• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.16-24
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• 1993

The "Namul" is a Korean common vegetable food composed of edible young leaves and soft stalks of wild plants or cultivating vegetables and treated with traditional condiments. It has been widely used as not only a regular diet but seasonal foods or special ceremonial foods. In this thesis, the kinds of edible plants for namul were philologically approached by books published in Korea from Koryo to Chosun dynasty. The first historical record about cultivated vegetable as food in Korea was a garlic and a gourd in $\ulcorner$Samkuksaki$\lrcorner$. According to numerous records, edible wild plants might have played an important part as food resources, since they have variable edible portions as famine relief foods. Four kinds of namul were first introduced in Koryo age, but in Chosun dynasty over eighty kinds were recorded. The root of ballonflower and white radish were most commonly used for raw namul and bamboo shoot and squash for boils ones. Most kinds of namul were introduced in $\ulcorner$Zeungtosanrimkwungiae$\lrcorner$ and $\ulcorner$Limwonsiprwukji$\lrcorner$ influenced by pragmatism in later half period of Chosun. The chronic state of famine in later half period of Chosun caused to introduce various edible wild vegetables, and had greatly influenced on the Korean people to acquire vegetarian food habits and to favor salty taste. It seems to need a further study on recent nutritional problems including dietary fiber.ary fiber.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.618-624
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• 1994

The addition of mustard leaf to kimchi making for extanding the optimum edible period was studied. The quality and sensory characteristics of mustard leaf added kimchi were evaluated . The activity, lactic and acetic acid contents of mustard leaf added kimchi showed lower than that of control kimchi but reducing sugar and vitamin C contents was higher. The duration of optimum edible periods of mustard leaf added kimchi lasted one more weak. While the optimum pH of kimchi for eating lasted, the sensory pannel score for sour taste of mustard leaf added kimchi was lower than that of control but the scoreas for savory taste, carbonated taste and hardness were higher . Especially , the sour taste score between two groups were significantly different (p<0.05). Overall quality score for the mustard leaf added kimchi was higher. There was no differences in texture determined by Penetrometer between mustard leaf added kimchi and control kimchi until the fermentation reached the optimal condition for eating . After that period , the degree of degradation of texture was much delayed in mustard leaf added kimchi.

• Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.171-176
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• 2018

A study of the tissue depletion of florfenicol (FFC) administered orally to pigs at a dose of 0.05 kg/ton feed for 7 days was performed. Sixteen healthy cross swine were administered with FFC. Four treated animals were arbitrarily selected to be sacrificed 1, 3 and 5 days after the end of treatment. FFC residue concentrations in muscle, liver, kidney, and fat were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with ultraviolet photometric detector at 230 nm. The correlation coefficient ($R^2$) of the calibration curve for florfenicol amine (FFCa) was > 0.997 and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.012 and $0.040{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Recovery rates in swine edible tissues ranged from 79.1 to 93.5%. In the FFC-treated group, FFC residues at 3 days post-treatment were below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) in muscle, kidney and fat, and those at 5 days post-administration were below the MRLs in all edible tissues. These results suggest that the withdrawal period of FFC after the drug treatment might be 5 days, which is a sufficient amount of time for reduction of the FFC residues below the MRLs in all edible tissues.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.532-539
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to determine age-related changes in the percentage content of edible and non-edible components in broiler chickens. The experimental materials comprised 240 Ross 308 chicks (sex ratio 1:1) raised to 10 weeks of age and fed standard diets ad libitum. Starting from the first week of rearing, every 7 days 10 males and 10 females were selected randomly for slaughter and post-slaughter analysis. The data obtained were verified statistically. The percentage content of edible components increased and the percentage content of non-edible parts decreased as the chicks grew older. In broilers aged 1 week and 10 weeks, edible components accounted for 47.0% and 66.4% total body weight, respectively. The share of muscle tissue increased considerably over this period, from 30.9% total body weight in week 1 to 52.4% in week 10. An increase in the percentage of skin and subcutaneous fat was observed for the first three weeks only, while the percentage content of giblets (in contrast to the remaining edible parts) decreased with age. For non-edible parts, the share of bones diminished by 2.5% and the proportion of slaughter offal reduced by 13.8%. A rising tendency was noted with respect to feathers and abdominal fat, while the content of the remaining offal decreased.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.216-224
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• 2015

The objective of present study was to evaluate the effects of the application of chitosan and chitosan/whey protein on the chemical, microbial and organoleptic properties of Göbek Kashar cheese during ripening time (on 3^rd, 30^th, 60^th and 90^th d). Difference in microbiological and chemical changes between samples was found to be significant (p<0.05) during ripening period. Cheese samples with edible coating had statistically lower mould counts compared to the uncoated samples. Furthermore the highest and lowest mould counts were determined in control (4.20 Log CFU/g) and other samples (<1 Log CFU/g) at 60^th and 90^th d of storage. All samples exhibited higher levels of water soluble nitrogen and ripening index at the end of storage process. At the end of 90 day storage period, no signicant dierences in salt and fat values were observed among the cheeses studied. The edible coatings had a beneficial effect on the sensory quality of cheese samples. In the result of sensory analysis, while cheese C and the chitosan coated cheese samples were more preferred by the panellists, the chitosan/whey protein film-coated cheese samples received the lowest scores. This study shows coating suggests could be used to improve the quality of cheese during ripening time.

• 생약학회지
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• 제33권4호통권131호
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• pp.376-383
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• 2002

The methanol extracts prepared from ten kinds of culinary herbs were investigated for the cytotoxcic effect againt L1210 cancer cells and the mode of action. The substantial cytotoxic effects were observed in all cases with the most prominent effect demonstrated by lemon verbena extract showing $87{\pm}4.1%$ cytotoxicity with $100{\mu}g/ml$ concentration and 3 days culture period. The cytotoxic effect was found to be dose and culture period dependent. With respect to the mechanism of the cytotoxicity, the augmented generation of $O_2{^-}ion$ and the dramatically escalated activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroixdase (GPx) with addition of the herb methanol extractw suggested that there would be the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism in the course of L1210 cancer cell death by the mothanol extract of the edible herbs.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.236-246
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• 1997

우리나라의 자원식물 중 식용으로 이용할 수 있는 식물종에 대한 연구로서 식용자원의 발생 이황에 대한 연구와 유전자원 수집을 통해 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 우리나라에 발생하는 식용 자원식물 중 74 개과에 속하는 609종의 발생이 확인되었다. 2. 식용 자원식물의 수에 다른 과별 순위는 국화과＞백합과＞십자화과＞콩과＞장미과＞산형과＞화본과＞석죽과 순으로 나타났다. 3. 국화과, 십자화과, 백합과에 속하는 대부분의 식용식물은 경엽부를 채소로서 이용하고 있었으며, 장미과의 식물과 콩과 식물 중 일부는 과실이나 종자를 식용 자원으로 이용할 수 있었다. 4. 재배하는 작물종과 식물분류학적으로 근연관계에 있는 종의 수가 많은 화본과 식물은 직접 식용으로 이용할 수 있는 종의 수가 극히 적었다. 5. 수집된 종자들의 발아률은 종마다 다양하여 자원식물의 식용을 위해서는 발아율의 낮은 종의 발아율 개선에 대한 연구가 선행되어야 한다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.39-44
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• 1986

Kacdugi fermented in the subatomospheric pressure(350mmHg) and polyethylene film package to improve the quality and to investigate the effect of fermentative control at $25^{\circ}C$. Brix degree, acidity, vitamin C content and number of total microbe and Lactobacilli was determined and also, the edible period of kacdugi was checked up by sensory assessment. The increasing rate of brix degree during kacdugi fermentation was high in the subatomospheric pressure, but decreased at the last period of fermentation as same tendency to the control, and it was preferably increased at the last period of fermentation in the polyethylene film package. However, the acidity was higher in the control than sbuatomospheric pressure but it was low in the polyethylene film package. Vitamin C content was high in the control at beginning and middle period of fermentation but high in sbuatomospheric pressure, and was low in the polyethylene film package at the last period of fermentation. The number of Lactobacilli was more in the subatomospheric pressure and polyethylene film package than the control, but it was suddenly incressed for the total microbe in the polyethylene film package at last period of fermentation. The edible periods of kacdugi by the sensory assessment of sour flavor, hardness and complex flavor was second days in the control. third days in the polyethylene film package, and fifth days in the subatomospheric pressure after soaking.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제9권
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• pp.41-57
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• 1968

제주산(濟州産) 감귤(柑橘) 14개품종(個品種)에 대(對)하여 생육시기(生育時期)에 따른 과실(果實) 부위별(部位別) 산(酸) 및 당조성(糖組成)의 추이(推移)를 조사(調査)하고 거제산감귤(巨濟産柑橘)을 분석(分析) 비교(比較)하였으며 혈연(血緣)이 먼 타과실(他果實)의 부위별(部位別) 산조성(酸組成)을 조사(調査)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1) 과피율(果皮率)이 생육(生育) 초기(初期)에 크고 그후 완숙(完熟)에 이르기까지 점차 감소(減少)하며 이는 동화(同化) 산물(産物)의 전류(轉流)가 초기(初期)에는 과피(果皮)로 후기(後期)에는 과육(果肉)으로 더많이 전류(轉流)하거나아니면 과피(果皮)에서 과육(果肉)으로 전류(轉流)될 가능성을 보인다. 2) 과중(果重)이 클수록 과피율(果皮率)이 큰 경향을 나타내며 과실중(果實重)이 200이상(以上)의 것은 과피율(果皮率)이 30이상의 품종(品種)은 종실수(種實數)가 15개(個) 이상(以上)이다. 3) 과중(果重)이 최고점(最高點)에 이를때 과육(果肉) 전산함량(全酸含量)이 최고(最高)에 이르고 그후는 감소(減少)하는것이 대부분이나 최고전산(最高全酸) 함량(含量)이 20me/100g 이하로 가장 낮은 품종(品種)들은 수확기(收穫期)까지 계속 증가(增加)하였다. 4) 생육각시기(生育各時期)의 과육중(果肉中) 전산(全酸)과 적정산간(滴定酸間)에 r=0.933, 과피중(果皮中) 전산(全酸)과 결합산간(結合酸間)에 r=0.970으로 모두 1% 수준에서 유의성(有意性)이 있으며 과육(果肉)에서는 대부분 적정산(滴定酸)(73%)인 반면 과피(果皮)에서는 대부분이 결합산(結合酸)(88%)이다. 5) 결합산(結合酸)은 성숙단계(成熟段階)에 과육(果肉)에서 증가(增加)하고 과피(果皮)에서 감소(減少)하므로 과피(果皮)로부터 과육(果肉)으로의 염류(鹽類)의 전류(轉流)가 예상된다. 6) 산(酸)과 당조성(糖組成)의 부위별(部位別) 차(差)에 의(依)한 과실(果實)의 유형적분류방법(類型的分類方法)은 혈연(血緣)이 먼 수박과 도마도등(等에)도 적용(適用)될 수 있다. 7) 과육중(果肉中) 전당(全糖)과 비환원당(非還元糖)은 계속 증가(增加)하며 전당(全糖)과 환원당(還元糖)의 상관계수(相關係數)는 $0.849^{**}$ ,$0.732^{**}$ $0.583^*$으로 감소(減少)하고 환원당비율(還元糖比率)도 감소(減少)한다. ($^{**}\;1%$수준(水準)에서 유의성(有意性) $^{*}\;5%$) 8) 과육당(果肉糖)은 주로 비환원당(非還元糖)(61%)인 반면 과피당(果皮糖)은 주로 환원당(還元糖)(88%)이며 수확기(收穫期) 과육중(果肉中) 전당(全糖)과 비환원당간(非還元糖間)에 r=0.861, 과피중(果皮中) 전당(全糖)과 환원당간(還元糖間)에 r=0.972로 모두 1%(水準)에서 유의성(有意性)이 있다. 9) 과피율(果皮率)이 36% 이하(以下)의 품종(品種)은 과피당비(果皮糖比) (과육전당(果肉全糖)/과피전당(果皮全糖))가 1보다 크고 과피율(果皮率)이 36% 이상(以上)인 품종(品種)은 1이하(以下)로 당함량(糖含量)과 부위별(部位別) 생장속도(生長速度)에 관련성(關聯性)이 있는 것 같다. 10) 거제군(巨濟郡) 온주(溫州)는 제주산(濟州産)에 비(比)해 과피율(果皮率)이 적고 산(酸)과 당함량(糖含量)이 낮으나 감미비(甘味比)가 높았다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.315-321
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• 1994

The addition of green tea to kimchi making for extanding the optimum edible period was studied. The equality and sensory characteristics of green tea added kimchi were evaluated. The acidity, lactic acid and acetic acid contents of green tea added kimchi showed lower than that of control kimchi but reducing sugar and vitamin C contents was higher. The duration of optimum edible periods of green tea added kimchi lasted two more weeks. While the optimum pH of kimchi for eating lasted, the sensory pannel score for sour taste of green tea added kimchi was lower than that of control but the scores for overall quality and hardness were higher. Especially, the sour taste score between two groups were significantly different(p<0.05). There was no differences in texture determined by Penetrometer between green tea added kimchi and control kimchi until the fermentation reached the optimal condition for eating. After that period, the degree of degradation of texture was much delayed in green tea added kimchi.