning process and learning outcome, there is no widely accepted measurement scale of social presence. This study, therefore, developed a new scale to measure social presence based on the existing theories and validated it against 723 participants. Nineteen self-report items with three dimensions, co-presence, influence, and cohesiveness, were identified and validated using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) in a preliminary and a follow-up study.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.280-283
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the change in exposure concentration in the cleaning process after installing a local exhaust system. Methods: Dichloromethane measurement was conducted according to the KOSHA Guide (A-19-2019). Results: After the local exhaust device was installed, a total of three measurements were conducted, including temporary work environment measurements, and all of the measurements did not exceed the DCM exposure standard, but were more than 50% of the DCM Time Weighted Average((8-TWA) Conclusions: It is thought that the local ventilation system of a small business needs not only support for the initial installation cost, but also educational support for maintaining the performance of the local ventilation system and support for consumables (adsorbents, filters, etc.) that incur periodic costs.